Name: 谷歌、亞馬遜、微軟為何不再是眾人眼中的「夢想工作」？ (How Working For Google, Amazon, And Microsoft Lost 'Dream Job' Status)
Uploaded: 2024-05-09T21:01:20.000Z
Duration: 12 min 13 s

Remember the golden age of working for the tech industry?

還記得為科技行業工作的黃金時代嗎？

Fortune is unveiling its top 100 best companies to work for.

《財富》雜誌公佈了最適合工作的 100 家公司。

Google's number one again this year, it was number one last year and the year before.

谷歌今年再次蟬聯第一，去年年和前年也是第一。

Google has everything-- free food everywhere, a Wi-Fi enabled free shuttle.

谷歌神麼都有——到處都有免費食品、有 Wi-Fi 的免費接駁車。

They have horseshoe pits, volleyball courts, street hockey, like, you know, pools.

他們有馬蹄坑、排球場、街頭曲棍球，游泳池。

Netflix's letting you parents take as much time off as they need during the first year of their child's birth or adoption.

Netflix 讓父母在孩子出生或收養的第一年根據需要休假。

Salesforce has mindfulness areas designed with help from monks.

Salesforce 在僧侶的幫助下設計了正念區域。

Airbnb gives employees a two grand travel stipend.

Airbnb 為員工提供兩千元旅行津貼。

Music discovery platform Pandora even pays for its workers to have gender affirmation surgery.

音樂發現平台 Pandora 甚至支付員工進行性別確認手術的費用。

It's not only big names like Google, Apple and Amazon that entice workers with these perks.

不僅是像谷歌、蘋果和亞馬遜以這些福利吸引員工，

Smaller tech startups were also offering workers outlandish extras. Everything from performance-based prizes to an endless supply of company-branded swag.

規模較小的科技新創公司也為員工提供了一些奇怪的額外福利。 從以績效為基礎的獎項到源源不絕的公司品牌贈品，一切應有盡有。

Top performers every month of the New York office, get an actual custom oil canvas painting.

紐約辦公室每月表現最佳的員工都會獲得一幅定製油畫。

If you pop it, actually reveals a secret room.

如果你打開它，實際上會發現一個秘密房間。

And we have like meetings in here do poker and maybe even close the deal have a shot of whiskey or something.

我們在這裡開會，打撲克牌，甚至在達成交易時喝一杯威士忌或什麼的。

Here is a must-come spot for anybody who comes to New Relic  is where we have all our swag all our New Relic pride.

對於任何來到 New Relic 的人來說，這裡都是必來的地方，這裡是我們擁有 New Relic 自豪感的地方。

And the great thing is, is you can just come and grab whatever you want.

最棒的是，你可以來這裡隨便拿你想要的東西。

This is how tech companies are grabbing headlines these days.

以下是科技公司如今佔據頭條新聞的方式。

The latest [is] Google cutting hundreds of jobs in its engineering product and hardware divisions.

最新的消息是谷歌在其工程產品和硬體部門裁減了數百個工作機會。

So this is the latest round of layoffs we are hearing about in tech today.

這是我們今天在科技領域聽到的最新一輪裁員。

It's two fintech companies Block and PayPal.

是兩家金融科技公司 Block 和 PayPal。

Microsoft cutting almost 2000 jobs at Activision Blizzard and Xbox as the tech landscape resets.

隨著科技格局的重置，微軟在動視暴雪和 Xbox 裁員近 2,000 人。

Layoffs in the tech industry surged in 2023, sparked by high interest rates and a pivot to generative AI.

由於高利率和生成式 AI 的發展，2023 年科技業的裁員人數激增。

The pace of layoffs in the tech industry has persisted well into 2024.

科技業的裁員步伐一直持續到 2024 年。

Workers who were laid off now see this industry in a different way.

被裁員的員工現在對這個行業有了不同的看法。

When you work for a big tech company, you had this assurance that you were going to be okay that you were part of this greater thing that you were part of this culture that really meant something - you were making a difference.

當你在一家大型科技公司工作時，你會得到這樣的保證：你會成為這個更偉大事業的一部分，你是這個真正有意義的文化的一部分——你正在做出改變。

隨時啪的一聲，你可能就會被解僱。

Before 2020, people were interested in the tech industry just because, I mean, the high pay prestige.

