If you're studying for a class quiz, midterm, or final, you should take a different approach

如果你是為了課堂測驗、期中或期末考試而學習，你應該採取不同的方法。

than if you are studying for the SAT, MCAT, USMLE, or another standardized exam.

比你在學習SAT、MCAT、USMLE或其他標準化考試的時候。

Here's how to optimize performance on each.

下面就來看看如何優化各方面的性能。

Dr. Jubbal, MedSchoolInsiders.com.

朱波醫生，醫派內參網。

The fundamentals of what makes for effective studying remains relatively constant.

什麼是有效學習的根本，相對來說還是不變的。

Prioritizing techniques with spaced repetition and active recall, practice problems, and

以間隔重複和主動回憶、練習題為優先的技術，以及

flashcards should be core components of any highly effective study strategy.

閃卡應該是任何高效學習策略的核心組成部分。

But in terms of big picture planning and how you allocate your time and energy, the best

但從全局規劃和如何分配時間和精力來說，最好的是

approach differs if you're optimizing for high performance in class versus on a standardized

如果你是為了在課堂上獲得高績效而優化，那麼你的方法就會有所不同，而不是在標準化的課堂上。

exam.

考。

There are three main distinct outcomes you can optimize for, each of which will require

你可以優化三個主要的不同結果，每一個結果都需要

a slightly different approach.

略有不同的做法。

First is to optimize for a high class score, which will be the majority of instances during

首先是優化高等級分數，這將是大多數實例在

your career as a student.

你的學生生涯。

Teachers will hate me for saying this, but at Med School Insiders we're about keeping

老師們會恨我這麼說，但在醫學院內幕，我們要保持... ...

it real and cutting through the noise.

它是真實的，並通過噪音切割。

If your priority is to perform well on the test, then it's important you first understand

如果你的首要任務是在考試中取得好成績，那麼你首先要了解的是

what exactly you will be tested on to better guide your study strategy.

你到底要考什麼，才能更好地指導你的學習策略。

Most teachers hate the question, “will this be on the test?”

大多數老師都討厭 "這個會不會考 "的問題。

But asking these sorts of questions in lecture or discussion will help you determine what

但是，在講課或討論中提出這類問題將有助於你確定什麼是

is high or low yield and how to design your studying appropriately.

是高產還是低產，如何適當設計學習。

I also recommend that you speak with other students who have already taken the course.

我也建議你和其他已經學過這門課程的同學交流。

Speak to a wide range, including those that did well and those that didn't perform so

說的範圍很廣，包括表現好的和表現不好的。

hot.

熱。

Learn what worked and what didn't.

瞭解什麼是有效的，什麼是無效的。

Ask what the test type was like — multiple choice, short answer, essay based.

問考試類型是怎樣的--選擇題、簡答題、作文為主。

What sort of questions were asked?

問了什麼樣的問題？

Did the professor tend to emphasize certain parts of the course over others?

教授是否傾向於強調課程的某些部分而不是其他部分？

Were questions tricky or straightforward?

問題是棘手的還是簡單的？

And most importantly, do they have copies of previous tests for you to reference?

而最重要的是，他們是否有以前的測試副本供你參考？

This will be most useful in determining what your upcoming tests will be like.

這對於確定你即將到來的測試將是最有用的。

In my experience, optimizing for high class performance requires a willingness to dive

根據我的經驗，優化高等級的性能，需要願意潛下心來。

deep into the details of the course.

深入瞭解課程的細節。

If you want a B, having a robust understanding of the fundamentals will serve you well.

如果你想拿B，對基礎知識有一個紮實的瞭解會對你有好處。

But if you want an A or even better, to set the curve, then you'll need to study even

但如果你想拿個A甚至更好的成績，定下曲線，那麼你就需要學習更

the finer details that are relatively lower yield.

產量相對較低的細部。

If you need help figuring out how to approach this, our Study Strategies playlist will cover

如果你需要幫助弄清如何處理這個問題，我們的學習策略播放列表將涵蓋以下內容

every single approach you'll need to know.

你需要知道的每一個方法。

Next, optimizing for a standardized test.

