Name: 歷史回顧：1945 年美國向日本廣島投擲原子彈（6th August 1945: The United States drop an atomic bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima）
Uploaded: 2023-08-05T21:01:10.000Z
Duration: 2 min 36 s

On the 6th of August, 1945, the United States dropped an atomic bomb nicknamed "Little Boy" on the Japanese city of Hiroshima from the B-29 aircraft Enola Gay.

1945 年 8 月 6 日，美國從 B-29 飛機 Enola Gay 上朝日本廣島市投擲了一枚綽號為「小男孩」的原子彈。

過去完成式

The Potsdam Declaration issued on the 28th of July by the Allies had called for the unconditional surrender of Japan.

7 月 28 日，同盟國發表《波茨坦公告》，要求日本無條件投降。

If the government did not surrender, they were threatened with "the complete destruction of the Japanese armed forces and... utter devastation of the Japanese homeland".

如果政府不投降，他們就會受到「日本武裝部隊被徹底摧毀以及……日本國土被徹底摧毀」的威脅。

Having completed the successful Trinity atomic test on the 16th of July, the USA felt that the atomic bomb could quickly end the War in the Pacific.

7 月 16 日成功完成 Trinity 原子彈試驗後，美國認為原子彈可以迅速結束太平洋戰爭。

Hiroshima was chosen as a target due to its industrial and military significance.

廣島因其工業和軍事重要性而被選為目標。

The city was the command center for the defense of southern Japan and contained approximately 40,000 military personnel,

該市是日本南部防衛的指揮中心，擁有約 4 萬名軍事人員，

while even conservative estimates state that more than 200,000 civilians also lived there.

而即使保守估計，也有超過 200,000 名平民居住在那裡。

Enola Gay and six accompanying aircraft had a 6-hour flight from the air base at North Field before reaching the city where they released the bomb at 8.15 a.m.

Enola Gay 和 6 架隨行飛機從北場空軍基地出發，飛行了 6 個小時，然後於上午 8 點 15 分到達了投放炸彈的城市。

It exploded 1,900 feet above the city as planned, with the equivalent to 16 kilotons of TNT.

按照計劃，它在城市上空 1,900 英尺處爆炸，爆炸量相當於 16 噸 TNT 炸藥。

Virtually all buildings within a mile of the blast were flattened.

爆炸一英里範圍內的幾乎所有建築物都被夷為平地。

70,000 people were killed instantly as a result of the explosion, of whom 20,000 were military personnel.

爆炸導致 7 萬人當場死亡，其中 2 萬名為軍人。

Approximately another 70,000 died over the following months due to radiation sickness, burns, and other injuries directly related to the explosion.

接下來的幾個月裡，大約有 7 萬人死於輻射毒、燒傷和其它與爆炸直接相關的傷害。

Following the bombing of Hiroshima, President Truman warned that, if Japan did not surrender,

廣島原子彈爆炸後，杜魯門總統警告說，如果日本不投降，

they may "expect a rain of ruin from the air, the like of which has never been seen on this earth".

他們可能可以「期待從空中降下一場毀滅性的雨，這種情況在地球上前所未見」。

Japan did not surrender, and a second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki three days later.

日本沒有投降，而 3 天後，第二顆原子彈被投擲到長崎。