...should be much better known than she is.

...應該比她的知名度高得多。

Scientists admire the great determination and skill

科學家們很佩服他們的巨大決心和技能

which has always been the mark of your work.

這一直是你工作的標誌。

She was a highly intelligent, highly focused scientist.

她是一位高度聰明、高度專注的科學家。

She would keep going, whatever the difficulties.

無論有什麼困難，她都會堅持下去。

You just solve the next small problem

你只是解決了下一個小問題

and eventually the whole problem will crack.

並最終使整個問題破裂。

Involving what can only be described as gifted intuition.

涉及到只能被描述為天賦的直覺。

She was a peace lover. She believed in solving problems

她是一個熱愛和平的人。她相信解決問題的方法

by dialogue and not by confrontation.

通過對話而不是對抗來實現。

In recognition of your services to science...

為了表彰你對科學的貢獻...

She's the only British woman scientist ever to have won

她是有史以來唯一的英國女科學家。

a Nobel prize...

一個諾貝爾獎...

...For chemistry.

...對於化學。

What was it about Dorothy that made is possible

桃樂絲是什麼原因使其成為可能？

for her to achieve

為她實現

the things she did,

她所做的事情。

at a time when so few women had those opportunities?

在一個很少有婦女有這些機會的時代？

Dorothy was born in Cairo,

桃樂絲出生在開羅。

her father was very interested in archaeology

她的父親對考古學非常感興趣

as was her mother.

她的母親也是如此。

If there was a dig, archaeological dig, she would try and join in.

如果有挖掘，考古挖掘，她會試著加入進來。

She also had this amazing ability

她還擁有這種驚人的能力

for recognising patterns and symmetry,

用於識別圖案和對稱性。

and her notebooks show that, from when she was really quite young.

她的筆記本顯示，從她真正相當年輕的時候開始。

When World War One broke out,

第一次世界大戰爆發時。

Dorothy and her then two sisters

桃樂絲和她當時的兩個姐妹

were brought back to England.

被帶回了英國。

She was essentially left

她基本上是被留在

as the head of the family.

作為一家之主。

She had to worry about whether there was enough money in the bank account.

她不得不擔心銀行賬戶中是否有足夠的錢。

Her interest in chemistry

她對化學的興趣

started when she was only about the age of 10,

從她只有10歲左右的時候開始。

when she went to a little tiny primary school

當她在一所小規模的小學就讀時

where they grew crystals

他們在那裡生長晶體

and she said herself, "I was captured for life

她自己說："我被抓了一輩子

by chemistry and by crystals."

通過化學和晶體"。

When Dorothy was in her teens,

當多蘿西十幾歲的時候。

one of the discoverers of x-ray crystallography

X射線晶體學的發現者之一

talked about this technique

談到了這種技術

that allows you to see where the atoms are in the molecule

可以讓你看到分子中的原子位置

and how they're arranged in space,

以及它們在空間中的排列方式。

and so she read about being able to see atoms

是以，她讀到了關於能夠看到原子的內容

and said to herself there and then, "That's what I want to do."

並在那時對自己說："這就是我想做的事。"

In lectures she was extremely well-known

在講座中，她是非常著名的

for seemingly having gone to sleep,

因為似乎已經入睡了。

and yet at the end, Dorothy would ask the most piercing question.

然而在最後，多蘿西會問一個最刺耳的問題。

She clearly wasn't asleep.

她顯然沒有睡著。

What personal qualities have helped you in the work?

哪些個人素質對你的工作有幫助？

In some ways, I suppose, a certain kind of foolhardiness

在某些方面，我想，某種愚蠢的行為

for going on, doing things

繼續前進，做事情

that other people don't expect is quite possible to do.

其他人沒有想到的，是很有可能做到的。

I think a lot of girls grow up with a sense

我認為很多女孩在成長過程中都有一種感覺

that they don't have the permission to do things they might want to do.

他們沒有權限去做他們可能想做的事情。

One of the characteristics that Dorothy's upbringing gave her

多蘿西的成長經歷賦予她的一個特點是

was a tremendous sense of agency.

是一種巨大的代理感。

When she got married,

她結婚的時候。

she was asked to stand down from her fellowship at college.

她被要求從大學的獎學金中退學。

Eventually this was changed,

最終，這一點被改變了。

and she also managed to be awarded maternity leave.