2020 年之前，人們對科技業感興趣只是因為高薪聲望。

I think just seeing it as different, right?

You have all these traditional companies, and then you have all these companies that are just doing things different, and they look like kind of the future of work.

有傳統公司，然後有這類公司，他們只是在做不同的事情，它們看起來像是未來的工作。

People thought it was gonna be like a huge shift towards these fun environments and flexible environments and places where they put employees first.

人們認為這將是向這些有趣的環境和靈活的環境以及將員工放在第一位的地方的巨大轉變。

Well, these aren't too much different than these older traditional companies that people were already working at in the early 2000s.

嗯，這些公司與人們在 2000 年代初期就已經工作過的那些較老的傳統公司並沒有太大的不同。

The tech industry as a whole has completely lost its luster because people are starting to recognize that the tech industry is just like any other industry.

整個科技產業已經完全失去了光彩，因為人們開始意識到科技業和其他產業一樣。

有一天崛起，現在又跌落谷底了。

You consider what's going on a companies like Google, consider what's going on in the companies like Amazon.

你想想谷歌這樣的公司正在發生什麼，想想亞馬遜這樣的公司正在發生什麼事。

The moment they started to announce layoffs, people start to recognize that these companies these tech giants are just like every other company.

從他們開始宣布裁員的那一刻起，人們就開始意識到這些科技巨頭和其他公司一樣。

They hire today and they get rid of you tomorrow.

他們今天僱用你，明天就解僱你。

The tech industry completely dominated the news headlines in the 2010s.

科技行業完全佔據了《紐約時報》的新聞頭條。

After the 2008 financial crisis, the US Federal Reserve brought interest rates to near zero and kept them there for years.

2008年金融危機後，聯準會將利率降至接近零的水平，並維持此水準多年。

That allowed tech companies and startups to borrow money at rock-bottom prices, and open the floodgates for venture capital money too.

這使得科技公司和新創公司能夠以最低價格借錢，也為創投打開了大門。

Boosted by ultra-low interest rates and a ready supply of venture capital money and skyrocketing adoption of smartphones and social media, tech companies took over the stock market as well.

在超低利率、充足的創投資金以及智慧型手機和社群媒體普及率的推動下，科技公司也佔領了股市。

Working at one of these tech companies became a way to get rich.

在這些科技公司工作成為一種致富的方式。

Employees often got a good portion of their compensation paid out in stock options.

員工的薪酬中很大一部分通常是透過股票選擇權支付的。

As tech stocks rose, workers got richer and richer.

隨著科技股上漲，員工變得越來越富有。

The tech-heavy NASDAQ for example, rose about 347% from January 2010 to December 2019.

例如，科技股納斯達克指數從 2010 年 1 月到 2019 年 12 月，增長了約 347%。

Netflix was the biggest gainer among the FAANG stocks, surging more than 4,000%.

Netflix 是 FAANG 股票中漲幅最大的股票，超過 4000%。

I think for a long time working for a major tech company like Google or Meta, Microsoft was really seen as a badge of honor, because these were companies that were growing tremendously.

我認為，在 Google 或 Meta 這樣的大型科技公司工作很長一段時間，微軟確實被視為一種榮譽徽章，因為這些公司正在快速發展。

And through most of the lifetime, for many of our current students right now in our recent graduates, all they saw their entire childhood was growth.

在一生的大部分時間裡，對於我們許多現在的學生和應屆畢業生來說，他們看到的整個童年就是成長。

They saw these companies get larger, they saw them innovate.

他們看到這些公司變得越來越大，看到它們不斷創新。

They saw new products that really transformed their day to day life.

他們看到新產品改變了他們的日常工作。

So to be able to work in those companies was seen as prestigious, and it was seen as a very positive step in building their own careers to be able to contribute to the technology that they themselves and their families used every single day.

因此，能夠在這些公司工作被視為享有盛譽，並且能夠為自己和家人每天使用的技術做出貢獻，這被視為建立自己職業生涯的非常積極的一步。

People definitely look at you differently when you have Microsoft or a larger tech company on your resume.

當你的履歷上有微軟或一家更大的科技公司時，人們肯定會以不同的方式看待你。

People have called it the easy door into your next job or whatever.

