Name: 一艘比一艘還大、還豪華！遊輪究竟為何變得如此龐大？ (How cruise ships got so big)
Uploaded: 2023-08-07T21:01:30.000Z
Duration: 7 min 29 s

In the world of boats, there are little boats and bigger boats.

程度副詞

And then, there are the really big boats.

This is a cruise ship: The MSC Meraviglia.

Built in Saint-Nazaire, France, in service since 2017, and christened by Sophia Loren.

MSC Meraviglia 號建於法國聖納澤爾，自2017年開始服役... 並由索菲亞-羅蘭為其洗禮。 

Sorry, she is the biggest cruise ship to have ever docked in New York City.

對不起，她是最大的遊輪在紐約市停靠過。 

There's a water park, a rope course, a spa, a mall, an arcade, a bowling alley, a casino, a gym, two theaters, five pools, nine restaurants, 23 bars, 19 floors,

這裡有水上公園、繩索課程、水療中心...購物中心、電玩城、保齡球館、賭場 一個健身房、兩個劇院 五個泳池、九個餐廳、23 個酒吧、19 層樓高 可容納 5 655 名乘客。 和 1 536 名機組人員。 

and enough room for 5,655 passengers and 1,536 crew members.

Cruise ships are the biggest passenger vessels that humans have ever built.

遊輪是最大的客輪是人類有史以來建造的最偉大的建築。 

They can fit a small town's worth of people into a single vehicle but they have a certain look to them, far from the look of the big transatlantic ships of 100 years ago.

一輛車就能裝下一個小鎮的人口...但它們有一種特定的外觀。 與橫跨大西洋的大型輪船相比相差甚遠100 年前。  

So how did the biggest ships we build wind up looking like this?

那麼，我們建造的最大的船隻是如何變成這個樣子的呢？

Before cruise ships, the biggest ships on earth were ocean liners.

在遊輪之前，地球上最大的船隻是遠洋輪船。 

Built for one purpose: To take you somewhere.

只為一個目的而建帶你去一個地方 

In the golden days of ocean travel before the airplane, people had no choice. They had to use ships.

海洋旅行的黃金時代在飛機出現之前，人們別無選擇。 他們不得不使用船隻。 

He's a cruise journalist and ocean liner historian.

他是一名郵輪記者和遠洋郵輪歷史學家。

Advertisements from this golden era of ocean liners boasted their speed across the Atlantic and their luxurious comfort, which given the conditions on the open ocean, wasn't always easy to achieve.

遠洋輪黃金時代的廣告吹噓他們飛越大西洋的速度... 及其奢華舒適 鑑於大洋上的條件...... 並非一帆風順。 

If it's February and you're crossing the Atlantic, you're going to be absolutely miserable.

如果現在是二月，您要橫渡大西洋你將會非常痛苦。 

And the last thing you want to do is realize that you're on a ship.

你最不想做的事情就是意識到你在船上 

What they used to do at the turn of the 20th century (was that) they would design, at least for the first-class part of ships, to look like great palatial hotels or even palaces themselves.

他們在 20 世紀初曾經做過的事情......他們至少會設計出一流的... 部分船舶看起來像豪華酒店 甚至是宮殿本身。 

Ocean liners like this one, the RMS Aquitania tried to replicate all the amenities of life on land.

像這樣的遠洋郵輪，RMS Aquitania...試圖複製陸上生活的所有便利設施。 

There were restaurants, smoking rooms, gardens and a massive lounge with painted ceilings.

有餐廳、吸菸室、花園還有一個巨大的休息室，天花板上繪有彩繪。 

For the first-class passengers, at least, all of the comforts of a city but at sea.

至少對頭等艙乘客來說是這樣、城市的所有舒適... 但在海上。 

There was a picture of the Aquitania lined up against what was then the world's tallest building: The Woolworth Building.

有一張阿基坦尼亞號的照片，照片上的阿基坦尼亞號與其他船隻一字排開。當時的世界第一高樓： 伍爾沃斯大樓 

And the Aquitania was longer and taller than the Woolworth Building.

阿奎塔尼亞號比伍爾沃斯大廈更長更高。

And that was their way of saying this is like literally a floating city at sea.

