I like special missions and secret objectives.

我喜愛特別的任務和秘密目標

So here's my special mission for this talk:

所以我的演講也有個特別的任務

I'm going to try to increase the life span

我會試圖讓這個房間裡的每個人

of every single person in this room

我會試圖讓這個房間裡的每個人

by seven and a half minutes.

增加七分半鐘的壽命

Literally, you will live seven and half minutes longer

這不是比喻，而是你會確實的多活七分半鐘

than you would have otherwise,

只因為你聽了我的演講

just because you watched this talk.

只因為你聽了我的演講

Okay, some of you are looking a little bit skeptical.

很好，有些觀眾好像有點懷疑

That's okay, because check it out --

沒關係，看看這個

I have math to prove that it is possible.

這裡有數學公式可以證明給你看

And it won't make a lot of sense now.

這些數字現在看起來沒什麼意義

I'll explain it all later,

等等我會解釋

just pay attention to the number at the bottom:

只要注意底下這個數字就好

plus-7.68245837 minutes

7.68245837分鐘

that will be my gift to you if I'm successful in my mission.

如果我的任務成功了，你們就能得到這份禮物

Now, you have a secret mission too.

現在，你們也有個祕密的任務

Your mission is to figure out how you want to spend your

你們的任務就是想想

extra seven and a half minutes.

該如何運用這多出來的七分半鐘

And I think you should do something unusual with them,

我覺得你們該用這些時間來做點特別的事

because these are bonus minutes. You weren't going to have them anyway.

因為這是多出來的，原本並不存在

Now, because I'm a game designer, you might be thinking to yourself,

又因為我是個遊戲設計師，你可能會想

I know what she wants us to do with those minutes,

我知道她想叫我們利用那些時間來做什麼

she wants us to spend them playing games.

她就是想要我們玩遊戲嘛!

Now this is a totally reasonable assumption,

這個猜測很有道理

given that I have made quite a habit of encouraging people

因為我會習慣性的鼓勵人

to spend more time playing games.

花更多時間來玩遊戲

For example, in my first TEDTalk,

比如說，在我的第一個TED演講中

I did propose that we should spend 21 billion hours a week

我的確建議一星期花兩百一十億個小時

as a planet playing video games.

玩電動遊戲

Now, 21 billion hours, it's a lot of time.

兩百一十億個小時好多啊

It's so much time, in fact, that the number one unsolicited comment

事實上，自從作完那次演講後

that I have heard from people all over the world

世界各地很多人給我的回應表示

since I gave that talk, is this:

世界各地很多人給我的回應表示

Jane, games are great and all, but on your deathbed,

珍，遊戲並沒什麼不好，但你真的想在臨終前

are you really going to wish you spent more time playing Angry Birds?

後悔當初該多打幾回憤怒鳥嗎?

This idea is so pervasive -- that games are a waste of time

這種想法普遍存在，大家認為玩遊戲浪費時間

that we will come to regret -- that I hear it literally everywhere I go.

一定會後悔，我去到哪都聽到這樣的話

For example, true story: Just a few weeks ago,

舉個例子，幾星期天前

this cab driver, upon finding out that a friend and I were in town

這名計程車司機得知我和我朋友來到城裡

for a game developer's conference,

參與遊戲設計師會議時

turned around and said -- and I quote --

轉過頭說---這是她說的喔----

"I hate games. Waste of life. Imagine getting to the end of your life

"我恨死遊戲了，浪費時間，你能想像你臨死前

and regretting all that time."

後悔花時間在遊戲上嗎?"

Now, I want to take this problem seriously.

現在，我想認真的看待這個問題

I mean, I want games to be a force for good in the world.

我指的是，我希望遊戲能為這個世界帶來正面的力量

I don't want gamers to regret the time they spent playing,

我不希望人們後悔花時間玩遊戲

time that I encouraged them to spend.

我鼓勵他們花這些時間玩樂

So I have been thinking about this question a lot lately.

