We're going to talk about how to use 'these' and 'those'.

Okay.

Uhhh, just like we learned with 'this' and 'that',

we use 'these' and 'those' to talk about nouns that are close to us

or far from us.

Okay.

So, let's take a look at the board.

Now, we know if there is just one,

and it's close to us,

we say, “This is a flower”.

Okay.

But there's more than one.

It's plural.

So we have to say, “These”.

“These are flowers.”

Again, more than one.

Now, I change the 'be' verb to 'are'

and I added an 's' at the end of 'flower'.

So, “These are flowers.”

Okay.

Now, there's one that's far away.

We say, “That is a flower.”

But, again, there's more than one.

There are two flowers.

So, in that case, we use, “Those are flowers.”

“Those are flowers.”

They're far away.

“Those are flowers.”

Let's look at these.

“This is a marker.”

“These are markers.”

“That is a marker.”

“Those are markers.”

Okay.

Let's move on to the next part.

So we know “These are flowers”.

They're close by.

And for the flowers that are far away, we say,

“Those are flowers”.

Okay.

But over here we have 'chairs'.

So, we have to use the negative.

Okay.

We use the contraction 'aren't'

which is short for 'are not'.

“These aren't flowers.”

“These aren't flowers.

Okay, and for the chairs that are far away,

we say, “Those aren't flowers”.

“Those aren't flowers.”

Okay, and let's try with the markers.

“These aren't pens.”

“These aren't pens.”

Okay, and far away.

“Those aren't pens.”

“Those aren't pens.”

Okay, let's move on to the next part.

Okay, now we're going to make some questions.

We know, “These are flowers”.

When you want to make a question, you have to change

'these are' and put the 'be' verb first.

So, it becomes, “Are these flowers?”.

“Are these flowers?”

And the answer is “Yes, they are.”

Okay, now the flowers are far away.

So we say, “Are those flowers?”.

“Are those flowers?”

And again, the answer is “Yes, they are.”

Okay. Now here, we have chairs.

“Are these flowers?”

The answer is “No, they aren't.”

Okay, now they're far away.

“Are those flowers?”

And again, the answer is “No, they aren't.”

How about these? “Are these markers?”

“Yes, they are.”

“Are those markers?”

“Yes, they are.”

“Are these pens?”

“No, they aren't.”

“Are those pens?”

“No, they aren't.”

Okay, so in this video, we learned how to use 'these' and 'those'.

I hope you guys understand and I'll see you in the next video.

Bye.