他們用這種方式表示，這就像簡直就是一座海上浮城。 

Just to inspire the confidence of passengers.

But the rise of air travel meant that ships stopped being being the only way to cross oceans.

但航空旅行的興起意味著船隻不再是是跨越大洋的唯一途徑。 

And by the 1960s, ocean liners were slowly becoming obsolete.

到 20 世紀 60 年代遠洋輪船逐漸被淘汰。 

As ocean liner companies struggled to sell tickets, they tried something different.

由於遠洋輪船公司努力銷售船票......他們嘗試了一些不同的東西。 

"No longer do liners even attempt to compete with air speed."

"班輪甚至不再試圖與空速競爭"。

They continued transatlantic service in the northern Hemisphere's summer months.

它們繼續提供跨大西洋服務在北半球的夏季。 

But in the winter months, more companies started offering leisure trips to warmer regions.

但到了冬季，越來越多的公司開始提供到溫暖地區休閒旅遊... 他們開始以不同的方式宣傳海洋旅行。 

And they started advertising ocean travel differently.

From selling transportation to selling a vacation.

從銷售交通工具到銷售度假產品。

They didn't really take off until the TV show The Love Boat, which exploded the idea of cruising.

直到電視劇《愛之船》的播出，它們才真正起飛。它顛覆了巡航的概念。 

It wasn't just something that your rich grandmother did and made cruising something for the mainstream.

這不僅僅是你富有的祖母做的事情並使巡航成為主流。 

But as cruises started to become mainstream, ocean liners had a problem.

但隨著遊輪開始成為主流遠洋輪有一個問題。 

They were designed to go fast and consumed a lot of fuel.

它們被設計為快速行駛，耗油量很大。

They sat low in the water, which kept them stable in rough seas, but meant they could only access ports with deep harbors.

它們在水中的位置較低，這使它們在波濤洶湧的海面上保持穩定...但這意味著它們只能進入有深港的港口。 

They had separate sections for first, second, and third class, but that left a lot of passengers without access to amenities, and limited everyone's freedom of movement throughout the ship.

他們為一等、二等和三等艙分別設置了不同的區域......但這樣一來，很多乘客就享受不到便利設施了。 並限制了每個人在船上的行動自由。 

And compared to the full time cruise ships of the time, ocean liners were huge.

與當時的全日制遊輪相比遠洋客輪是巨大的。 

So they'd have to attract a lot of vacationers to be profitable.

是以，他們必須吸引大量的度假者才能盈利。

Everything that had made ocean liners optimally designed for commuting quickly through rough waters made them poorly fit for vacationing slowly through calm one.

使遠洋輪船設計達到最佳狀態的所有因素用於在波濤洶湧的水域中快速通勤... 是以，它們不適合在平靜的環境中慢慢度假。 

As sea travel continued to dwindle, even the largest ocean liner in the world, the SS France, couldn't generate enough revenue to operate.

隨著海上旅行的不斷減少甚至世界上最大的遠洋郵輪 "法蘭西號"（SS France 無法產生足夠的收入來維持營運。 

And it sat idle for years until 1979 when Norwegian Caribbean Lines purchased it and made an announcement that shocked the industry.

它閒置了多年，直到 1979 年挪威加勒比海輪船公司收購該公司時 並宣佈了一項震驚業界的消息。 

They were going to convert the France into a full time cruise ship.

他們打算將法國變成一艘全時遊輪。 

Since speed was no longer a concern, they shut down one engine room and removed two of the four propellers.

因為速度不再是問題他們關閉了一個機房 並拆除了四個螺旋槳中的兩個。 

To get passengers to islands without deep ports, they installed tenders.

將乘客送往沒有深水港的島嶼他們安裝了投標器。 

These are smaller ships that ferry passengers to shore.

這些都是將乘客送上岸的小型船隻。

To open up amenities to all passengers, they took out the barriers between class sections.

向所有乘客開放便利設施他們消除了班級之間的隔閡 

And to attract enough vacationers, they loaded the ship with a massive roster of entertainment options.

