is the movies I get to watch.

那些我因此可以看到的電影

I love sharing my favorite movies with my kids

我喜歡跟孩子分享我最愛的電影

and when my daughter was four, we got to watch "The Wizard of Oz" together.

我的女兒四歲的時候，我們看"綠野仙蹤"

Totally dominated her imagination for months.

這令她的想像力馳騁了好久

Her favorite character was Glinda, of course.

當然，她最喜歡的角色是Glinda

Gave a great excuse to wear a sparkly dress and carry a wand.

這讓她有充分的理由穿閃亮的裙子，拿仙女棒

You know, you watch a movie enough times

你知道的，當你看同一部電影很多次以後

and you start to realize how unusual it is.

你就會開始了解它的獨到之處

Now, we live today and are raising our children

現在，我們生活的時代，讓我們處在一個

in a kind of children's fantasy spectacular industrial complex.

兒童奇幻工業王國裡

But "The Wizard of Oz" stood alone, it did not start that trend.

但是"綠野仙蹤"獨排眾議，它並沒有開啟這樣的潮流

Forty years later was when the trend really caught on

40年後這樣的潮流才真正開始流行

with, interestingly, another movie that featured a metal guy and a furry guy

有趣的是，這個潮流由另一部電影開始，這當中也包括一個錫鐵人和一個毛茸茸的傢伙

rescuing a girl by dressing up as the enemy's guards.

藉由裝扮成敵人的護衛軍，拯救一個女孩(指星際大戰)

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

Do you know what I'm talking about? (Laughter)

知道我在說什麼嗎?(笑聲)

Now, there's a big difference between these two movies,

這兩部電影有個很大的不同點

a couple of really big differences between "The Wizard of Oz"

這也是"綠野仙蹤"跟我們現在看的電影相比

and all the movies we watch today.

非常不同的地方

One is there's very little violence in "The Wizard of Oz".

其中之一就是"綠野仙蹤"裡幾乎沒有暴力存在

The monkeys are rather aggressive as are the apple trees.

裡面的猴子野蠻的程度跟蘋果樹差不多

But I think if "The Wizard of Oz" were made today, the wizard would say,

但是我相信現代製作的"綠野仙蹤"中，巫師會說

"Dorothy, you are the savior of Oz that the prophecy foretold.

"桃樂絲，你是奧茲帝國預言中的救世主。

Use your magic slippers to defeat

用你的魔法鞋來抵抗

the computer-generated armies of the Wicked Witch."

壞女巫的電腦製成大軍吧。"

That's not how it happens.

事情不是這樣發生的

Another thing that is really unique about "The Wizard of Oz" to me is that

另外一項"綠野仙蹤"對我而言獨一無二的地方就是

all of the most heroic and wise and even villainous characters are female.

裡面最英勇、最有智慧、甚至最邪惡的角色都是女性

Now, I started to notice this

現在，我開始注意到這點

when I actually showed "Star Wars" to my daughter,

當我播"星際大戰"給我女兒看的時候

which was years later and the situation was different.

這是好幾年之後，情況明顯不同

At that point, I also had a son.

那個時候，我另外有個兒子

He was only 3 at the time.

他當時只有三歲

He was not invited to the screening. He's too young for that.

我們並沒有要播給他看。他那時候還太小

But he was a second child and the level of supervision had plummeted.

但是他是我們家第二個小孩，監控程度驟降

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

So, he wandered in and it imprinted on him like a mommy duck does to its duckling.

所以，他溜了進來，這部電影就像母鴨帶小鴨一樣，烙印在他的腦海裡

Is he picking up on the fact that there are only boys in the universe,

他是不是接收到這個訊息:全世界只有男生存在

except for Aunt Beru and, of course, this princess who is really cool

除了Aunt Beru和，那位很酷

but who kind of waits around through most of the movie

但是幾乎整部電影都在等待救援的公主之外

so that she can award the hero with a medal

如此一來，她才可以把獎章頒給她的英雄

and a wink to thank him for saving the universe,

並且拋個媚眼，以對他拯救全宇宙表示感謝

which he does by the magic that he was born with.

而這位英雄憑的，完全是他天賦異稟的魔力

Compare this to 1939 with "The Wizard of Oz".

將這部電影跟1939年的"綠野仙蹤"相比

How does Dorothy win her movie?

桃樂絲是如何在她的電影中戰勝的?

By making friends with everybody and being a leader.

憑著跟大家交朋友並且成為一個領袖

That's kind of the world I'd rather raise my kids in.

那是個我比較想要撫養我的孩子成長的世界

Why is there so much force, capital F Force,

為什麼有這麼多的力，大寫F的原力(星際大戰中的超自然神秘力量)

in the movies we have for our kids

存在在我們為孩子製作的電影當中

and so little Yellow Brick Road?