它被稱為進入下一份工作的便捷之門，之類的。

But definitely, especially if you're going to a place that is built on Azure and you have Microsoft experience that seems like a no-brainer.

但是肯定的，特別是如果你要去一個建立在Azure平台上的地方，而你有在微軟工作的經驗，你似乎就是毫無疑問的選擇。

Or if you have going to somewhere that's a Google-based company, you have Google on your resume or Amazon, I think it probably puts you towards the front of the line.

或者如果你要去一家基於Google的公司，你的簡歷上有Google，或者是Amazon，我認為這可能會讓你處於優先被考慮的位置。

When COVID-19 began, the economy initially struggled, but the tech industry thrived.

當 COVID-19 爆發時，經濟最初陷入困境，但科技業卻蓬勃發展。

The Federal Reserve's swift actions, such as cutting interest rates back to near zero boosted tech stocks.

聯準會的迅速行動，例如將利率降至接近零的水平，提振了科技股。

This in turn led to an increase in tech jobs, primarily as people stayed home.

這也導致了科技工作崗位的增加，主要原因是人們在家工作。

However, tech stocks took a hit once the Fed started raising rates in 2022.

然而，聯準會在 2022 年開始升息後，科技股遭受重創。

So the industry started using mass layoffs as one of the many ways of belt-tightening.

因此，該行業開始將大規模裁員作為勒緊褲腰帶的眾多方式之一。

Wall Street loved this move, reflected in the bounce in tech stocks in 2023.

華爾街喜歡這項舉措，2023 年科技股的反彈就反映了這一點。

The tech heavy NASDAQ climbed to 43% in 2023, its best years since 2020.

以科技股為主的那斯達克指數在 2023 年攀升至 43%，這是自 2020 年以來最好的年份。

In the pandemic, the tech industry saw some pretty big pickups in job posting games on Indeed platform.

在疫情期間，科技業在 Indeed 平台上發布的招聘上出現了相當大的成長。

We saw really strong hiring. People were at home, they were consuming more kind of these tech goods and services.

我們看到了非常強勁的招募。 人們待在家裡，他們正在消費更多種類的科技產品和服務。

And many tech companies adjusted to that and hired more workers.

許多科技公司對此進行了調整併僱用了更多員工。

因此，我們在 2021-22 年看到了大幅成長。

And then in 2023, we saw some of that demand start to kind of cool down and soften.

然後到 2023 年，我們看到部分需求開始降溫和軟化。

In 2024, so far, we've seen somewhat similar to 2023, some layoffs being announced.

到目前為止，2024 年我們看到的情況與 2023 年有些相似，宣布了一些裁員。

We've seen kind of a continuation of pull back and job postings in the tech industry.

我們看到科技業的撤退和職位發布仍在繼續。

But again, a lot of these layoffs that we've seen so far this year in 2024, have really been about right sizing and adjusting to a world of post-COVID consumer demand and trying to figure out what does the world look like after COVID.

但同樣，我們今年（2024 年）迄今為止看到的許多裁員實際上都是為了正確調整規模和適應新冠疫情后消費者需求的世界，並試圖弄清楚新冠疫情之後的世界會是什麼樣子。

So, a lot of it really comes down to businesses making moves to really understand, you know, where their consumers are, and trying to fit their workforces to that demand.

因此，這很大程度上取決於企業採取行動，真正了解他們的消費者在哪裡，並試圖讓他們的員工適應這種需求。

Now we see the stock market reacted quite favorably to this round of layoffs.

現在我們看到股市對這一輪裁員反應相當正面。

We see these record stock prices for a lot of these tech companies.

我們看到許多科技公司的股價創下歷史新高。

The investors really favored profitability, really favored this lean year that these tech companies had.

投資人非常看重獲利能力，非常看重這些科技公司今年的不景氣。

And so instead of rewarding the growth that we saw in them all pursue years ago, they're now rewarding profit.

因此，他們現在不再獎勵我們幾年前所看到的他們所追求的成長，而是獎勵利潤。

And so the layoffs have continued, people have become used to them, and regrettably, and sadly, it seems that the layoffs is going to be the new normal.

於是裁員還在繼續，人們已經習慣了，令人遺憾的是，可悲的是，裁員似乎將成為新常態。

Layoffs in tech show no signs of letting up.

