In the north east of England, where  the freezing waters of the North  

在英格蘭的東北部，北冰洋的冰凍水在那裡

Sea meet the Yorkshire coast, the fishing town  of Whitby nestles between the surrounding cliffs.

海水與約克郡海岸相接，惠特比的釣魚小鎮坐落在周圍的懸崖峭壁之間。

Whitby emerged as a fishing port in the  Middle Ages, while the sparkling black  

惠特比在中世紀作為漁港出現，而閃閃發光的黑

jet embedded in the rock here was mined  by both the Romans and the Victorians.  

嵌在這裡岩石上的噴氣機是羅馬人和維多利亞人開採的。

Above the picturesque roofs of the  town, on top of the east cliff,  

在風景如畫的小鎮屋頂之上，在東面的懸崖之上。

a soaring gothic ruin is silhouetted  against the skyline: Whitby Abbey.

高聳的哥特式廢墟在天際線的襯托下顯得格外醒目。惠特比修道院

This imposing structure has been an important  religious site for over 1000 years and its  

這座宏偉的建築1000多年來一直是重要的宗教場所，它的

towering arches and turrets still retain  all the drama and solemnity of that history.

高聳的拱門和炮塔仍然保留著那段歷史的所有戲劇性和莊嚴性。

Whitby Abbey dominates a rocky headland  here in this part of the Yorkshire coast.  

惠特比修道院在約克郡海岸的這個地方，佔據了一個岩石岬角。

But what we see today are the remain of a  Benedictine abbey founded initially around  

但我們今天所看到的是一座本篤會修道院的遺蹟，它最初是圍繞著本篤會建立的。

1078 by a Norman soldier who actually fought with  William the Conqueror at the Battle of Hastings.  

1078年，由一名諾曼阿兵哥在黑斯廷斯戰役中實際與征服者威廉作戰。

But the roots of this place go much further back.  

但這個地方的根基可以追溯到更遠的地方。

The soldier when he came here was moved  by the remains of a much earlier religious  

當阿兵哥來到這裡時，他被更早的宗教遺蹟所感動。

house on this site and this is one that had been  founded by the formidable Northumbrian abbess,  

這座房子是由強大的諾森比亞女修道院長建立的。

Hild in 657. Unfortunately nothing is  now visible of this much earlier minster.  

希爾德在657年。遺憾的是，現在已經看不到這個更早的大臣了。

Whitby came to prominence shortly after in 664  when a great meeting, a Synod, was held here to  

664年後不久，惠特比開始嶄露頭角。

decide upon the method for calculating Easter.  There were two schools of thought. There was the  

決定復活節的計算方法。 當時有兩派觀點。一派是

local Celtic tradition and then the Roman European  one. In the end the decision was made to follow  

當地凱爾特人的傳統，然後是羅馬歐洲的傳統。最後決定遵循

the Roman method and this is what we follow to  this day and personally I love the fact that  

羅馬法，這也是我們至今所遵循的，我個人很喜歡這個事實。

our year is still very much shaped by decisions  that were taken here more than 1300 years ago.

我們的一年仍然是由1300多年前在這裡做出的決定所決定的。

Looking at the ruins here and  the dramatic clifftop setting,  

看著這裡的廢墟和懸崖頂的戲劇性環境。

it's easy to see why this place has inspired  such religious reverence over the centuries.  

這就不難理解為什麼幾個世紀以來，這裡會激發出如此的宗教崇敬。

But it's also been a site of poetic inspiration.  The Anglo-Saxon monastery is supposedly where  

但它也曾是一個充滿詩意的地方。 盎格魯-撒克遜修道院據說就是在這裡。

the first named English poet Caedmon had  his divinely inspired artistic awakening.

第一個被點名的英國詩人凱德蒙有了神來之筆的藝術覺醒。

Whitby is filled with legends. Some are  centuries old and linked to the abbess Hild,  

惠特比充滿了傳奇。有些傳說已經有幾個世紀的歷史了，而且與希爾德女修道院長有關。

others are part of the local folklore such as the  'barghest' or ghostly black dog who's said to roam  

其他的則是當地民間傳說的一部分，如 "barghest "或鬼魂黑狗，據說他在這裡遊蕩。

the local area. Those who see the dog are destined  to die soon after. But in more recent times the  

的地方。見到狗的人，註定會很快死去。但在近代

Abbey and the town have been associated  with another dark figure: Count Dracula.

Abbey和這個鎮子一直與另一個黑暗的人物聯繫在一起。德古拉伯爵

In Bram Stoker's novel, Dracula arrives in Britain  on a ship that runs aground off Whitby. He takes  

在布拉姆-斯托克的小說中，德古拉乘坐一艘在惠特比附近擱淺的船抵達英國。他以

the form a large dog, a reference to the barghest  perhaps, when he first comes ashore. And Whitby  

形狀像一隻大狗，也許是指第一次上岸時的巴格斯特。而惠特比

is the setting for some of the most haunting  scenes in the book and these associations have  

是書中一些最令人難忘的場景的背景，而這些聯想已經

most definitely stuck. Stoker came on holiday  to Whitby in 1890, a few years before writing  

最肯定的堅持。斯托克在1890年來到惠特比度假，幾年前就寫下了這本書

Dracula and it was in the public library here that  he found a book referring to Vlad the Impaler,  

德古拉，就在這裡的公共圖書館裡，他發現了一本提到弗拉德-穿刺者的書。

or Vlad Dracula, a 15th-century prince from  what is now Romania. Whitby's role both in  

或弗拉德-德古拉，一個來自現在羅馬尼亞的15世紀王子。惠特比的角色無論是在

terms of the setting and the inspiration  of Dracula really cannot be underplayed.  

就德古拉的背景和靈感而言，真的不能少。

For centuries the abbey itself was used as  a seamark, a navigational aid for seafarers,  

幾個世紀以來，修道院本身被用作海標，為海員提供導航幫助。

and that ship that brought Dracula to Britian  is thought to be based on an actual shipwreck  

而那艘把德古拉帶到不列顛的船 被認為是根據真實的沉船而來的

that occurred here in the 1880s. This  has always been a dangerous coast.

19世紀80年代在這裡發生的。這裡一直是一個危險的海岸。

Over the centuries generations of  sailers would have departed from Whitby,  

幾個世紀以來，一代又一代的水手從惠特比出發。

and for some, the sight of  the abbey's steep arches  

而對一些人來說，看到修道院的陡峭的拱門

jutting out from the clifftop would have  been their last glimpse of English shores.  

從懸崖頂突出來的，會是他們最後一次看到英國的海岸。

The Whitby Lad, immortalised in this local  traditional song, sung for us by Fay Hield,  

惠特比小夥子，在這首當地傳統歌曲中得到了永生，由Fay Hield為我們演唱。

would certainly have known what it felt like  to bid farewell to England in this manner.  

肯定會知道以這種方式告別英國的感覺。

The song tells the tale of a boy  born on the wrong side of the tracks,  

這首歌講述了一個出生在錯誤軌道上的男孩的故事。

who is sentenced to transportation to an English  penal colony in Australia. His journey to Botany  

他被判處運送到澳洲的一個英國刑罰殖民地。他的旅程是去往植物園

Bay began here in Whitby and we can imagine  him peering back over the side of the boat  

灣在惠特比開始，我們可以想象他從船的側面向後看。

as the silhouette of the abbey  gradually fades into the horizon.

當修道院的輪廓逐漸消失在地平線上時。