Name: 雷焦艾米利亞教育 (Reggio Emilia Education)
Uploaded: 2020-11-30T20:00:19.000Z
Duration: 6 min 16 s

In response to the tragedy of World War II, people from the town Reggio Emilia

為了應對第二次世界大戰的悲劇，雷焦艾米利亞鎮的人們。

developed a new model of education. War ought to never happened again.

開發了一種新的教育模式。戰爭不應該再發生。

Led by Loris Malaguzzi, a teacher, their idea was to enhance a child's learning

在Loris Malaguzzi老師的帶領下，他們的想法是提高孩子的學習能力。

through real-life experiences instead of a fixed curriculum so that each child

通過真實的生活體驗而不是固定的課程，讓每個孩子

develops a love for discovery, forms a personality of their own and learns to

培養熱愛探索的情懷，形成自己的個性，學會

respect others. Land, money, food and skills for the first preschool were

尊重他人。第一所幼兒園的土地、金錢、食物和技能是

provided by the community. The Reggio Emilia

approach is based on the philosophy of an image of a child. All children are

方法是基於兒童形象的理念。所有兒童都是

viewed full of potential, with an innate sense of curiosity and endless

被看成是充滿潛力的，具有與生俱來的好奇心和無盡的好奇心。

imagination. They are creative, capable of constructing their own learning and they

的想象力。他們具有創造性，能夠構建自己的學問，而且他們

have a natural interest to explore while they follow their own interests they

在他們追隨自己的興趣時，他們有一種天生的探索興趣。

also stay connected with others. Adults nurture their learning by providing a

也與他人保持聯繫。成年人通過提供

rich environment and support. Instead of a one-size-fits-all curriculum Reggio

豐富的環境和支持。瑞吉歐的課程並不是千篇一律的，而是有針對性的。

Emilia uses a child centered approach and project-based learning projects can

艾蜜莉亞採用以兒童為中心的方法，項目式學習項目可

emerge anytime, for example during play. Teachers can observe and create

隨時出現，比如在遊戲中。教師可以通過觀察和創造

opportunities for new learning at a specific instance for example by opening

在特定情況下，為新的學習提供機會，例如，通過打開

up new environments, letting children raise thought-provoking questions or by

了新的環境，讓孩子們提出發人深省的問題，或通過。

inviting others to collaborate after an intervention. The children take control

在干預後邀請他人合作。兒童控制

and progress independently until the project is finished and can be shared

並獨立推進，直到項目完成，可以共享。

with others. Throughout a project children naturally embody the spirit of

與他人。在整個項目過程中，孩子們自然而然地體現出了

researchers, risk takers, designers and explorers. They make hypotheses, try new

研究者、冒險者、設計者和探索者。他們提出假設，嘗試新的

things, investigate, play and imagine. To progress

事、調查、遊戲和想象。為了進步

the explorers raise the questions, the researchers give feedback and the

探討者提出問題，研究者提供反饋意見，並在此基礎上，對問題進行探討。

designers demonstrate ideas and prototypes.

Lastly they all turn their theories into reality and construct experiments

最後，他們都把理論變成了現實，並構建了實驗。

together. The learning becomes social with endless ways to solve specific

一起學習。學習變成了社會性的，有無窮的方法來解決具體的

problems. To promote the development of creativity teaches step aside and let

問題。為了促進創造力的發展，教書匠靠邊站，讓

mistakes happen. The conflicts that can follow nurture their social skills.

錯誤的發生。之後的衝突可以培養他們的社交能力。

Because conflicts teach children to speak, to listen, to argue and to discuss,

因為衝突教會了孩子們說話、傾聽、爭論和討論。

then learn to accept different opinions and to respect others for who they are.

