Since the American Psychiatric Association is about to release their

由於美國精神病學 協會是關於釋放自己

updated version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,

更新版本的診斷和 統計手冊的精神障礙，

I thought I would make a couple videos explaining how this book works and how

我想我會做一些視頻 這本書是如何工作的，以及如何

mental disorders are created.

精神障礙被創建。

Wait? How mental disorders are created?

等待？精神障礙產生的呢？

That sounds a little funny!

這聽起來有點好笑！

Although treatments in psychiatry are biologically and medically based

雖然治療精神病學 生物學和醫學基礎

assessment and diagnosis of mental disorders

評估和診斷的精神 疾病

is not.

不是。

This means that there are no biological markers of mental illness.

這意味著不存在任何生物 精神疾病的標誌物。

There are no physiological tests or any physical test whatsoever

有沒有生理測試或任何體能測試

used to diagnose any one of the three hundred mental disorders

用於診斷的三個中任一項 幾百精神障礙

listed in this book

在這本書中列出

and there will be even more mental disorders in the upcoming edition of

屆時將會有更多的心理 在即將到來的版本疾病

this book.

這本書。

This is because there is actually no known pathology or physiological basis

這是因為，其實是沒有 已知的病理或生理基礎

for any of these "so-called" mental illnesses.

這些“所謂的”精神 疾病。

The basic assumption of psychiatry is that you can control or manage people's

精神病學的基本假設是 您可以控制​​或管理人員

behaviors

行為

biologically using physical interventions such as medications

生物利用物理 如藥物治療的干預措施

electric shock

電擊

and brain operations.

腦操作。

This is why psychiatrists even call it they do "Behavioral Management"

這就是為什麼精神科醫生甚至稱之為 他們這樣做，“行為管理”

But this is a medical practice that is achieving these changes using

但是，這是一個醫療實踐中， 實現這些變化

physical interventions.

物理干預。

So the drugs and medications alter your body chemically, and electric shock

因此，藥物和藥物改變你的身體化學，觸電

or brain operations

或腦操作

alter your body

改變你的身體

physically.

物理。

But psychiatry is really only half

但是，精神病是真的只有一半

of a medical practice.

醫療實踐。

Because the diagnosis of these mental disorders

由於診斷這些精神 疾病

is not medically based at all.

沒有醫學根據的。

Without the presence of physical diagnostic markers such as, an infection,

如果沒有存在的物理 診斷用標記物，例如，感染

or a genetic abnormality,

或基因異常，

abnormal hormone levels or clearly deformed organ structures,

激素水平異常或明顯 變形器官結構，

Psychiatry has had to borrow a diagnostic method

精神病學有借一 診斷方法

from a completely different school of psychology.

從一個完全不同的學校 心理學。

And that is the school of "Behavioral Psychology".

這是學校的“行為 心理學“。

And Behavioral Psychology of course studies behaviors.

行為心理學的課程學習行為。

So the American Psychiatric Association will take a set of related behaviors,

因此，美國精神病學協會 將一組相關的行為，

clumping them together and call it a disorder,

聚集在一起，並稱之為一個障礙，

Then the psychiatrist attempts to change or "manage" those behaviors

這時醫生試圖改變 或“管理”這些行為

through physically changing your body.

通過物理改變你的身體。

So we have one half of psychiatry, the diagnosis, which is completely

因此，我們有一半的精神病學， 診斷，這是完全

psychological.

心理。

These disorders are diagnosed strictly through clinical interview

這些障礙的診斷嚴格 通過臨床訪談

and then the other half a psychiatry,

然後將另一半精神病學，

which is medical,

這是醫療，

the physical interventions such as medications or electric shock therapy.

物理干預措施，如 藥物或電擊療法。

I'm going to go ahead and give you an example. I think make all of this

我要繼續前進，並給你舉個例子。我認為這一切

abundantly clear.

昭然若揭。

So let's look at Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

因此，讓我們來看看在注意缺陷 多動障礙

and how it's diagnosed.

以及它如何診斷。

Maybe with some kind of physical test or brain scan?

也許具有某種物理測試 大腦掃描？

No! I actually have the DSM right here and I'm gonna go ahead and read

“不！”其實，我有正確的DSM 在這裡，我會繼續讀

the diagnostic criteria

的診斷標​​準

of this mental disorder

這種精神障礙

Inattention,

注意力不集中，

one

一

Often fails to pay close attention to details and makes careless mistakes in

往往不能密切關注 細節，使粗心的錯誤

schoolwork work or other activities.