而且她還設法獲得了產假。

She was the first woman to have that at the University of Oxford.

她是第一個在牛津大學擁有這個的女性。

It paved the way for other women

它為其他婦女鋪平了道路

who wanted to have a fulfilled scientific life

希望有一個充實的科學生活的人

and also to have a family.

而且也要有一個家庭。

After Dorothy's first child was born,

在多蘿西的第一個孩子出生後。

she suffered an attack of acute rheumatoid arthritis

她的急性類風溼性關節炎發作了。

and left her with distorted hands and feet.

並給她留下了扭曲的手和腳。

As she got older, the arthritis did recur

隨著她年齡的增長，關節炎確實復發了

but she didn't let it hold her back.

但她並沒有讓它阻礙她。

Dorothy was very much engaged in international issues

桃樂絲非常關注國際問題

and so she was vehemently opposed to the war in Vietnam

是以，她強烈反對越南戰爭。

and indeed visited north Vietnam.

並確實訪問了越南北部。

She did travel extensively and she made a point of visiting,

她確實走了很多地方，她還特意去看了看。

first of all, the Soviet Union, and subsequently China.

首先是蘇聯，然後是中國。

It was the height of the Cold War, but scientific relations continued

當時正值冷戰時期，但科學關係仍在繼續

and she was always very keen to make contact.

而且她總是非常熱衷於進行接觸。

Internationalism was a very big part of her make-up.

國際主義是她的一個非常重要的組成部分。

Dorothy remains the only woman scientist

桃樂絲仍然是唯一的女科學家

in this country to win a Nobel prize.

在這個國家獲得諾貝爾獎的人。

The determination of the structure of vitamin B12

維生素B12結構的確定

has been considered the crowning triumph

一直被認為是最重要的勝利

of x-ray crystallographic analysis.

的X射線晶體學分析。

The Daily Mail ran the headline

每日郵報》的標題是

'Housewife wins Nobel prize'.

家庭主婦獲得諾貝爾獎"。

The reaction of newspapers in the 60s

60年代報紙的反應

whenever women achieved anything

每當婦女取得任何成就

was absolutely appalling.

是絕對令人震驚的。

Dorothy's influence on modern medicine

桃樂絲對現代醫學的影響

is almost incalculable.

幾乎是不可估量的。

All the problems that Dorothy chose to work on

桃樂絲選擇工作的所有問題

were problems that would contribute

是問題，這將有助於

to a better understanding of the body in health and disease.

以更好地瞭解健康和疾病中的身體。

Penicillin. The knowledge of its structure was enormously important

青黴素。對其結構的瞭解具有極大的重要性

in the Second World War.

在第二次世界大戰中。

Its structure was not understood until she solved it.

直到她解決了這個問題，人們才明白其結構。

It enabled doctors to use materials that had been synthesised

它使醫生能夠使用已經合成的材料。

in a laboratory and apply those to the sick patients.

在實驗室裡，把這些東西應用於生病的病人。

The way in which those drugs are made now

現在製造這些藥物的方式

rely a lot on the structure that Dorothy determined.

在很大程度上依賴於桃樂絲確定的結構。

She gave the impression

她給人的印象是

to those who didn't know her perhaps

對那些不認識她的人來說，也許

of being a frail old lady, which of course she wasn't.

她是一個虛弱的老太太，當然她不是。

There was nothing frail

沒有任何虛弱的東西

about Dorothy's mind, attitude, kindness and so on.

關於多蘿西的思想、態度、善良等等。

Dorothy should be remembered for blazing a trail, really,

桃樂絲應該因為開闢了一條道路而被記住，真的。

for showing that women can be scientists

表明婦女可以成為科學家

and not only be scientists, but be extremely successful scientists.

並且不僅是科學家，而且是極其成功的科學家。

She gave to the world the knowledge

她把知識傳給了世界

but also the way to do it,

但也是做這件事的方法。

the determination not to give up.

不放棄的決心。

If you know and think you can do it, keep working at it.

如果你知道並且認為你能做到，就繼續努力。

And if that's not the definition of exceptional,

而如果這不是例外的定義。

I'm not sure what is.

我不確定什麼是。

Thank you, Doctor Hodgkin.

謝謝你，霍奇金醫生。