所以最近我常常思索這個問題

When we're on our deathbeds, will we regret

當我們臨死前，我們真的會後悔

the time we spent playing games?

花那些時間玩遊戲嗎?

Now, this may surprise you, but it turns out

接下來，也許你會很吃驚

there is actually some scientific research on this question.

因為竟然有科學家研究這個問題

It's true. Hospice workers,

沒錯，在我們走到生命盡頭時

the people who take care of us at the end of our lives,

照顧我們的那些醫護人員

recently issued a report on the most frequently expressed regrets

最近發表了一份報告，而這份報告是關於人們在臨終前最後悔的事情

that people say when they are literally on their deathbeds.

這份報告是根據那些生命末期的人在臨終前所做的完整口述

And that's what I want to share with you today --

而那就是就是我今天想和大家分享的

the top five regrets of the dying.

臨終的人們最後悔的五件事

Number one: I wish I hadn't worked so hard.

第一: 我後悔曾經那麼賣命工作

Number two: I wish I had stayed in touch with my friends.

第二: 真希望我和我的朋友們保持連絡

Number three: I wish I had let myself be happier.

第三: 真希望我能活得更快樂

Number four: I wish I'd had the courage to express my true self.

第四: 真希望我有勇氣做自己

And number five: I wish I'd lived a life true to my dreams,

第五: 真希望我的人生是為了自己而活

instead of what others expected of me.

而不是為了他人

Now, as far as I know, no one ever told one of the hospice workers,

就我所知，沒有任何人向醫療人員表示

I wish I'd spent more time playing video games,

後悔沒花時間打電動

but when I hear these top five regrets of the dying,

但當我聽到這五件人們最後悔的事情時

I can't help but hear five deep human cravings

我聽到的這五件事

that games actually help us fulfill.

其實都可藉由玩遊戲來得到滿足

For example, I wish I hadn't worked so hard.

比如說第一項 "我後悔曾經那麼賣命工作"

For many people, this means, I wish I'd spent more time

對很多人來說，這意味著"真希望我花更多的時間陪伴家人"

with my family, with my kids when they were growing up.

"陪伴我的孩子成長"

Well, we know that playing games together has tremendous

當然我們都知道，遊戲對家庭有著莫大的助益

family benefits.

當然我們都知道，遊戲對家庭有著莫大的助益

A recent study from Brigham Young University

楊百翰大學最近有項研究

School of Family life reported that parents who

家庭生活系所的報告指出

spend more time playing video games with their kids

那些陪伴他們小孩花更多時間打電動遊戲的家長

have much stronger real-life relationships with them.

和他們的小孩在現實生活中具有較好的關係

I wish I'd stayed in touch with my friends.

我真希望和我的朋友保持聯絡

Well, hundreds of millions of people

恩，數以百萬的人們

use social games like FarmVille or Words With Friends

透過社交遊戲，像是"農場鄉村"或"填字遊戲"

to stay in daily contact with real-life friends and family.

來和現實世界的朋友和家人維持關係

A recent study from [University of Michigan] showed

密歇根洲大學的一個報告指出

that these games are incredibly powerful

這些遊戲是令人難以置信的充滿力量

relationship-management tools.

的人際關係管理工具

They help us stay connected with people in our social network

它們讓我們和朋友保持良好關係

that we would otherwise grow distant from,

否則我們可能會和那些朋友漸行漸遠

if we weren't playing games together.

如果我們沒有一起玩遊戲的話。

I wish I'd let myself be happier.

我真希望能讓自己更快樂

Well, here I can't help but think of the groundbreaking clinical trials

恩，此時我不禁想到一個突破性的臨床實驗

recently conducted at East Carolina University

此實驗是最近剛由東卡羅來納大學所作的

that showed that online games can outperform

此實驗顯示，玩線上遊戲的療效能夠超過

pharmaceuticals for treating clinical anxiety and depression.

