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  • Valentine's Day

  • Is it a time for romance?

  • Or just a way for companies to sell flowers and cards?

  • Listen, we can't tell you if that special someone loves you or loves you not.

  • This is just a video asking you to watch it.

  • It's the seven things you didn't know about Valentine's Day.

  • In ancient Roman times,

  • Valentine was a very popular name and there are several stories of St. Valentinian martyrdom.

  • According to one tradition,

  • the Roman Emperor Claudius II declared that Roman soldiers were not allowed to marry and then made weddings illegal.

  • A Christian priest named Valentine found this to be quite a buzzkill and continued to perform marriages in secret.

  • According to another story, a different Valentine was imprisoned for helping Christians and fell in love with the jailer's daughter.

  • He signed his final letter to her, "Love, your Valentine."

  • Apparently, they were both beheaded on February 14th.

  • Some say the church scheduled the Feast of Saint Valentine during the pagan festival of Lupercalia in an attempt to Christianize the sexy holiday,

  • which included spanking women with goatskin to promote fertility in the coming year.

  • However, the most direct descendant of our modern Valentine's Day that's associated with love and romance is from English poet Geoffrey Chaucer.

  • In 1375, he wrote "Parliament of Fowls," which contained the line,

  • "For this was on St. Valentine's Day, when every bird comes there to choose his mate."

  • Inspired, the nobles of the 1400s began writing poems to their love interests as valentines,

  • a brutal practice at the time, because it would take weeks to know if they'd been ghosted.

  • Although you may recognize them more from their eggs during Easter,

  • give the Cadbury chocolate company a rose for creating the match made in heaven, V-Day and chocolate.

  • Founded in Birmingham, England, in 1824 by John Cadbury, who was a Quaker,

  • the company was originally a coffee and tea manufacturer,

  • John hoping that his drinks would serve as an alternative to alcohol.

  • Drinking chocolates were all the rage back then.

  • And during the 1860s, Cadbury sold 16 varieties of the stuff.

  • The main byproduct was cocoa butter, which Cadbury began selling as "eating chocolates,"

  • chocolate-covered nougats, bonbons, caramels and more.

  • In a red-hot marketing move to promote their variety of chocolates,

  • John's son Richard sold them in heart-shaped boxes so that even when the chocolates were gone,

  • people could save the box to keep their memories and valentines.

  • Chocolate was already viewed as essential indulgence,

  • but this got the world's sweet tooth hot and bothered in a whole new way.

  • We already know that Chaucer was the first to start a centuries-long tradition

  • of students handing out cartoon-clad notes to their whole fourth-grade class and inspiring those magical 11 words:

  • "You bought this card at CVS on your way home, didn't you?"

  • But the oldest known Valentine as we would recognize it came in 1415 from the romantic confines of prison.

  • Charles, Duke of Orleans, referred to his wife, Bonne of Armagnac, as his "valentine" in a letter he wrote to her

  • while he was imprisoned in the Tower of London during the Hundred Years' War.

  • Translated to English, Charles' poem reads...

  • "My very gentle Valentine,

  • Since for me you were born too soon,

  • And I for you was born too late.

  • God forgives him who has estranged

  • Me from you for the whole year.

  • I am already sick of love,

  • My very gentle Valentine."

  • So, less a valentine and more the lyrics of an emo band from 2003,

  • but still pretty good for the Middle Ages.

  • In a not-so-happy ending, Charles was imprisoned for 25 years and Bonne died before he was released.

  • Turns out the practice of trolling in the comments section far predates the Internet, all the way back to the Victorian era.

  • Back in the 1800s, in addition to the valentine sent as a profession of love,

  • people would send vinegar valentines, often anonymously, to people they didn't like.

  • The sentiments ranged from a lighthearted jab to seriously harsh.

  • Scorned lovers would call out liars, cheaters, and alcoholics.

  • Others insulted their enemy's intelligence or physical attributes.

  • Many of the day's suffragettes received vinegars by the bagaload.

  • Mailing valentines was so popular that British postal workers were given special meal allowances

  • to keep them going during the days leading up to February 14th.

  • Card manufacturing had become much cheaper and easier during this time.

  • And one company in particular emerged to capitalize on the greeting card craze:

  • Hallmark.

  • The shape of the red heart has become a universal symbol for love,

  • but where did the heart symbol come from?

  • The one that's used on everything from playing cards to emojis to ill-conceived chest tattoos?

  • Scholars theorize it could have originated during ancient times with a plant,

  • possibly a giant fennel called Silphium.

  • The Greeks and Romans used the plant as a form of birth control,

  • and it became so popular as contraception and associated with sex that it was quickly farmed into extinction.

  • The ancient city of Cyrene, in present-day Libya, became so rich from farming Silphium

  • that it used the plant's shape on its currency, which bore a striking resemblance to our modern-day heart symbol.

  • Others believe the symbol emerged in medieval times when scientists attempted to illustrate Aristotle's ancient writings on anatomy,

  • where he described the human heart as having three valves with a dent in the middle.

  • Some just believe the symbol bears resemblance to the breast or buttocks.

  • Imagine your mom sending you a "Thanks for cleaning your room!!!" text with a peach emoji?

  • Thanks for saving us the embarrassment, Aristotle.

  • Valentine's Day in a few Middle Eastern countries brings a whole new meaning to the phrase,

  • "You shouldn't have."

  • Celebrating the holiday in Pakistan, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Saudi Arabia could get you severely punished.

  • The belief generally comes from Muslim officials within these countries who see Valentine's Day as a Christian holiday

  • or believe that it is un-Islamic and promotes casual sex and drinking alcohol, which are prohibited in the traditional Muslim faith.

  • In the Indonesian province of Aceh, just the sale of gifts could have you publicly caned.

  • In Malaysia, the Islamic Morality Police raided several hotels on Valentine's Day of 2011,

  • arresting 80 Muslims because they were sharing rooms while unmarried.

  • In Saudi Arabia, five men were discovered dancing with six women they weren't related to on Valentine's Day,

  • and were sentenced in 2014 to a total of 39 years in prison.

  • And in India, groups have pushed the idea of ditching the celebration of romantic love and replacing it with a parents' worship day.

  • Talk about a glow down.

  • The cute little cherubic cloud baby we know as Cupid used to be a strapping young hunk named Eros.

  • Eros is from Greek mythology, which predates the Romans' Cupid.

  • He was arguably one of the most powerful of all of the gods,

  • for he controlled the most powerful emotion:

  • love.

  • His quiver contained two types of arrows:

  • golden ones to strike overwhelming love and lead ones to invoke hate.

  • He wielded his weapons like a mythological cuff boy, creating disastrous matches of godly proportions.

  • In one story, he shot a golden arrow at Apollo, who fell madly in love with the nymph Daphne,

  • then shot Daphne with a lead arrow, causing her to be repulsed by Apollo,

  • leading to a whole lot of drama.

  • Classic Greeks.

  • Some scholars believe that the infantilization of Eros was simultaneous with the fall of the social status of women in Athenian society.

  • The Greeks were intimidated by this god who could control their love lives,

  • but they weren't intimidated by women.

  • So by transforming Eros into a cute little baby who always obeyed his mother, Aphrodite,

  • they were much more at ease.

  • There was no reason to be afraid, and now we've got an adorable chubby cherub to fawn over.

  • Dear viewer, you are as special as the moment I first saw you, eight minutes ago.

  • No matter what day it is,

  • I hope it's full of chocolates and golden arrows,

  • with no vinegar in sight.

  • Thank you for sticking with me for all these minutes.

  • It means the world to me.

  • Love, Video.

Valentine's Day

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