As you walk around your house or apartment, you see a number of things and you need to be able to describe those things when you talk about them in English.

當您在家裡或公寓裡走動時，您會看到很多東西，當您用英語談論這些東西時，您需要能夠描述它們。

Maybe you have an old pair of shoes and they're a little bit scuffed and worn out.

也許你有一雙舊鞋，已經有點磨損了。

Oh, I'm giving away some of the words and phrases already.

哦，我已經把一些單詞和短語送給大家了。

Maybe there's a bunch of cords behind your desk and they're all tangled.

也許你的辦公桌後面有一堆電線，而且都纏在一起了。

There's another word I will talk about in this lesson.

這節課我還要講到另一個詞。

But it's nice to be able to describe the things that you have around your house and home.

不過，能描述自己家裡的東西也不錯。

And not just the things, but the rooms as well in some cases.

不僅是物品，在某些情況下，房間也是如此。

So once again, welcome to this English lesson about describing things around your home.

所以，再次歡迎大家來到這節英語課，學習如何描述家中的事物。

Droopy.

下垂。

So, I really like this word.

所以，我很喜歡這個詞。

Let me say it again.

讓我再說一遍。

Droopy.

下垂。

This plant is droopy.

這株植物垂頭喪氣。

When you don't water a plant, the leaves will droop.

如果不澆水，植物的葉子就會耷拉下來。

Isn't that a fun word?

這個詞很有趣吧？

Droop.

下垂。

So this plant has droopy leaves.

是以，這種植物的葉子下垂了。

Notice I used the verb form and then I switched to the adjective form.

注意，我用的是動詞形式，然後換成了形容詞形式。

When a plant has droopy leaves, it looks like this.

當植物的葉子下垂時，看起來就像這樣。

There are other things as well in life that you can use this word for.

生活中還有其他事情可以用這個詞來形容。

Sometimes things just droop.

有時候，事情就是這樣。

But certainly plants are the best example.

當然，植物是最好的例子。

So if something's like this, and then let's say a plant is like this, and then you don't water it, and the leaves slowly go like this, that action is called drooping.

是以，如果某樣東西是這樣的，比方說植物是這樣的，然後你不給它澆水，葉子就會慢慢變成這樣，這個動作就叫做下垂。

And we would describe that as the plant is very droopy and needs water.

我們會把這種情況描述為植物非常垂頭喪氣，需要澆水。

When you come home from vacation, sometimes some of your plants might be droopy.

休假回家後，有時您的一些植物可能會垂頭喪氣。

Sorry, I just like saying that word, droopy.

對不起，我只是喜歡說那個詞，"垂頭喪氣"。

Scuffed.

有擦傷。

I mentioned this in the intro.

我在介紹中提到過這一點。

So if you have an old pair of shoes, as you walk, if your shoe hits against the ground or other things, eventually parts of the shoe wear away.

是以，如果你有一雙舊鞋，當你走路時，如果你的鞋子碰到地面或其他東西，最終鞋子的一部分就會磨損。

The shoe starts to be scuffed.

鞋子開始磨損。

These shoes are scuffed.

這雙鞋有磨損。

They need to be polished and shined, but I don't know if that will remove the scuffs.

它們需要拋光和擦亮，但我不知道這是否能去除刮痕。

So you see where the shoe is dark, that's how the shoe originally looked.

所以，你看到鞋上暗的地方，就是鞋原來的樣子。

But if you look at those lighter parts where it's worn a little bit, we would describe that as being scuffed.

但如果你看那些磨損較輕的部分，我們會將其描述為磨損。

These shoes are scuffed.

這雙鞋有磨損。

Sometimes your shoes get so scuffed, they start to get holes in them.

有時，你的鞋子被磨得破破爛爛，開始出現洞。

And then at that point, you need a new pair of shoes.

到那時，你就需要一雙新鞋了。

So scuffed.

磨損嚴重。

Smudged.

弄髒了

Sometimes, well, this doesn't happen as much now.

有時，這種情況現在不常發生了。

When our kids were little, often our windows would be smudged.

孩子們小的時候，我們的窗戶經常會被弄髒。

There would be a lot of fingerprints and markings on our windows because our kids would touch the windows with their hands.

我們的窗戶上會有很多指紋和印記，因為我們的孩子會用手觸摸窗戶。

So maybe they would be eating something and then they would touch the window and they would smudge the window.

是以，他們可能會吃東西，然後碰到窗戶，弄髒窗戶。

You can see the finger marks.

你可以看到手指的痕跡。

Someone on this window went like that and now the window is smudged.

有人在這扇窗戶上這樣做了，現在窗戶被弄髒了。

A glass can also be smudged.

玻璃杯也會被弄髒。

This is plastic, but if this was made out of glass, there could be smudge marks.

