Start building your website for free at squarespace.com/rll

在squarespace.com/rll開始免費建立你的網站。

and then when you are ready to launch, use your code rll to get 10% off at checkout

然後當你準備啟動時，使用你的代碼RLL在結賬時獲得10%的折扣。

Throught the course of human history, people have fought against

在人類歷史的進程中，人們一直在與之抗爭。

and killed one other for some pretty stupid reasons.

並因一些愚蠢的原因殺死了另一個人。

At least, it may seem that way

至少，看起來是這樣

from our sophisticated way of viewing things from the 21st century.

從我們21世紀複雜的看待事物的方式。

There was the time that El Salvador invaded Honduras

有一次，薩爾瓦多入侵洪都拉斯。

after a controversial football game.

在一場有爭議的足球比賽後，。

The time that the Austrian Army fought a battle with itself while drunk

奧軍在醉酒的情況下和自己打仗的時候。

and countless times when one guy thought that his religion

無數次，當一個人認為他的宗教。

or way of ruling was better than anybody else's.

或統治方式比任何人都好。

Most wars in fact could probably be argued

其實大部分的戰爭都可以論證為

were fought for stupid reasons

鷸蚌相爭，漁翁得利

But in all of my personal reading

但在我個人的所有閱讀中

I have never come across one as silly sounding

我從來沒有遇到過聽起來那麼傻的人。

as the War Of The Bucket

作為水桶戰爭

which, yeah was an entire war

其中，是的，是一個完整的戰爭

where thousands of people

千人一面

died fighting over essentially

死於非命

a wooden bucket.

一個木桶。

The setting was Northern Italy

背景是意大利北部

during the late Middle Ages.

在中世紀後期。

Italy at the time was divided into various

當時的意大利被劃分為不同的

different city states

各市州

and Northern Italy, in particular

和意大利北部，特別是

was part of the Holy Roman Empire

隸屬神聖羅馬帝國

and so the states here were mostly independent

所以這裡的州大部分都是獨立的

but technically

但在技術上

under the legions of the Holy Roman Emperor

麾下

back in Germany.

回到德國。

And since people like arguing about literally

既然人們喜歡爭論字面上的問題

anything,

任何事情。

a conflict arose in Northern Italian states

矛盾

between who had more authority.

之間誰更有權威。

the Holy Roman Emperor

神聖羅馬皇帝

or the Pope.

或教皇。

In 1176,

在1176年。

the Holy Roman Emperor invaded Italy

神聖羅馬皇帝入侵意大利

and was defeated by a bunch of city states

並被一眾城邦打敗了。

brought together by the Pope.

由教皇召集。

Over the next couple centuries

在接下來的幾個世紀裡

different states shifted around allegiances

傾國傾城

but by the 14th century

但到了十四世紀

Modena was with team Roman Emperor

摩德納是羅馬皇帝隊的

and

和

Bologna was with Team Pope.

博洛尼亞和教皇團隊在一起。

In 1296 Bologna invaded

1296年，博洛尼亞入侵

a couple of territories from Modena

來自摩德納的幾個領地

which their buddy at the Papacy

他們在教廷的夥伴

confirmed to be legitimate.

確認為合法。