其次，優化標準化考試。

This can be the SAT, MCAT, USMLE Step 1, Step 2CK, GRE, or a multitude of other exams.

可以是SAT、MCAT、USMLE Step 1、Step 2CK、GRE或其他眾多考試。

While the specific details of which resources to use and what schedule to follow will obviously

雖然使用哪些資源和遵循什麼時間表的具體細節顯然會有不同。

vary, the fundamentals in your approach should remain constant.

變化，但你的方法中的基本原則應該保持不變。

For each of these standardized tests, there are high quality question banks and practice

對於每一個標準化測試，都有高質量的題庫和練習。

tests that you should utilize to the fullest potential.

你應該充分利用的測試。

If I could recommend only one strategy with the greatest bang for your buck, I'd suggest

如果我只能推薦一種最划算的策略，我會建議你採用

you focus on practice questions and practice tests.

你專注於練習題和模擬測試。

Students too commonly wait too late to begin doing practice tests.

學生們太常見的是，等到太晚才開始做練習題。

They think they first need to learn the material with content review, and that if they jumped

他們認為首先要用內容複習來學習教材，如果跳到

to practice questions, it would be a waste.

來練習題，那就太浪費了。

Understand that question banks aren't just for practice and assessing your weaknesses,

要明白題庫不僅僅是為了練習和評估自己的弱項。

but also for active learning.

但也是為了主動學習。

The key to rapid performance improvement is to properly use question banks, which means

迅速提高成績的關鍵是正確使用題庫，也就是說

reviewing all questions, even the ones you got correct.

複習所有的問題，即使是你做對了的問題。

I attribute a large part of my 99.9th percentile MCAT score and high 260's Step scores to

我把我99.9百分位的MCAT成績和260分的階梯高分很大程度上歸功於

heavy usage of question banks and practice problems.

大量使用題庫和練習題。

At the beginning of your study period, spend some time on questions or practice tests and

在複習初期，要花一些時間做題或模擬測試，並進行

some time on content review and flashcards.

一些時間在內容複習和閃卡上。

As your test date approaches, shift your time allocation heavily toward practice tests,

隨著考試日期的臨近，要把時間分配大量轉移到模擬考試上。

such that over 90% of your time is either spent taking them or reviewing them.

以至於你90%以上的時間不是在考研就是在複習。

Similar to studying for class, if you want to get a 99.9th percentile score, you will

類似於上課學習，如果你想考到99.9%的分數，你會

need to know the details that are seemingly lower yield.

需要了解看似收益率較低的細節。

However, I advise you focus on learning those details in the practice test and question

不過，我建議你把重點放在學習這些細節的模擬測試和問題上。

bank setting rather than prioritizing them in content review.

庫設置，而不是在內容審查中優先考慮它們。

If you complete a high volume of these questions with proper technique and attention, you won't

如果你用適當的技巧和注意力完成了大量的此類題型，你就不會有

only learn the high yield details, but also the nuances in how the questions will actually

不僅要學習高收益的細節，更要學習真題中的細微差別。

be asked on test day.

在考試當天被問到。

This final category is primarily applicable to medical students who are at programs with

最後一類主要適用於醫學生，他們的課程有

a Pass/Fail curriculum.

a及格/不及格課程。

The important thing to remember here is that despite your competitive nature or desire

在這裡要記住的重要事情是，儘管你的競爭天性或渴望

to be #1, setting the curve here isn't actually a good use of your effort.

要想成為第一，在這裡設置曲線其實並不能很好的利用你的精力。

Rather, you should focus on passing with a healthy margin, as you never want to be below

相反，你應該專注於有健康餘地的傳球，因為你永遠不希望低於

the pass line.

通行線。

Beyond that, I advise you spend your time and energy optimizing for your boards, even

除此之外，我建議你花時間和精力去優化你的板塊，甚至是

a year and a half in advance.

提前一年半的時間。

This means designing your study plan around board prep materials.

這就意味著要圍繞板書預習資料來設計學習計劃。

If you're studying for USMLE Step 1, that translates to review books such as First Aid

如果你在學習USMLE Step 1，那就會轉化為複習書籍，如First Aid。

and question banks like UWorld.