這是塑料製品，但如果是玻璃製品，可能會有汙跡。

This glass could be smudged if there were fingerprints on it.

如果玻璃上有指紋，可能會弄髒玻璃。

The water tastes particularly yummy this morning.

今天早上的水味道特別好。

Dusty.

塵土飛揚。

Now, this one I think I taught in a previous lesson.

現在，這個問題我想我在上一堂課上已經講過了。

We live in a world where eventually there's dust on things.

在我們生活的世界裡，終究會有灰塵落在事物上。

I think I even did these same actions last time.

我想我上次甚至做了同樣的動作。

There's dust on top of the lens of my camera.

我的相機鏡頭上面有灰塵。

It's just a natural thing that happens.

這是自然而然的事情。

When you live somewhere, there are fine particles in the air that slowly drift down and then you get a little bit of dust on things.

當你住在某個地方時，空氣中的細微顆粒會慢慢飄下來，然後你的東西上就會沾上一些灰塵。

Can I hide my face enough?

我的臉能藏得住嗎？

So there's a little bit of dust on my finger.

所以我的手指上沾了一點灰塵。

I need to dust this room.

我需要打掃一下這個房間。

My laptop is dusty.

我的筆記本電腦佈滿灰塵。

This desk is dusty.

這張桌子上滿是灰塵。

It's a lot of dust in here.

這裡有很多灰塵。

So you can describe something as being dusty.

是以，你可以用 "塵土飛揚 "來形容某樣東西。

Cluttered.

雜亂無章。

My desk over there is a little bit cluttered.

我那邊的桌子有點亂。

It's not too bad.

還不錯。

Let me give you a bigger view of that.

讓我從更廣闊的角度來談談這個問題。

No display.

無顯示。

It's a little dark over there, isn't it?

那邊有點暗，是嗎？

It's a little bit cluttered.

有點雜亂無章。

It's not too bad though.

不過還不算太糟。

When we describe something as cluttered, it means there's just a whole lot of stuff there and it's not organized.

當我們形容某樣東西雜亂無章時，它的意思是那裡有一大堆東西，而且沒有條理。

It's not in a nice orderly fashion where you can find the things that you need.

在這裡，你無法井然有序地找到你需要的東西。

My desk over there, one end is usually quite tidy, the end that's on camera, and then the other end that you can't see is actually quite cluttered.

我的辦公桌在那邊，一端通常很整潔，也就是攝像頭拍到的那一端，而另一端你看不到的地方其實很凌亂。

Your kitchen counter can be cluttered.

您的廚房檯面可能很雜亂。

A desk can be cluttered.

辦公桌可能會很雜亂。

If you have a windowsill by a window that has a lot of space and you put a bunch of things there, it can be quite cluttered.

如果窗邊有一個空間很大的窗臺，而你又在那裡放了一堆東西，那就會顯得很雜亂。

Simply a spot that has a lot of things that aren't really organized.

只是一個有很多東西都沒有真正整理好的地方。

Tangled.

糾結

That's a little bit too big, maybe we'll leave it there though.

這有點太大了，也許我們可以把它放在那裡。

Behind my desk, there are a lot of cords.

在我的辦公桌後面，有很多電線。

Because there are a lot of cords and you kind of move them around sometimes, they get a little bit tangled.

因為有很多電線，有時你會把它們移來移去，它們就會纏在一起。

If you have really long hair, your hair can also get tangled.

如果你的頭髮很長，頭髮也會打結。

When you use the word tangled, it means things that are kind of around each other.

當你使用 "糾結 "這個詞時，它的意思是事物之間相互纏繞。

So you can see here, even these headphones, this can get all tangled, right?

所以你可以看到，即使是這些耳機，也會纏在一起，對吧？

And then I have to kind of figure out how to straighten it out.

然後我就得想辦法把它理順。

But if you have a lot of cables, if you have a lot of cords, if you have a lot of wires, they can get very, very tangled.

但是，如果你有很多電纜，如果你有很多電線，如果你有很多電線，它們就會變得非常非常糾結。

This doesn't work for me.

這對我不起作用。

In English, when you say something doesn't work for you, it means it bothers you.

在英語中，當你說某樣東西對你不起作用時，意思是它讓你煩惱。

In my house, I don't like it when the cords are tangled like that.

在我家，我不喜歡電線纏成這樣。

I would certainly straighten this out and tidy this up.

我一定會把它理順、整理好。

Foggy.

Foggy.

If you take a very, very hot shower, sometimes the mirror gets foggy.

如果你洗了一個非常非常熱的澡，鏡子有時會起霧。

Sometimes the windows get foggy.

有時車窗會起霧。

We also use the word fogged up.

我們也用霧化這個詞。

So I took a hot shower and now the mirror is foggy.

於是我洗了個熱水澡，現在鏡子裡霧濛濛的。

I took a hot shower and now the mirror is fogged up.

