Subtitles section Play video
What are the differences between Open, Closed, and Empty Individualism?
開放個人主義、封閉個人主義和空洞個人主義有什麼不同?
Open, Closed, and Empty Individualism are philosophical positions concerning the nature of
開放、封閉和空洞的個人主義是關於個人身份隨著時間的推移的本質的哲學立場
personal identity over time, particularly how we consider the existence and persistence of "self."
,特別是我們如何看待「自我」的存在和持久性。
Closed Individualism posits that individuals are distinct
封閉個人主義認為,個人是
and separable entities that persist over time.
隨著時間的推移而持續存在的獨特且可分離的實體。
This view is the most common intuition about personal identity: that each person
這種觀點是關於個人身分最常見的直覺:每個人
is a separate individual with a unique and continuous identity from birth to death.
都是一個獨立的個體,從出生到死亡都有獨特且連續的身份。
Open Individualism argues that there is only one subject of experience, one "I," who is everyone.
開放個人主義認為,只有一個經驗主體,一個“我”,即每個人。
According to this view, the boundaries between individuals are illusory,
根據這個觀點,個體之間的界限是虛幻的,
and the consciousness experiencing life through
透過一個人體驗生命的意識
one person is the same consciousness experiencing life through all others.
與透過所有其他人體驗生命的意識是相同的。
This philosophy transcends traditional notions of personal identity,
這種哲學超越了個人身分的傳統概念,
suggesting a universal connectedness.
暗示了普遍的連結。
Empty Individualism takes a different approach, asserting that the self is an illusion and there
空洞的個人主義採取了不同的方法,聲稱自我是一種幻覺,
is no real persistence of identity over time, even within a single person's life.
隨著時間的推移,即使在一個人的生命中,也不存在真正的身份持久性。
From moment to moment, there is no enduring self that continues
每時每刻,沒有一個持久的自我能夠
from the past through to the future. Each moment is its own experience,
從過去延續到未來。每個時刻都是它自己的經歷,
with no actual "individual" that persists across these moments.
沒有真正的「個體」在這些時刻持續存在。