藥物針對臨床性的憂慮和沮喪的治療

Just 30 minutes of online game play a day

每天僅需要花30分鐘玩遊戲

was enough to create dramatic boosts in mood

就足以在心中產生立即性的鼓舞作用

and long-term increases in happiness.

以及長期的幸福感

I wish I'd had the courage to express my true self.

我真希望我能有勇氣做自己

Well, avatars are a way to express our true selves,

沒錯，化身人物是一個表現真實自我的方式

our most heroic, idealized version of who we might become.

我們可以成為的最英勇且理想化的樣子

You can see that in this alter ego portrait by Robbie Cooper

你可以看到這個依自我意識所畫出來的化身像，由一個遊戲玩家，Robbie Cooper

of a gamer with his avatar.

根據他心中的虛擬神話人物所畫的。

And Stanford University has been doing research for five years now

而且史丹福大學已經做一項長達五年的研究

to document how playing a game with an idealized avatar

此研究詳細記錄了藉由理想的化身玩遊戲

changes how we think and act in real life,

是如何影響我們現實世界的思考和行為

making us more courageous, more ambitious,

使我們更有勇氣，更有企圖心

more committed to our goals.

更加約束自己向目標前進。

I wish I'd led a life true to my dreams,

我真希望我能過著真正往我夢想邁近的生活，

and not what others expected of me.

而不是其他人對我所期待的。

Are games doing this yet? I'm not sure,

但是遊戲可以做到這樣嗎? 我不確定，

so I've left a question mark, a Super Mario question mark.

所以我已經先在這留下一問號，一個超級瑪莉的問號

And we're going to come back to this one.

而我們等會會回來看這個問題。

But in the mean time, perhaps you're wondering,

但此時，也許你有疑問，

who is this game designer to be talking to us

這遊戲設計者會接著來告訴我們

about deathbed regrets?

有關臨終前的遺憾?

And it's true, I've never worked in a hospice,

而這是真的，雖然我不曾在安寧病房內工作過，

I've never been on my deathbed.

我不曾躺在安寧病床上過。

But recently I did spend three months in bed, wanting to die.

但最近我確實躺在床上達三個月，渴望死亡。

Really wanting to die.

真的渴望死亡。

Now let me tell you that story.

現在讓我告訴你那個故事。

It started two years ago, when I hit my head and got a concussion.

要從兩年前說起，那時我的頭撞到而且得了腦震盪。

Now the concussion didn't heal properly,

那時腦震盪沒得到適當的治療，

and after 30 days I was left with symptoms like nonstop headaches,

而且過了三十天後留下了後遺症像是不停頭痛，

nausea, vertigo, memory loss, mental fog.

噁心，暈眩，失憶，意識模糊。

My doctor told me that in order to heal my brain,

我的醫生告訴我為了要治癒我的頭腦

I had to rest it.

我得讓它休息。

So I had to avoid everything that triggered my symptoms.

所以我得避免會引起我的後遺症的各類事物。

For me that meant no reading, no writing, no video games,

對我而言那意味著不要看書，不要寫東西，不要打電動，

no work or email, no running, no alcohol, no caffeine.

不要工作或寫電子郵件，不喝酒，不喝含咖啡因飲料。

In other words -- and I think you see where this is going --

這也就是說，而且我想你會知道這樣做會達到什麼地步，

no reason to live.

就沒理由活著了嘛。

Of course it's meant to be funny,

當然這樣說只是玩笑話，

but in all seriousness, suicidal ideation is quite common

但說真的，自殺的想法常產生

with traumatic brain injuries.

常伴隨著受創頭部的損傷出現。

It happens to one in three, and it happened to me.

每三個人中就有一個會發生這樣的狀況，而這已經發生在我身上。

My brain started telling me, Jane, you want to die.

我的大腦告訴我， 珍，你渴望死亡。

It said, you're never going to get better.

它說，你再也不會好起來了。

It said, the pain will never end.