以及UWorld等題庫。

While focusing on these board prep materials, reference your class resources to fill in

在關注這些板塊預習資料的同時，參考你的班級資源進行填報。

any additional details, but don't sweat it too much.

任何額外的細節，但不要太在意。

Again, you just need to pass the class, not get a 99%.

同樣，你只需要過關，而不是考99%。

Now that you've determined your big picture strategy between optimizing for class versus

現在，你已經確定了你的大局戰略，在優化類目和

a standardized exam, we now need to narrow down the list of resources to what will assist

標準化考試，我們現在需要將資源清單縮小到能夠幫助我們的資源。

you in obtaining the results you seek.

你在獲得你所尋求的結果。

In optimizing for class, speak to other classmates or students who have taken the course previously.

在優化上課時，可以和其他同學或以前學過該課程的同學交流。

Ask what was most helpful as a study resource.

問什麼是最有用的學習資源？

In most instances, attending lecture will be a good use of time, but I have gone over

在大多數情況下，參加講座將是一個很好的時間利用，但我已經走過了。

how to decide whether or not to skip lecture in a previous video.

如何決定是否跳過之前視頻中的講課。

Beyond that, the textbook, or sometimes the accompanying book authored by the professor,

除此之外，教材，或者有時是教授所寫的配套書籍。

will be your best bet.

將是你最好的選擇。

If you're spending a large amount of time with your nose buried in textbooks, remember

如果你花了大量的時間，把鼻子埋在課本里，請記得

to use active learning methods, not just passively reading or highlighting.

要採用主動的學習方法，而不僅僅是被動地閱讀或強調。

When it comes to notes, don't simply go off your friend's notes or other condensed

筆記的時候，不要簡單地根據朋友的筆記或其他濃縮的

summaries created by others.

其他人創建的摘要。

Proper note taking is an active learning process in which you take the more verbose textbook

適當的記筆記是一個主動學習的過程，在這個過程中，你要把比較囉嗦的課本

language which provides plenty of context, and then seek to condense it, focusing on

語，提供了大量的語境，然後設法將其濃縮，重點放在以下方面

the key points.

的關鍵點。

Since you already have the context for the information, condensing is appropriate.

既然你已經掌握了資訊的背景，那麼濃縮是合適的。

Without the context, however, reading the condensed information will not paint the full

然而，如果沒有上下文，閱讀濃縮的資料是無法描繪出完整的

picture.

畫面。

In optimizing for a standardized test, focus on the universally agreed upon high yield

在優化標準化考試的過程中，要注重普遍認同的高收益性。

resources.

資源。

For example, for the MCAT the official AAMC practice questions are the best.

比如對於MCAT來說，AAMC的官方練習題是最好的。

For USMLE, follow the UFAP protocol at minimum with UWorld, First Aid, and Pathoma.

對於USMLE來說，至少要遵循UFAP協議，有UWorld、First Aid和Pathoma。

When you go over practice questions and practice tests, be thorough in your review.

在複習練習題和模擬試題時，要全面複習。

Don't skip a question just because you got it right.

不要因為答對了就跳過一道題。

You may have gotten lucky or missed an important detail.

你可能是運氣好，或者錯過了一個重要的細節。

Review every single question, but it's fine to review questions you got correct quicker

每道題都要複習，但複習正確率較高的題也可以。

than questions you got wrong.

比你錯的問題。

A schedule optimized for class performance will look very different from one optimized

為班級績效優化的課程表與優化後的課程表會有很大不同。

for a standardized exam.

為標準化考試。

Generally speaking, most classes will have one or two midterms and a final.

一般來說，大多數班級會有一到兩次期中考試和一次期末考試。

There may also be smaller quizzes sprinkled along the way.

一路上還可能會有一些小測驗撒下。

The most common mistake to avoid is procrastinating until a couple days before the exam to study.

最應該避免的錯誤就是拖到考前幾天再去學習。

Rather, just study a little bit every day.

而是每天學習一點就好。

Leading up to each test, write out an outline of all the content that will be covered on

在每次測試之前，寫出一份大綱，列出所有將涉及的內容。

the exam.

考試。

What are the lecture numbers and respective topics?