但是卻鮮少有那條黃磚道?(綠野仙蹤裡引領大家找尋巫師奧茲的道路)

I know from my own experience that Princess Leia did not provide

我的經驗告訴我莉亞公主(星際大戰中的公主)

the adequate context that I could've used

無法提供我可以採用的適當例子

in navigating the adult world that is co-ed.

教導孩子，成人世界其實是男女合校的

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

You know, there was a kind of first-kiss moment

你知道，總是有那個"接吻"的時刻

when I really expected the credits to start rolling

但是我其實是在期待工作人員名單出現

because that's the end of the movie, right?

因為那是電影的結尾，對吧?

I finished my quest, I got the girl, why are you still standing there? (Laughter)

我完成了我的任務，我贏得了那個女孩，你還站在那裡做什麼?(笑聲)

The movies are very, very focused on defeating the villain

這些電影非常注重打倒敵人

and getting your reward and there's not a lot of room

贏得獎賞，而沒有太多的空間

for other relationships and other journeys.

發展其他的感情和旅程

It's almost as though if you're a boy, you are a dopey animal

這幾乎就是，如果你是男孩，你就是個全然的野獸

and if you are a girl, you should bring your warrior costume.

而如果你是女孩，你就應該穿上你的勇士裝

I mean, there are plenty of exceptions

我的意思是，還是有許多例外

and I will defend the Disney princesses in front of any of you.

而我會在你們面前，幫迪士尼的公主們辯駁

But they do send a message to boys. The boys are not really the target audience.

但是她們真的會傳遞一些概念給男孩們。這些男孩們並不是目標族群

They're doing a phenomenal job of teaching girls

但是她們把女孩們教育得好極了

how to defend against the patriarchy,

她們教女孩們要如何抵抗父權社會

but they're not necessarily showing boys

但是她們並沒有告訴男孩們

how they're supposed to defend against the patriarchy.

他們要如何擺脫父權架構

There are no models for them.

沒有讓男孩效法的榜樣

And we also have some terrific women who are writing new stories for our kids.

也有些為孩子們寫新故事的傑出女性

And as three-dimensional and delightful as Hermione and Katniss are,

雖然Hermione(妙麗)和Katniss(飢餓遊戲女主角)都很立體

these are still war movies.

這些都還是戰爭電影

And, of course, the most successful studio of all time

當然，有史以來最成功的電影工廠

continues to crank out classic after classic,

繼續不斷地快速製造一個又一個的經典

every single one of them about the journey of a boy, or a man,

每一部都是關於一趟旅程中的一個男孩，或是一個男人

or two men who are friends, or a man and his son

或是一對是朋友的男人，或是一個男人和他的兒子

or two men who are raising a little girl.

或是兩個一起撫養一個小女孩的男人

Until, as many of you are thinking, this year,

直到，就像你們所想的一樣，今年

when they finally came out with Brave.

他們終於推出了"勇敢傳說"

I recommend it to all of you. It's on demand now. (Laughter)

我強力推薦給你們所有人。現在很好取得。(笑聲)

You remember what the critics said when Brave came out?

還記得影評在"勇氣傳說"上映時說了什麼嗎?

"Ahh, I can't believe Pixar made a princess movie".

"阿，真不敢相信皮克斯做了一部公主電影。"

Now, almost none of these movies passed the Bechdel test.

幾乎沒有一部電影通過Bechdel測驗

Alison Bechdel is a comic book artist and back in the mid '80s

Alison Bechdel是80年代中期的一位漫畫家

she recorded this conversation she'd had with a friend,

她錄下了跟朋友的一段談話

about assessing the movies that they saw.

內容關於如何評斷她們看過的電影

It's very simple. It's just three questions you should ask,

方法很簡單。只要問三個問題

Is there more than one character in the movie that is female who has lines?

電影裡是否有超過一位女性角色，擁有超過一句台詞以上?

So, try to meet that bar. (Laughter)

所以，請朝這個標準努力(笑聲)

And do these women talk to each other at any point in the movie? (Laughter)

這幾位女性在電影中有任何彼此交談的時刻嗎?(笑聲)

And is their conversation about something other than

而她們談話的內容是否除了她們彼此都喜歡的男生以外

the guy that they both like?

還有一些其他的東西?

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

Right? Thank you.

是吧?謝謝

(Applause)

(掌聲)

Thank you very much.

非常謝謝你們

Two women who exist and talk to each other about stuff.

電影中有兩個女人談論某件事情

It does happen. I've seen it.

這事發生過。我看過

So, let's look at the numbers.

那麼，讓我們看一下數據

2011, the hundred most popular movies.

2011年，百大熱門電影

How many of them do you think actually have female protagonists?

你們認為有多少包括女性主角?

Eleven.

11部

But there is a number that is greater than this,

但是有個數據比這個更厲害

that's going to bring this room down.

會讓整個演講廳都震驚

Last year, the New York Times published a study that the government had done.