我洗了個熱水澡，現在鏡子起霧了。

So you can see here, he can't see himself in the mirror because there's a thin layer of moisture.

所以你可以看到，他在鏡子裡看不到自己，因為有一層薄薄的溼氣。

There's a thin layer.

有薄薄的一層。

Because the room was steamy, the mirror got foggy and fogged up.

因為房間裡有水蒸氣，鏡子起霧了。

So simply not able to see well.

所以根本看不清楚。

Stacked.

堆疊。

This is a pretty straightforward one.

這是一個非常簡單的問題。

When you have things like these mugs, you can stack them.

有了這些杯子，就可以把它們疊起來。

When you look in our cupboards, there are often cups that are stacked.

在我們的櫥櫃裡，經常會堆放著一些杯子。

There are plates that are stacked.

有的盤子是疊起來的。

There are bowls that are stacked.

有的碗是疊起來的。

And then just to expand on that, these mugs are stacked.

再進一步說，這些杯子是疊放在一起的。

I can also say these mugs are in a stack.

我還可以說，這些杯子是成堆的。

These bowls are stacked.

這些碗是疊起來的。

These bowls are in a stack.

這些碗是疊放在一起的。

Or there's a stack of bowls in the cupboard.

或者櫥櫃裡有一堆碗。

Go and grab them.

快去抓住他們。

But yes, when you put things on top of each other and when they kind of fit into each other a little bit, we say they are stacked.

是的，當你把東西疊放在一起，當它們有點相互貼合時，我們就說它們是堆疊在一起的。

Messy.

一團糟

So there are a few words here.

所以，這裡有幾句話。

There's a few more coming up.

接下來還會有一些。

There's disorganized and disarray and we already did cluttered.

這裡雜亂無章，我們已經做得很凌亂了。

They're all variations of something not being tidy.

它們都是不整潔的變種。

So when your room is tidy, it doesn't look like this.

所以，當你的房間整潔時，它不會是這個樣子。

When your room is messy, it looks like this.

當你的房間凌亂不堪時，看起來就像這樣。

Messy is probably the most common word that we use to describe a room that looks like this.

凌亂可能是我們用來形容這樣的房間最常用的詞。

Oh, your room is messy.

哦，你的房間真亂。

Kids, it's Saturday morning.

孩子們，今天是週六早上。

Your rooms are messy.

你們的房間很亂。

Go clean your rooms.

去打掃房間吧

That would be a common thing to say.

這種說法很常見。

But you can see here, this person has lots of clothes on their bed, very disorganized and lots on the floor.

但你可以看到，這個人的床上有很多衣服，非常凌亂，地板上也有很多。

So we would say this room is messy.

是以，我們可以說這個房間很亂。

Dirty.

髒

This plate though is dirty.

不過這個盤子很髒。

So dirty is a word we use for things like dishes or clothes like, oh, my clothes are Oh, I didn't do my laundry.

是以，"髒 "是一個我們用來形容餐具或衣服的詞，比如 "哦，我的衣服沒洗"。

My clothes are dirty and I need that shirt today.

我的衣服髒了，今天我需要那件襯衫。

That's actually true in my case.

我的情況確實如此。

There's a shirt I need today and I didn't wash it.

我今天需要一件襯衫，但我沒有洗。

But when you're done eating, we would say that you have dirty dishes, okay?

但當你吃完後，我們會說你的盤子很髒，好嗎？

So this dish is dirty.

所以這道菜很髒。

It needs to be washed.

需要清洗。

You can tell this person didn't clean their plate.

你可以看出這個人沒有把盤子洗乾淨。

Usually in our house, we tell our kids to eat all the food on their plate, but this is a dirty dish or a dirty plate.

通常在我們家，我們會告訴孩子們把盤子裡的食物都吃掉，但這是一道髒菜或一個髒盤子。

You could use either to describe it.

你可以用其中任何一種來形容它。

Disorganized.

雜亂無章。

So this is a little more formal sounding, you know, oh, his desk is always disorganized.

所以這聽起來更正式一點，你知道，哦，他的辦公桌總是亂七八糟的。

Or you could even say a person is disorganized.

或者，你甚至可以說一個人是無組織的。

When something is disorganized, it's not tidy.

東西亂了，就不整齊了。

It's not organized.

沒有組織。

Disorganized.

雜亂無章。

You could also use it to describe a place where things aren't in spots where you would think like, oh, her kitchen is disorganized.

你也可以用它來形容一個地方的東西擺放不整齊，你會覺得，哦，她的廚房很亂。

There's spoons in three different drawers.

三個不同的抽屜裡都有勺子。

There's plates all over in all different spots.

到處都是盤子，放在不同的地方。

It's very disorganized.

非常雜亂無章。

So simply, probably the best description for this one is to say the opposite of organized, the opposite of neat and tidy.