講座編號和各自的主題是什麼？

What resources do you have?

你有什麼資源？

Are there homework assignments that you were graded on and can review?

是否有被評分的作業，可以複習？

What about practice questions from the professor or textbook or exams from previous years?

教授或教材或歷年真題的練習題呢？

Be realistic about what you can accomplish each day and be strategic in when and how

對你每天能完成的任務要有實際的認識，並對何時和如何完成有戰略意義。

you use each resource.

你使用每個資源。

Don't forget to include some buffer time as you will inevitably fall behind.

不要忘記加入一些緩衝時間，因為你難免會落後。

If you're able to get your hands on previous exams from the professor, these will be your

如果你能從教授那裡拿到以前的考試，這些將是你的。

highest yield resource, and make sure you make the most of them.

產量最高的資源，一定要充分利用。

A prior test will teach you how questions will be asked — identification versus multiple

事先的測試會教你如何提問--識別與多選。

choice versus elaboration and discussion questions.

選擇題與闡述題和討論題。

Each of these require different levels of understanding and memorization.

每一種都需要不同程度的理解和記憶。

These exams will also show you what your professor considers important, and also demonstrate

這些考試也將向你展示你的教授認為重要的東西，同時也展示了

how they will incorporate higher-order questions.

他們將如何納入更高層次的問題。

Higher-order questions require taking multiple concepts, applying each, and arriving at a

高階題需要從多個概念中提取，應用每個概念，並得出。

final conclusion.

最後結論：

For example, consider a heritable mitochondrial disease process that makes it difficult to

例如，考慮一個可遺傳的線粒體疾病過程，使其難以。

convert substrates into ATP for energy.

將底物轉化為ATP獲得能量。

These patients are weak and frail.

這些患者體弱多病。

The question may be, “Johnny is weak and frail, and therefore doesn't have the energy

問題可能是："約翰尼體弱多病，所以沒有精力。

to click the like button on this video or subscribe to Med School Insiders.

以點擊本視頻的喜歡按鈕或訂閱Med School Insiders。

Such illogical behavior can be attributed to a disease process with what mode of inheritance?”

這種不合邏輯的行為可以歸結為一種疾病過程，有什麼遺傳方式？"

You'd first have to identify what condition he has, then think of the pathophysiology

你首先要確定他得的是什麼病，然後再考慮病理生理的問題

of the disease, and finally extrapolate that because it's mitochondrial, it was maternally

的疾病，最後推斷出因為是線粒體，所以是母體的

inherited.

繼承。

Creating a plan of attack for a standardized exam is a very different ordeal.

制定標準化考試的攻堅計劃是一種截然不同的考驗。

First, know that a foundation of doing well in your prerequisite classes is one of the

首先，要知道，做好先修課的基礎是一

best ways to have a solid footing.

最好的方法，才能有一個堅實的腳步。

If you crushed your organic chemistry class, you probably won't struggle with it on the

如果你在有機化學課上考砸了，你可能就不會在考場上掙扎了。

MCAT.

MCAT：

Always start with a target test date in mind and work backwards from there.

一定要以目標測試日期為起點，並以此為起點進行倒推。

Lay out all the resources you intend to go through, and stratify them by yield from highest

把你打算通過的所有資源都列出來，按照收益率從高到低進行分層。

to lowest.

到最低。

Going through more resources and materials isn't necessarily better.

翻閱更多的資源和資料，不一定是更好的。

Prioritize getting through all the high quality practice questions and practice tests with

優先通過所有高質量的練習題和模擬測試，並通過。

enough time to get through every question and review each and every one.

有足夠的時間把每道題都做完，每道題都複習一遍。

You may want to even add bonus time to redo your incorrect questions, which is a common

你甚至可以增加獎勵時間，讓你重做錯題，這是一種常見的

tactic amongst top performing medical students preparing for USMLE Step 1 or Step 2CK.

在備考USMLE Step 1或Step 2CK的優秀醫學生中，這一戰術是最有效的。

Ensure you also allocate enough time for content review, but most students tend to spend too

確保你也分配足夠的時間來進行內容複習，但大多數學生往往會花費太多

much time on content and not enough on practice questions.