它說，這樣的疼痛再也不會結束。

And these voices became so persistent and so persuasive

而且這樣的聲音變得持續不停產生而且越來有說服力

that I started to legitimately fear for my life,

讓我合理的對我的生命感到恐懼，

which is the time that I said to myself after 34 days --

就是此時我對我自己說三十四天後，

and I will never forget this moment --

而且我將不會忘記此一時刻，

I said, I am either going to kill myself

我說，我不是將自己殺死

or I'm going to turn this into a game.

就是將這情況視為一場遊戲。

Now, why a game?

在那時，我為何可以將之視為遊戲呢?

I knew from researching the psychology of games for more than a decade

我知道，從進行10年以上的遊戲心理學研究得知

that when we play a game -- and this is in the scientific literature --

當我們玩遊戲時，而且這在科學文獻上有記載，

we tackle tough challenges with more creativity,

我們處理棘手的挑戰會以更有創造力方式解決，

more determination, more optimism,

更有毅力，更樂觀

and we're more likely to reach out to others for help.

而且我們較有可能尋求別人的援助

And I wanted to bring these gamer traits to my real-life challenge,

而且我想要秉持著遊戲玩家的性格面對現實生活的挑戰

so I created a role-playing recovery game

所以我創造了一款角色扮演有助於康復的遊戲

called Jane the Concussion Slayer.

稱為"珍，腦震盪殺手"。

Now this became my new secret identity,

當時這變成我的新秘密身份，

and the first thing I did as a slayer

而且我當殺手第一件所做的事

was call my twin sister -- I have an identical twin sister named Kelly --

就是打電話給我的雙胞胎姊妹，我有一個和我長得一樣的姊妹，叫做凱利，

and tell her, I'm playing a game to heal my brain,

而且告訴他，我正在玩一個遊戲用來治癒我的大腦，

and I want you to play with me.

而且我要她和我一起玩。

This was an easier way to ask for help.

這是尋求援助的最簡當的方式。

She became my first ally in the game,

她變成這個遊戲中我第一個盟友，

my husband Kiyash joined next,

我丈夫Kiyash接著加入，

and together we identified and battled the bad guys.

而且我們一起辨識出壞人並和他交戰。

Now this was anything that could trigger my symptoms

在那時這是一件可能會讓我症狀復發的事

and therefore slow down the healing process,

治療過程也因此減慢，

things like bright lights and crowded spaces.

如同亮光和擁擠的空間一般的事物。

We also collected and activated power-ups.

我們也集中並且啟動能量。

This was anything I could do on even my worst day

這是一件甚至是在狀況最糟的日子裡我可能作的事情

to feel just a little bit good,

為了感覺狀況有好一點，

just a little bit productive.

富有有一點成效。

Things like cuddling my dog for 10 minutes,

事情就像抱我的狗十分鐘，

or getting out of bed and walking around the block just once.

或從床上爬起然後繞著街區走一圈。

Now the game was that simple:

那時這個遊戲就是那樣的單純:

Adopt a secret identity, recruit your allies,

挑一個秘密角色，招募你的盟友，

battle the bad guys, activate the power-ups.

打擊壞人，開啟能量。

But even with a game so simple,

但即使是遊戲如此簡單，

within just a couple days of starting to play,

只需要在一兩天內就可以開始玩，

that fog of depression and anxiety

但是意志消沉和憂慮的霧氣

went away. It just vanished. It felt like a miracle.

不見了。它就這樣消散了。這感覺像奇蹟。

Now it wasn't a miracle cure for the headaches

那時這不是一個治癒頭痛的奇蹟方式

or the cognitive symptoms.

或是針對所知症狀。

That lasted for more than a year,

那情況持續了一年以上，

and it was the hardest year of my life by far.

而且這是到目前為止我這輩子最艱辛的歲月。

But even when I still had the symptoms,

但即使我仍然有這些徵狀，

even while I was still in pain, I stopped suffering.

即使我仍然感覺疼痛，我不再感受困苦。

Now what happened next with the game surprised me.