並吸引足夠多的遊客他們為這艘船裝載了大量花名冊 的娛樂選擇。 

There are sporting facilities and shopping centers, cinema, bars, a multi-confession church, saunas, kindergarten, party games, educational courses, library, charades.

這裡有體育設施和購物中心，還有電影院。酒吧、多宗教教堂、三溫暖室 幼兒園、派對遊戲、教育課程、圖書館、猜字謎。 

The ship began service in 1980, renamed the SS Norway.

該船於 1980 年開始服役，更名為 SS 挪威號。

Where other ships made 3 to 4 stops in a weeklong cruise, the Norway only made two.

其他船隻停靠 3 至 4 次的地方在為期一週的巡遊中 挪威只做了兩個。 

They weren't advertising a cruise to a destination.

他們不是在宣傳前往目的地的遊輪。

The Norway proved that size worked for cruise ships and it kicked off a race to build bigger and bigger ships that changed the look of cruise ships forever.

挪威號 "遊輪的尺寸證明了這一點並掀起了一場建造越來越大船隻的競賽... 它永遠地改變了遊輪的外觀。 

To fit more cabins and amenities, those superstructures that's all of this that rises above the deck, became taller which hid the once prominent smokestacks.

為了安裝更多的艙室和設施，這些上層建築這一切都高出了甲板，變得更高...... 它掩蓋了曾經顯眼的煙囪。 

The smokestacks, because the ships are so tall, the funnels are these tiny little afterthoughts.

煙囪，因為船太高了這些漏斗都是事後想出來的小玩意兒。 

To fit even more cabins and amenities, superstructures became wider, which shortened the bow.

安裝更多船艙和設施上層建築變得更寬，從而縮短了船首。 

There is no space where there's just an open deck where Jack and Rose can go stand and say they're king of the world or whatever.

沒有任何空間只有露天平臺傑克和蘿絲可以站在哪裡 說自己是世界之王什麼的。 

The bow didn't need to be long and pointed to cut through intense waves like on transatlantic liners.

船頭不需要又長又尖，就能劃過強烈的海浪，就像橫跨大西洋的郵輪。 

So builders rounded them out, giving even more square footage for amenities.

是以，建築商們將它們圍了起來......為生活設施提供了更多的面積。 

When the Norway began service in 1980, it was the biggest operating passenger ship in the world.

當挪威號於 1980 年開始服役時它是世界上最大的營運客輪。 

With an internal volume of over 70,000 gross tons.

But the ships built over the following decades make the Norway look tiny.

但隨後幾十年建造的船隻使挪威看起來很小。 

And even make once legendary ocean liners look small.

甚至讓曾經傳奇的遠洋巨輪顯得渺小。

The ship that held the record for so many years was the Queen Elizabeth of 1940.

保持著這麼多年來，她一直是 1940 年的伊麗莎白女王。 

People said they will never build a ship that big again.

人們說，他們再也造不出那麼大的飛船了。

Well, now the new Royal Caribbean ships are literally three times the size.

現在，皇家加勒比公司的新船簡直是它的三倍大。 

When this ship, the Icon of the Seas, launches in 2024, it'll be all the way up here with a volume of over 250,000 gross tons.

當這艘名為 "海洋偶像號 "的郵輪於 2024 年下水時...這將是所有的方式在這裡 總量超過 25 萬總噸。 

我想，很多新的大船都是這樣。

And, you know, we all miss what came before and pine on.

而且，你知道，我們都會懷念之前的一切，並繼續前行。

And I'm sure people in 50 or 100 years from now will pine on about how great-looking the ships were back in the 2020s.

我相信 50 年或 100 年後的人們會大肆宣揚 這些飛船早在 2020 年代就出現了。 

There are over 320 cruise ships sailing around the world right now, but there's only one ocean liner left.

有超過 320正在世界各地航行的遊輪...... 但現在只剩下一艘遠洋輪船了。 

The Queen Mary 2; also built in Saint-Nazaire, France in service since 2004 and christened by Elizabeth II.

同樣建於法國聖納澤爾的瑪麗皇后 2 號自 2004 年開始服役，並由伊麗莎白二世為其洗禮。 

Still in regular service from Southampton to New York City.

目前仍在提供從南安普敦到紐約市的定期班機服務。