課業工作或其他活動。

2. Often has difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities.

2。經常有困難維持 注意在工作或遊戲活動。

3. Often does not seem to listen when spoken to directly.

3。通常情況下，似乎並沒有聽時 說直接。

4. Often does not follow through on instructions and fails to finish school

4。通常情況下不循經上 指示未能完成學業，

work chores or duties in the workplace

工作，家務或在工作場所的職責

not to to oppositional behavior or failure to understand directions.

不對抗行為或 不理解方向。

5. Often has difficulty organizing tasks and activities

5。往往有困難組織任務 和活動

6. often avoids dislikes or is reluctant to engage in tasks that require

6。往往迴避不喜歡或不願 從事的任務，需要

sustained mental effort such as schoolwork or homework

如持續的精神努力 功課或功課

7. Often loses things necessary for tasks or activities

7。有時會失去的東西的任務或 活動

e.g. toys,

例如玩具，

school assignments,

學校作業，

pencils,

鉛筆，

books or tools.

書籍或工具。

8. Is often easily distracted by extraneous stimuli.

8。往往容易心煩意亂無關 刺激。

and 9. Is often forgetful in daily activities.

和9。在日常生活中經常丟三落四 活動。

Now, I don't know about you guys but that sounds like me some of the time!

現在，我不知道你們，但 聽起來像我的時間！

And you only have to present

你只需要提出

6 of these 9 criteria in order to be diagnosed with Attention Deficit.

這9個標準，以 被診斷出患有注意力不足。

Disorder.

障礙。

And, I just want to point out that there is no physical test listed. There's no

而且，我只是想指出的是，有 沒有列出的體能測試。有沒有

brains scan. There's no blood test. This is simply a list of behaviors and merely

大腦掃描。有沒有血液測試。這是 一個簡單的行為列表，而只是

presenting these behaviors

提出這些行為

can land you with a diagnosis of this "mental illness".

您可以登陸的診斷 “精神病”。

There are nine more criteria

有九家標準

for the Hyperactivity Impulsivity diagnosis.

多動衝動 診斷。

And those are,

而這些，

1) Often fidgets with hands or feet or squirms in seat.

1）經常坐立不安的手或腳，或 蠕動在座位上。

2) Often leaves seat in classroom or in other situations in which remain seated

2）經常離開座位在教室或在 其他情況下，保持坐姿

is expected.

的預期。

3. Often runs about or climbs excessively in situations

3。通常運行或過度攀升 的情況下

in which it is inappropriate

在它是不合適

(in adolescents or adults, this may be limited to subjective feelings of

（青少年或成年人中，這可能是 有限的主觀感受

restlessness.

躁動不安。

4. Often has difficulty playing or engaging in leisure activities quietly

4。經常有困難玩耍或從事 在休閒活動中悄悄

5. Is often "on the go" or

5。往往是“在路上”

often acts as if "driven by a motor"

往往猶如“由電機驅動”

6. Often talks excessively

6。時常掛在嘴邊過度

7. Often blurts out answers before questions have been completed.

7。經常脫口而出的答案之前 問題已經完成。

8. Often has difficulty awaiting turn

8。往往有困難等待轉

And 9 Often interrupts or intrudes on others e.g.

9往往中斷或侵入 其他如

butts in the conversations or games.

打斷談話或遊戲。

Yea! I don't know any kids they act like that!

是啊！我不知道他們像你這樣的孩子！

I mean, climbing on something

我的意思是，攀爬的東西

when it's inappropriate to be climbing?

當它是不合適攀登？

Now these are the actual diagnostic criteria for ADHD.

現在，這些都是實際的診斷標準 多動症。

And I just have to point out one more time

我只是指出一個 時間

there is no brain scan.

有沒有大腦掃描。

There's no testing for viruses, bacteria or parasites.

有沒有檢測病毒，細菌 或寄生蟲。

There's no infection.

有沒有感染。

There's no abnormal

有沒有異常

organ size There's no abnormal hormone levels and there's not even a toxicology

器官的大小有沒有異常的激素 水平，還有的甚至沒有一個毒理學

test done

測試完成

to see if there may be some presence of toxins

以查看是否有可能會有一些存在下 毒素

causing those behaviors.

造成這些行為。

So really what we have here in terms of diagnostic criteria

因此，其實我們在這裡有什麼 診斷標準

is a list of behaviors which adults find objectionable,

是一系列的行為，成年人發現 反感，

annoying,

惱人的，

disruptive or just plain rude!

破壞或只是簡單粗暴！

Things that your grandma would have called bad manners.