在那時，接下來隨著遊戲發生的事情讓我感到驚訝。

I put up some blog posts and videos online,

我放了一些部落格文章和影片到網路上，

explaining how to play.

並且解釋如何玩。

But not everybody has a concussion, obviously,

但顯然的並不是每個人都有腦震盪，

not everyone wants to be "the slayer,"

不是每個人都想要當"殺手"，

so I renamed the game SuperBetter.

所以我將那遊戲名稱改為SuperBetter。

And soon I started hearing from people all over the world

而且很快的我開始聽到來自世界各地玩過那遊戲人回應

who were adopting their own secret identity,

那些人挑了他們的秘密角色，

recruiting their own allies, and they were getting "super better"

招募盟友，而且他們具備supper better

facing challenges like cancer and chronic pain,

且面對挑戰，像是:癌症，慢性病的疼痛，

depression and Crohn's disease.

意志消弭，和Crohn疾病。

Even people were playing it for terminal diagnoses like ALS.

即使正在進行像是ALS的末期治療的人們也玩此遊戲。

And I could tell from their messages and their videos

而且我可以從他們給我的訊息和他們的影片中告訴你

that the game was helping them in the same ways

這個遊戲幫助他們減輕痛苦

that it helped me.

和幫助我減輕痛苦一樣。

They talked about feeling stronger and braver.

他們提到感覺變得比較強壯和勇敢。

They talked about feeling better understood by their friends and family.

他們說感覺更受到他們的朋友和家人諒解。

And they even talked about feeling happier,

而且他們甚至說感覺更快樂，

even though they were in pain, even though they were tackling

即使他們處於痛苦中，即使他們正在面對

the toughest challenge of their lives.

他們生命中最艱辛的挑戰。

Now at the time, I'm thinking to myself, what is going on here?

那時，我自己思考著，這時發生了什麼變化?

I mean, how could a game so trivial intervene so powerfully

我意思是，一個微不足道的遊戲如何發揮這麼大的影響力

in such serious, and in some cases life-and-death, circumstances?

對於這麼嚴肅而且有時是攸關生死的情形?

I mean, if it hadn't worked for me,

我的意思是，如果這個遊戲對我的病情沒效，

there's no way I would have believed it was possible.

那麼我就不會相信它可能有這麼大的影響力。

Well, it turns out there's some science here too.

沒錯，這確實有些科學根據。

Some people get stronger and happier after a traumatic event.

在經歷了創傷的經驗後，有些人變得比較強壯和快樂。

And that's what was happening to us.

而且那就是正在發生在我身上的事。

The game was helping us experience

這個遊戲助於我們經歷

what scientists call post-traumatic growth,

科學家所說的創傷後的重生，

which is not something we usually hear about.

這不是一些我們經常聽到的字眼。

We usually hear about post-traumatic stress disorder.

我們經常聽到創傷後所引發的壓力疾病。

But scientists now know that a traumatic event

但科學家現在知道創傷的經歷

doesn't doom us to suffer indefinitely.

不會注定使我們遭受無盡的苦難。

Instead, we can use it as a springboard

取而代之的，我們可以利用它作為跳板

to unleash our best qualities and lead happier lives.

並且將我們最好一面表現出來並過著更快樂的生活。

Here are the top five things that people with

這裡有五件重要的事

post-traumatic growth say:

那些經歷創傷後重生的人所說的:

My priorities have changed. I'm not afraid to do what makes me happy.

我做事優先權改變了。我不再害怕去做那些讓我感到快樂的事。

I feel closer to my friends and family.

我感覺和我的朋友和家人變得更親近。

I understand myself better. I know who I really am now.

我更加了解我自己。我現在知道真正的自己。

I have a new sense of meaning and purpose in my life.

我對我生命的意義和目的有新的定義。

I'm better able to focus on my goals and dreams.

我更能夠去堅持我的目標和夢想。

Now, does this sound familiar?