科技業的裁員沒有放緩的跡象。

In fact, more and more companies have embraced quote, "efficiency," as a common mantra in recent earnings calls.

事實上，越來越多的公司在最近的財報電話會議上將「效率」作為常見的口頭禪。

A memo sent out by Elon Musk to the staff outlining that the company will be cutting more than 10% of its global staff.

馬斯克向員工發出的備忘錄概述了該公司將裁減超過10%的全球員工。

The layoffs are the first for Apple since the pandemic and come shortly after the company shuttered its self-driving car project.

此次裁員是蘋果自疫情爆發以來的首次裁員，是在該公司關閉其自動駕駛汽車計畫後不久進行的。

Amazon is cutting hundreds of jobs from its cloud computing division, Amazon Web Services.

亞馬遜正在刪減其雲端運算部門亞馬遜網路服務裁減數百個工作機會。

Even though mass tech layoffs continue dominating headlines, the labor market still seems strong.

儘管大規模科技裁員繼續成為頭條新聞，但勞動力市場似乎仍然強勁。

The US economy added 303,000 jobs in March well above the Dow Jones estimate for a rise of 200,000 with the unemployment rate edging lower to 3.8%.

美國經濟 3 月新增就業 303,000 個，遠高於道瓊斯預計的 20 萬個崗位，失業率小幅降至 3.8%。

The tech layoffs have prompted new workers to seek other opportunities according to Handshake, a popular free job posting site for college students and graduates.

據Handshake（一個針對大學生和畢業生的免費招聘網站）稱，科技業的裁員促使新員工尋找其他機會。

So the share of tech majors job applications submitted to internet and software companies dropped by more than 30% between November 2021 and September of 2023,

因此，2021 年 11 月至 2023 年 9 月期間，向網路和軟體公司提交的科技專業求職應徵比例下降了 30% 以上，

while the share of applications submitted to government jobs, more than doubled.

而向政府職位提交的應徵比例則增加了一倍以上。

And part of the reason why this is happening is because stability is such a major factor in student's decision around what types of jobs they apply to and what types of jobs they accept.

發生這種情況的部分原因是，穩定性是學生決定申請什麼類型的工作以及接受哪種類型的工作的一個主要因素。

77% of this recent class of 2024 cares about stability as the number one factor.

77% 的 2024 年畢業生將穩定性視為首要因素。

And the government, for example, is an entity that provides a strong level of stability; whereas they're looking at the headlines and the news, and they're paying attention to all of the layoffs that are happening in Big Tech.

例如，政府是一個提供高度穩定性的實體； 而他們關注的是頭條新聞和新聞，他們關注的是大型科技公司正在發生的所有裁員。

The layoff pandemic is not necessarily impacted tech the way we thought it was - largely because of the fact that these jobs still pay really well.

裁員大流行並不一定像我們想像的那樣對科技業產生影響，很大程度上是因為這些工作的薪酬仍然很高。

而且，這些工作依然具有一定的吸引力。

It's not nearly as exciting as it was 20 or 30 years ago, but it's still exciting, and people really want that bullet point on the resume, even if they only lasted a Google, for let's say six months or a year,  they can still say they worked there.

雖然不像 20 或 30 年前那麼令人興奮，但仍然具有吸引力，人們希望簡歷上有這個亮點，即使他們只在 Google 待了六個月或一年，他們仍然可以說他們在那裡工作過。

I think what we're starting to see ultimately is that people are starting to consider other options.

我認為我們最終開始看到的是人們開始考慮其他選擇。

Whether they're deciding that once they get their degrees, they're going to go create their own businesses, they're going to get government space,

無論他們決定一旦獲得學位，他們將去創建自己的企業，他們將獲得政府空間，

they're going to get in other industries, where there is a need for their technical skill set where they can essentially be a big fish in a small pond, which in many ways gives them job security that they don't necessarily get in the tech industry.

他們將進入其他行業，這些行業需要他們的技術技能，他們本質上可以成為小池塘裡的大魚，這在很多方面為他們提供了他們不一定能獲得的工作保障。

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谷歌、亞馬遜、微軟為何不再是眾人眼中的「夢想工作」？ (How Working For Google, Amazon, And Microsoft Lost 'Dream Job' Status)

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