你的奶奶會的事情， 所謂的壞習慣。

Like not doing your homework, screwing off instead of doing chores,

不喜歡做功課，擰 關閉，而不是做家務，

talking out of turn or fidgeting nervously in your chair.

說或坐立不安 緊張地在你的椅子。

But these are also behaviors that

但這些都還行為

really don't bother little johnny very much.

真的不小約翰非常麻煩。

He's a kid.

他是個孩子。

and if you have lots of energies molested top-ten list of play

如果你有很多的能量調戲 排名前十的播放列表

certainly rather sit in front of the xbox then do his homework

當然，而坐在前面的 的Xbox然後做功課

but these behaviors are bothersome to you the teacher

但這些行為是令人煩惱的 你的老師

and a little johnny's parents and maybe even his classmates

和一點點約翰尼的父母，也許 連他的同班同學

so as little johnny is disruptive in class we can get into some drugs to

，小約翰尼是顛覆性的 課堂上，我們可以得到一些藥物

manage his behavior

管理自己的行為

and now he's so something out on it overdose of cycle stimulants

現在他的這樣的東西出來就可以了 過量的週期興奮劑

that he finally sits down shuts up and starts to behave

他終於坐下閉嘴， 開始守規矩

but it brings up an interesting question

但它帶來了一個有趣的問題

who is this treatment really helping

這是誰真正幫助治療

are we giving johnnie these drugs for his own benefit

為了他好，我們給杜琪峰這些藥物

or just to keep him from disrupting the teacher and his class

或只是為了讓他不要再打擾老師和班級

and you'll see this occur in institutional settings as well

，你會看到這種情況發生在 機構設置

like nursing homes

像是養老院

where if one of the residence is getting out of hand

如果一個的居住 不可收拾

antipsychotics can be administered as a chemical restraint

抗精神病藥物t_v_管理作為一 化學克制

i recall seeing a story not too long ago of a man who

我記得看到一個故事，不久前 一個男人誰

kept getting up out of his bullshit

不斷地得到了他的廢話

and once this became too annoying for this fast

而一旦這成為太煩人 這個快速發展

they actually administered anti-psychotic ps

他們實際上管理 抗精神病PS

a

一

major tranquilizers

主要的鎮靜劑

in order to keep him in his chair

為了保持他在他的椅子

hopefully

希望

going over the diagnostic criteria for each d made it very clear to you that

超過的診斷標準 每個d你說得很清楚，

eighty eight's diva is diagnosed

88的Diva診斷

based strictly on behaviors and contact

根據嚴格的行為和聯繫方式

not some biological medical condition this is just about the way that people

一些生物醫學條件 這是差不多的方式，人

are behaving

現在的表現

and if it's not clear enough then let's move on to our next example

如果它的不夠清楚，然後讓 移動到下一個例子

mental disorder number three hundred and fourteen point nine

精神障礙300 14點九

conduct disorder

品行障礙

which is characterized by being aggressive towards people are animals

它的特徵在於 攻擊人的動物

destruction of property lying stealing

的躺在偷竊財產的破壞

and other serious blow violations like sneaking out of the house

和其他嚴重打擊違規行為，如 偷跑出來的房子

running away from home

離家出走

or skipping school

或逃學

so if you brian and so the magnifying glass gideon fights at school scraping

所以，如果你和Brian所以放大鏡 玻璃吉迪恩在學校刮戰鬥

fifty d in anatomy

50 d的解剖

for steel energy drinks from the seven-eleven

鋼鐵能量飲料 7-11

then you have a mental disorder called conduct disorder

那麼你有一個心理障礙 品行障礙

and i'm not making this stuff up

和我不是做這個東西了

these really are the criteria for being diagnosed with this mental helmets

這些真正的標準是 這種精神頭盔與診斷

now certainly that is some disorderly conduct

現在這肯定是一些無序 進行

but i just have to reemphasize that we're talking about behavior

但我必須再次強調， 我們正在談論的行為

in making an assumption about somebody's brain

在假設某人的 大腦

based solely on for their conduct and behavior

僅僅基於他們的行為和 行為

is a little asap words

是一個小的盡快話

and i'm sure that some of you can remember when you look back on your

我敢肯定，你們中的一些可以 記住，當你回頭看你的

childhood times that you skipped school snuck out of the house lives shoplifted

童年時代，你翹課 悄悄的房子住shoplifted

or shape the whiskers off the cat

或塑造關閉貓的鬍鬚

and most of us would have called this being naked or getting in trouble

我們大多數人把這種現象稱之為 是赤身露體，或惹上麻煩