然後學會接受不同的意見，尊重他人的身份。

If two kids discuss a problem a third can have an idea and the entire group

如果兩個孩子討論一個問題，第三個孩子可以有一個想法，整個小組就會有一個想法

learns the value of teamwork. Teachers document projects through pictures,

學會了團隊合作的價值。教師通過圖片記錄項目。

videos or written observations. The learnings become visible in photographs,

錄像或書面觀察。學習的內容在照片中變得清晰可見。

drawings or sculptures, ideas, quotes and transcripts of conversations are put

繪畫或雕塑、想法、引文和談話記錄都被放在一起。

onto the walls. The children can later revisit their achievements, see projects

到牆上。孩子們以後可以重新審視自己的成果，查看項目。

that were left unfinished and learn that failure is part of the path to

並瞭解到，失敗是通向成功之路的一部分。

progress. They built confidence in their own abilities. But teachers aren't

進展。他們對自己的能力建立了信心。但老師不是

instructors, instead they are companions in the child's own journey of discovery.

指導者，而是孩子自己探索之旅的同伴。

They can introduce books, show new tools or offer entirely new perspectives.

他們可以介紹書籍，展示新的工具或提供全新的觀點。

However they always remain mindful not to take over the constructive learning

然而，他們始終注意不接管建設性的學習。

process knowing that this limits a child's endless imaginations and

過程中知道，這限制了孩子的無限想象力和

motivation. The children are fully in charge and develop a sense of ownership

的積極性。孩子們充分當家作主，培養了主人翁意識

of their own progress, the foundation for a love for lifelong learning. Malaguzzi

自己的進步，為熱愛終身學習打下基礎。Malaguzzi

believed that there are 100 languages children can use to express themselves:

相信孩子們可以用100種語言來表達自己。

they paint, sculpt, drum, whisper and hark they build, listen, speak or sing and

他們畫畫、雕刻、打鼓、低語和叫喊 他們建造、傾聽、說話或唱歌，以及

dance and they play, which Einstein allegedly said, is the highest form of

舞蹈和他們玩，據說愛因斯坦說，這是最高形式的。

research. Children learn from adults, other

students, the environment which is regarded as the third teacher. Rich in

學生，被視為第三位老師的環境。豐富的

materials the space is designed to spark curiosity, creation and discovery.

材料的空間設計是為了激發好奇心、創造和發現。

Ideally there is an open kitchen and big windows so the children can see what's

理想的情況是有一個開放式的廚房和大窗戶，讓孩子們可以看到什麼。

happening outside, just like at an Italian town square, a piazza, where

就像在意大利的城市廣場上一樣，在露天廣場上。

we can observe the lives of other members of our community. Parents are

我們可以觀察我們社區其他成員的生活。父母是

regarded is the last part of this education. To deepen their knowledge of a

被視為是這種教育的最後一部分。為了加深他們對一個

child centered education they are encouraged to learn from and with the

以兒童為中心的教育，他們被鼓勵學習，並與之合作。

teachers and children so when the children come home after school they can

老師和孩子們，所以當孩子們放學回家後，他們能

continue to be researchers, risk takers and explorers. Malaguzzi once said: "stand

繼續做研究者、冒險者和探索者。馬拉古茲曾經說過"站在...

aside for a while and leave room for learners, observe carefully what children

一旁，給學習者留出空間，仔細觀察孩子們的情況

do and then if you have understood well, perhaps teaching will be different from

做，然後如果你理解得很好，也許教學就會有別於

before". Maybe one day our small researchers and explorers will grow into

前"。也許有一天，我們的小研究者和探索者會成長為

Millions of students from all around the globe have watched our sprouts videos

來自世界各地的數百萬學生觀看了我們的芽菜視頻。

for better learning, thousands of teachers play them in their classrooms

為了更好的學習，成千上萬的教師在課堂上播放他們的作品

to start projects, volunteers on YouTube have translated them to over 25

志願者們在YouTube上將這些項目翻譯成超過25種語言。

languages. Our mission is to promote learning by doing in classrooms around

語言。我們的使命是在課堂上通過實踐促進學習，圍繞著

the world if you are a great explainer and a passionate teacher and you want to

世界，如果你是一個偉大的解釋者和一個充滿激情的老師，你想成為一個偉大的解釋者。

help us develop outstanding content contact us, to support our channel with a

幫助我們開發優秀的內容聯繫我們，以支持我們的管道與