在內容上花的時間多，在練習題上花的時間少。

Begin by taking a practice test in the first 1 or 2 weeks of studying, as it's critical

在學習的前1、2周，先做一次模擬測試，因為這很關鍵。

that you understand the question style, pacing, and what the real test will be like.

你明白問題的風格，節奏，以及真正的測試將是什麼樣子。

From there, you should regularly take practice tests at increasing frequency.

從此，你應該定期進行練習測試，頻率越來越高。

If you're able to push off other obligations during this time, more power to you, but don't

如果你能在這段時間內推掉其他的義務，那就更有動力了，但不要。

overdo it.

矯枉過正。

I had roommates who wouldn't exercise or wash their dishes during crunch time, which

我有室友誰也不會運動或洗碗 在緊要關頭，這是

is suboptimal to say the least.

至少可以說是次優的。

Understand you can only study effectively and at high intensity for a certain number

明白自己只有在一定數量的情況下才能有效地、高強度地學習。

of hours per day.

每天的小時數。

You still need to take care of your body by exercising, eating well, and getting high

鍛鍊身體，吃得好，吃得高，還是要照顧好自己的身體的

quality sleep.

睡眠品質。

If you have the option to take time off from work or have a reduced course load at school,

如果你可以選擇請假或在學校減少課程負擔。

make the most of it, as this will allow you to dedicate more mental resources to performing

充分利用它，因為這將使您能夠將更多的精神資源用於執行。

well on the test.

在測試中表現良好。

I believe anyone has the ability to dramatically improve their study techniques, efficiency,

我相信任何人都有能力大幅度提高自己的學習技巧、效率。

and performance on both class exams and standardized tests.

以及在班級考試和標準化測試中的表現。

If you need help taking your performance to the next level, our team at Med School Insiders

如果您需要幫助，將您的表現提升到一個新的水準，我們的醫學院內部人士團隊將為您提供以下幫助

can help get you there.

可以幫助你達到目的。

Not only are our tutors top tier performers with top percentile scores on the MCAT, USMLE,

我們的導師不僅是MCAT、USMLE的百分制成績名列前茅的一線名師。

and other tests, but they're also phenomenal teachers as well, helping thousands of students

和其他測試，但他們也是了不起的老師，幫助成千上萬的學生。

drastically improve their performance.

大大提高了他們的業績。

Unlike other companies, we don't just take any tutors - we are insanely selective and

與其他公司不同的是，我們不會隨便招收任何講師--我們對講師的選擇非常嚴格，而且我們會對他們進行培訓。

only recruit the best.

只招最好的人

My team and I have worked tirelessly in creating the best 1-on-1 tutoring experience for future

我和我的團隊一直在不懈努力，為未來創造最好的1對1輔導體驗。

doctors.

醫生，

We've obsessed over creating the most effective and rigorous system that optimizes for one

我們痴迷於創建最有效、最嚴格的系統，優化一個人的生活。

thing – delivering results.

事----------交付成果。

If you want to crush your MCAT, USMLE, or need help doing better in any class, from

如果你想粉碎你的MCAT，USMLE，或需要幫助做更好的任何類，從。

organic chemistry or physics to cardiology or surgery and everything between, our team

從有機化學或物理學到心臟病學或外科，以及介於兩者之間的一切，我們的團隊

has got your back.

已經得到了你的支持。

Visit MedSchoolInsiders.com to learn more.

訪問MedSchoolInsiders.com瞭解更多。

What big exams do you have coming up?

你即將迎來什麼大考？

Let me know with a comment down below.

請在下面留言告訴我。

If you liked this video, hit the like button to keep the YouTube gods happy.

如果你喜歡這段視頻，請點擊 "喜歡 "按鈕，讓YouTube的大神們滿意。

And if you weren't a fan, I don't mind if you leave a thumbs down.

如果你不是粉絲，我也不介意你留個大拇指。

For more high yield study techniques that will actually improve your results, make sure

想了解更多能真正提高成績的高產學習技巧，請務必做到

you're subscribed.

你已經訂閱了。

Much love to you all, and I will see you guys in that next one.

很愛你們，我們下一場見。