and the biological treatment that most of us thought was a spanking

和生物處理，最 我們認為是一個非常好的

and this brings up an interesting point

這帶來了一個有趣的問題

when we punish a child or or arrest an adult

當我們懲罰孩子或拘捕 成人

we do so under the pretext that they are responsible for their actions

我們這樣做，他們的藉口 對自己的行為負責

and so we're teaching that there is some personal responsibility associated with

所以我們教學，有一些 與個人責任

the things we do

我們所做的事情

and that some of our behaviors will have certain consequences

和我們的行為將有 某些後果

but the philosophy of psychiatry is diametrically opposed to this idea of

但精神病學的哲學 這個想法截然相反的

personal responsibility

個人責任

once johnnie is diagnosed and labeled

一旦杜琪峰的診斷和標記

he's no longer responsible for his behavior

他不再負責他的 行為

his behavior resolved into his mental illness

他的精神他的行為分解成 疾病

is somehow because johnnie has a disease even though he has no infection

不知何故，因為杜琪峰有一種疾病 儘管他有沒有感染

or that his brain is defective

或者，他的大腦是有缺陷的

even though there are no detectable abnormalities

即使有沒有可檢測到 異常

this somehow

這不知何故

not able to control his behavior

無法控制自己的行為

and the only way to actually control is behavior

而只有這樣，才能實際控制 行為

this with psychotropic drugs

這與精神藥物

parents who have gone down this route where their child receives a diagnosis

父母已經沿著這條路線 他們的孩子接受診斷

often encountered this problem

經常遇到這樣的問題

because children are smart and kind of sneaky about getting out of trouble

因為孩子是聰明的，種 鬼鬼祟祟的約失控的麻煩

or doing nadi things in in finding ways to not get in trouble for them

或做納迪的東西，想盡辦法 他們不惹上麻煩

you might have a situation where the votes johnnie stands up in class

你可能會遇到這樣的情況 投票杜琪峰在課堂上

indus

工業

circuit

線路

and tells the teacher and it wasn't me

並告訴老師，這是不是我

it was my turn

輪到我了

syndrome

綜合徵

so you have a situation where the mental ellis is being blamed for the behavior

所以你必須的情況下精神 埃利斯是被指責的行為

or maybe a little johnny causes cancer that trying to do his homework buddies

或者一個小約翰尼會導致癌症 試圖做他的功課好友

eighty agency

80機構

was prevented him from finishing

阻止了他完成

so psychiatry really is just behavioral management

所以精神病學真的只是行為 管理

it's social conformity in the form of the pedal

這是社會整合的形式 踏板

so you can take square pegs and put them in the round holes

所以你可以把方釘，並把它們 在圓孔

by rounding off it ads is using psychotropic drugs

，由四捨五入它的廣告使用的是 精神科藥物

but it really is the lack of a any biological pathology it will be the

但它確實是缺乏一個任何 生物病理學，這將是

ultimate downfall of psychiatry

最終倒台的精神病學

because you can't take a diagnostic methods and that is sheerly

因為你不能把一個診斷 方法，純屬

psychological and based on the figure

心理和基於該圖

and couple it with a treatment method which is physical

和情侶的治療方法 這是物理

and expect to have it any kind of good results

並期望有什麼樣的好 結果

in this video we talked about you need to do your conduct disorder

在這個視頻中，我們談到了你需要的 做你的品行障礙

and in a future video i'm going to come down the top ten most ridiculous

在未來的視頻我要來 下十大最可笑

mental disorders

精神障礙

prettier tell conflicted about something

漂亮告訴你的東西發生衝突

have you ever felt pouring between two different things

你有沒有覺得澆兩 不同的事情

the teacher video we're going to talk about the same college he had inner

我們要談的老師視頻 他有內在的同一所大學

conflict

衝突

and how you can overcome that inner turmoil

你如何克服自己的內心 動盪

thank you so much for watching this video i hope you liked it and you will

謝謝你這麼多的看著這 視頻我希望你喜歡它，你會

share it with your friends

它與你的朋友分享

be sure to give me a thumbs up

請務必給我豎起了大拇指

and friend asked on the face mask

朋友問面罩

we've all heard that depression is caused by a chemical imbalance in the

我們都聽過，抑鬱症是 在所造成的化學不平衡

brain but is a trail

大腦卻是一個線索

check out my video

看看我的視頻

depression and your brain

抑鬱症和你的大腦

as c_n_n_'s we all have basic needs

，作為c_n_n_我們都有著基本的需求，