是以，簡單地說，最好的形容詞可能就是 "有條不紊"、"整齊劃一 "的反義詞。

Disarray.

混亂。

Again, this one sounds a little formal.

同樣，這聽起來有點正式。

Maybe you're reading a book and the book says, and he went to his office and it was in disarray.

也許你正在讀一本書，書中寫道，他去了他的辦公室，裡面一片狼藉。

Or he was a very messy person.

或者說，他是一個非常亂的人。

His desk was always in disarray.

他的辦公桌總是凌亂不堪。

So this is simply another word for messy.

所以，這只是 "混亂 "的另一個詞。

Okay.

好的

So you can see here, this is not organized.

所以你可以看到，這裡沒有組織。

This is definitely in disarray.

這肯定是亂套了。

This is messy.

太亂了

This is disorganized.

這太雜亂無章了。

These are all words we could use to describe that area.

這些都是我們可以用來描述該地區的詞彙。

There's a lot of things in this picture though.

這張照片裡有很多東西。

Be fun to do a lesson where I just describe what's in pictures.

上一堂課，我只描述圖片上的內容，會很有趣。

Did you see the cat?

你看到那隻貓了嗎？

Do you see the sunglasses?

看到墨鏡了嗎？

Do you see the record, which is the round black thing?

你看到記錄了嗎，就是那個黑色的圓東西？

Do you see the coat hanger and the electric guitar?

你看到衣架和電吉他了嗎？

I don't know what everything is in this picture, but anyways, let's move on before I get too distracted.

我不知道這張照片裡的東西都是什麼，但不管怎麼說，在我分心之前，讓我們繼續前進吧。

But there is a cat in that picture.

但照片裡有一隻貓。

If you look, you can find it missing.

如果你看一下，就會發現它不見了。

Sometimes you describe something because you can't find it.

有時候，你描述某樣東西是因為你找不到它。

Sometimes my reading glasses are missing.

有時我的老花鏡也會不見。

Sometimes I can't find my reading glasses.

有時我找不到我的老花鏡。

Sometimes my keys are missing.

有時我的鑰匙不見了。

I don't know where they are.

我不知道他們在哪裡。

This is a little bit of a funny joke on this key holder on this key rack.

這個鑰匙架上的鑰匙扣有點滑稽可笑。

If my keys are missing, I've gone fishing.

如果我的鑰匙不見了，我就去釣魚了。

I don't know why they shortened fishing.

我不知道他們為什麼要縮短捕魚時間。

It doesn't rhyme when you say it this way.

這樣說就不押韻了。

It should be the full word.

應該是全詞。

If my keys are missing, I've gone fishing.

如果我的鑰匙不見了，我就去釣魚了。

That would rhyme.

這樣就押韻了。

But yes, sometimes if you look at the middle hook, sometimes something is just missing.

不過，是的，有時如果你看看中間的鉤子，有時就會發現少了點什麼。

You don't know where it is.

你不知道它在哪裡。

Have you seen my keys?

你看到我的鑰匙了嗎？

Have you seen my reading glasses?

你看到我的老花鏡了嗎？

That's how you would ask someone to help you find something.

你就是這樣請別人幫你找東西的。

Or can you help me find my glasses?

或者你能幫我找找眼鏡嗎？

Can you help me find my keys?

你能幫我找到鑰匙嗎？

Broken.

壞了

So we mentioned this a bit earlier.

我們之前提到過這個問題。

Sometimes something is just broken.

有時候，有些東西就是壞了。

Maybe the stove is broken.

也許爐子壞了。

Maybe the fridge is broken.

也許冰箱壞了。

It means that it's no longer working.

這意味著它不再起作用了。

When something is broken, it's not working.

東西壞了，就說明沒有用。

So I get frustrated.

所以我很沮喪。

A couple weeks ago, my camera was broken.

幾周前，我的相機壞了。

Or what was broken recently as well?

或者最近有什麼東西也壞了？

I can't remember.

我記不清了。

There was something else that was broken and we had to get it fixed.

還有其他東西壞了，我們必須把它修好。

So anyways, when something isn't working, it is broken.

所以，不管怎麼說，如果有東西壞了，那就是壞了。

A few years ago, our stove was broken and it wasn't repairable.

幾年前，我們家的爐子壞了，無法修理。

So we had to buy a new stove.

是以，我們不得不買了一個新爐子。

But when something's broken, it doesn't work.

但如果有東西壞了，它就無法工作。

Filthy.

骯髒。

So this cooktop or stove is filthy.

所以，這個灶臺或爐子很髒。

It needs to be cleaned.

需要清洗。

When you say something is filthy, it means it is...

當你說某物骯髒時，這意味著它...

I was going to say dirty.

我本來想說髒的。

Dirty would work too.

髒的也可以。

The stovetop is filthy.

爐灶很髒。