去年，紐約時報週刊刊登了一份政府所做的研究

Here's what it said.

研究顯示

One out of five women in America say

五分之一的美國女士表示

that they have been sexually assaulted sometime in their lives.

她們曾經遭受過性騷擾

Now, I don't think that's the fault of popular entertainment.

我並不認為這是流行文化的錯

I don't think kids' movies have anything to do with that,

我不認為兒童電影跟這個有任何關係

but something is going wrong

但是明顯地某個環節出錯了

and when I hear that statistic,

而當我聽到這個數據時

one of the things I think of is, that's a lot of sexual assailants.

其中一件我想到的事情是，性騷擾犯的人數好多呀

Who are these guys? What are they learning?

這些人是誰?他們學到什麼?

What are they failing to learn?

他們又沒有學到什麼?

Are they absorbing the story that a male hero's job

他們正在吸收這樣的故事嗎?男性英雄的工作

is to defeat the villain with violence and then collect the reward,

就是用暴力打敗敵人然後接受獎勵

which is a woman who has no friends and doesn't speak?

而這個獎賞就是，一位沒有朋友也不會說話的女生?

Are we soaking up that story?

我們沉浸在這樣的故事中嗎?

You know, as a parent with the privilege of raising a daughter,

你知道，身為一個有幸有女兒的家長

like all of you who are doing the same thing,

正如你們一樣

we find this world and this statistic very alarming

我們覺得這個世界和這樣的數據令人憂心

and we want to prepare them.

我們想要為她們做好準備

We have tools at our disposal like girl power and we hope that that will help.

我們手邊有女孩當自強這樣的工具可以使用，並且希望這有所幫助

But I got to wonder, is girl power going to protect them if at the same time,

但是，我不免好奇，"女力"可以成功保護女孩們嗎?如果同時

actively or passively, we are training our sons to maintain their boy power?

有意無意間，我們繼續教導我們的兒子們維持他們的男性力量?

And I'm talking mainly to the dads here.

我主要是想跟在場的爸爸們說

I think we have got to show our sons a new definition of manhood.

我想我們應該向兒子們展示"真男人"的新定義

Now, the definition of manhood is already turning upside down.

現今，"真男人"的定義已經180度翻轉了

I mean, you've read about how the new economy

我是說，大家都讀過新型經濟

is changing the roles of caregiver and wage earner.

如何改變照顧者和養家者的角色

They are throwing it up in the air.

這些成規被拋到九霄雲外

So, our sons are going to have to find some way of adapting

所以，我們的兒子必須要找到方式適應

to this new relationship with each other.

這樣的新關係

And I think we really have to show them and model for them

而我認為我們必須要做給他們看，當他們的模範

how a real man is someone who trusts his sisters and respects them,

一個真男人應該是信任並且尊敬他的姊妹們

and wants to be on their team, and stands up against the real bad guys,

與她們同一陣線，共同對抗真正的壞人

who are the men who want to abuse the women.

也就是那些對女性施暴的人

And I think our job in the Netflix queue is to look out for those movies

而我認為，我們在Netflix的工作則是注意那些

that passed the Bechdel test, if we can find them,

通過Bechdel測驗的電影，如果真的找的到的話

and to seek out the heroines, who are there, who show real courage,

找到那些女英雄，那些展現真實勇氣

who bring people together and nudge our sons to identify with those heroines,

讓大家團結起來的女孩們，鼓勵我們的兒子認同這些女生

and to say, "I want to be on their team",

並且說，"我想跟他們一國"

because they're going to be on their team.

因為他們將會與這些人一起

When I asked my daughter who her favorite character was in "Star Wars",

當我問我女兒，誰是"星際大戰"中她最愛的角色時

you know what she said?

你知道她說什麼嗎?

Obi-Wan.

歐比王

Obi-Wan Kenobi and Glinda.

歐比王和好女巫Glinda

What do these two have in common?

這兩者有什麼共通點?

I think these are the two people in the movie who know more than anybody else

我想，這兩位是電影中比其他人都更博學的

and they love sharing their knowledge

而且他們不吝分享知識

with other people to help them reach their potential.

幫助其他人發揮潛力

They're leaders.

他們都是領袖

I like that kind of quest for my daughter,

我喜歡我的女兒踏上這樣的旅程

and I like that kind of quest for my son.

也喜歡我的兒子接受這樣的挑戰

I want more quests like that.

我希望有更多這樣的旅行

I want fewer quests where my son is told, "Go out and fight it alone"

少一點那種告訴我兒子"出走吧，獨自戰鬥吧"的使命

and more quests where he sees that it's his job to join a team,

更多冒險讓他了解，加入團隊的重要

maybe a team led by women,

也許那會是個由女孩領導的團隊

to help other people become better and be better people,

幫助其他人成為更好的人

like "The Wizard of Oz".

就像"綠野仙蹤"一樣

Thank you.

謝謝

(Applause)

(掌聲)