I'm your host, Tim Simmons, and today I want to finish off our look at

the top 10 essential business English skills.

In our last lesson, I focused on small talk and English conversation skills such as expressing

opinions, asking questions, rejecting ideas, and getting action.

Of course, “conversation” is what comes to mind when someone talks about language skills.

But a lot of our English communication is not conversation, per se.

Your skill set has to include a lot more than expressing opinions, agreeing, disagreeing,

and making small talk.

Imagine for a second that you're delivering a presentation in English or conducting a

training session.

What kind of skills do you need in those situations?

Well, one thing you need to master is talking about how something happens or how something

is done.

By that I mean describing a process or giving instructions.

The key skill here is what we call sequencing, or putting your ideas in a logical order and

making that order clear to your audience.

To do this, you might use simple words like “first,” “second,” “third,” “next,”

and “finally.”

But you might also use expressions like “at this point,” “meanwhile,” and “subsequently.”

Using this kind of language helps you organize your ideas, and you'll be less likely to

lose your audience.

Connecting words aren't limited to processes and instructions.

Adept English speakers will use all sorts of words to connect their ideas and structure

a good argument.

Think about proposing an idea to your boss.

Will you rattle on and hope he picks up the thread of what you're trying to say?

Or will you present a cohesive and persuasive argument using expressions like “because

of this,” “therefore,” “nevertheless,” and “furthermore?”

Now I am not suggesting that you pepper your speech with these kinds of words just to sound

intelligent.

There's a time and place for these formal expressions.

But the importance of organizing your ideas holds true in any situation.

And in more casual circumstances, you can simply rely more on simpler words like “and,”

“but,” and “so.”

Besides presentations or training, another important situation with a special skill set

is bargaining, or negotiating in English.

And I'm not just talking about high-level talks on corporate partnerships or negotiating

a major business deal.

Any situation that involves give and take, cooperation, or compromise involves a kind

of bargaining.

Maybe you and a colleague are trying to design a website together.

Or you and your boss are trying to figure out a work schedule.

Or you are trying to get two of your employees to agree on a project budget.

These are all situations that demand bargaining skills.

You need to acknowledge both sides and propose trade-offs.

Often this requires you to make conditional sentences, using words like “if,” “unless,”

and “as long as.”

And if those statements are hypothetical, you'll have to make sure you get a handle

on important helping verbs like “would” and “could.”

Okay, I've talked a lot today about organizing your ideas, and about situations that require

clarity of information.

This brings me to another essential skill: summarizing.

What happens after you've presented a clear and logical argument, or you've negotiated

a compromise in a meeting?

Well, you need to ensure everyone can latch on to the main ideas.

That's when you summarize.

You might hear a summary introduced with expressions like “to sum up,” or “let's recap

briefly.”

But the real skill is figuring out what those main ideas or points are and then stating

them concisely.

You can't repeat everything that was said verbatim.

You need to distill only what is essential and paraphrase ideas appropriately.

Now before I do exactly that with my own ideas for this lesson, I've got one more essential

but challenging skill for you: speaking clearly.

You probably know some people who seem to just have a knack for clear speech.

But it's not just innate talent.

You can learn to sound clear too, if you put in the time and effort.

So practice correct pronunciation.

Try to enunciate clearly, even when it doesn't feel natural for your mouth to make certain

shapes or sounds.

It gets easier with practice.

But if you mumble, or don't make the effort to try to produce the right sounds and intonation,

then it doesn't matter what you say, because people won't be able to understand you.

Now how about that summary?

I've covered five essential skills for every ace English speaker.

First, there's the ability to present a sequence or step-by-step instructions.

Next is the skill of connecting your ideas logically.

Then there's bargaining and summarizing.

And finally, you need to work on your pronunciation and intonation.

That's all for today.

So long.

And happy learning!