The advantage of the robot is that it is able to give us very high dexterity and manoeuvrability in a very small and narrow confined space, which normally a human hand may have a bit of difficulty reaching.

機器人的優勢在於，它能夠讓我們在非常狹小和狹窄的密閉空間內實現非常高的靈巧性和機動性，而通常情況下，人類的手可能很難觸及這些空間。

For car parts, car body will be carried by our robots.

對於汽車零件，我們的機器人將搬運車身。

So car body, during assembly process, will be carried by the bigger robot and go through different assembly process.

是以，在裝配過程中，車身將由更大的機器人承載，並經過不同的裝配過程。

What we are really focusing on is developing the capabilities of our robotic platforms to help the user in a home.

我們真正關注的是開發機器人平臺的功能，以幫助家庭用戶。

But what does a day in one of these roles actually look like?

但是，這些角色的一天究竟是什麼樣的呢？

From helping with household chores, overseeing smart factories, to conducting surgery, they're all working with one technology, This is Most Wanted.

從幫助做家務、監督智能工廠到進行手術，它們都在使用一種技術--《這是最需要的》。

I'm here at Tan Tock Seng Hospital and I'm here to see a surgeon that uses robots in his surgery.

我來到 Tan Tock Seng 醫院，看一位在手術中使用機器人的外科醫生。

So come with me.

跟我來吧

Actually, you can come in this way.

其實，你可以這樣來。

Chong Yew Lam has been a urologist for 16 years and leads the hospital's division of surgery.

Chong Yew Lam 擔任泌尿科醫生已有 16 年，上司著醫院的外科部門。

He uses a surgical robotic system called Da Vinci to help him perform complex surgeries in a minimally invasive way.

他使用一種名為達文西的手術機器人系統，幫助他以微創方式進行復雜的手術。

So this is what we call a robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, which is a keyhole surgery through minimally invasive small incisions on the abdomen to remove the prostate.

這就是我們所說的機器人輔助腹腔鏡前列腺癌根治術，這是一種通過腹部微創小切口切除前列腺的鎖孔手術。

Targeting complete.

目標定位完成。

When we remove the prostate, it's not just removing and then we walk away.

當我們切除前列腺時，並不只是切除後就一走了之。

There's a need to also reconstruct and rejoin the bladder back to the urethra through suturing small incisions and a shorter recovery post-operatively.

還需要通過縫合小切口重建膀胱並將其與尿道重新連接起來，術後恢復期也較短。

That's a key part of the surgery.

這是手術的關鍵部分。

While robotic surgeries have existed for more than two decades, it's still a novelty in the field of medicine.

雖然機器人手術已經存在了二十多年，但在醫學領域仍然是一個新鮮事物。

According to a study, the use of robotic surgery increased from 1.8% to 15.1% from 2012 to 2018.

一項研究顯示，從2012年到2018年，機器人手術的使用率從1.8%增至15.1%。

Prof, we're going to leave you to it now.

教授，我們就不打擾您了。

We'll see you in a bit after the surgery.

手術後我們會再見面的。

So we've just watched Prof Chong hide at work with his team of doctors and nurses and we're going to be speaking to him after he finishes his surgery in a couple of hours.

我們剛剛目睹了莊教授與他的醫生和護士團隊一起工作的場景，幾小時後他將完成手術，我們將與他進行交流。

However, robots have been on factory floors for even longer and they're getting smarter.

然而，機器人出現在工廠工廠中的房間的時間更長，而且越來越聰明。

Nessa, welcome to our smart factory.

妮莎，歡迎來到我們的智能工廠。

Wow, thank you.

哇，謝謝你。

There's so many things happening.

發生的事情太多了。

Yup.

是的。

Kelvin Ching is a senior robotics engineer for Hyundai Motor Group Innovation Centre Singapore, the country's first EV factory.

Kelvin Ching 是現代汽車集團新加坡創新中心（該國首家電動汽車工廠）的高級機器人工程師。

He's showing me how robots assemble the IONIQ 6 model.

他正在向我展示機器人如何組裝 IONIQ 6 模型。

And what are these guys up to?

這些人在幹什麼？

OK, so for all these moving robots, we call them AMR, autonomous mobile robots.

好了，對於所有這些移動機器人，我們稱之為 AMR，即自主移動機器人。

They actually handle a lot of stuff.

他們實際上處理了很多事情。

From logistic area, they need to pick up car parts or even bigger robots will carry car body, travel from cell to cell.

從物流區，它們需要提取汽車零件，甚至更大的機器人會搬運車身，在小區之間穿梭。

Our factory is different from those traditional car manufacturing factories.

我們的工廠不同於那些傳統的汽車製造廠。

We don't actually use conveyor.

我們實際上不用傳送帶。

Our production system is a cell-based system.

我們的生產系統是以細胞為基礎的系統。

So for this cell, mainly it's just for bigger parts assembly.

是以，對於這個單元來說，主要是為了組裝更大的部件。

So now we're going to see the robots put the wheels together.

現在，我們將看到機器人把車輪組裝在一起。

So bigger robots used to pick up the wheels, smaller robots just put nuts onto the wheels.

是以，較大的機器人用來拾起輪子，較小的機器人只是把螺母裝到輪子上。

There's six robots here?

這裡有六個機器人？

Yup.

是的。

For every cell, we have a different set of number of robots because every cell, we have designated processors.

每個單元都有不同數量的機器人，因為每個單元都有指定的處理器。

And these are all robots developed by Hyundai's engineers?

這些機器人都是現代汽車公司的工程師們研發的嗎？

Yes.

是的。

Right, and you're one of them.

沒錯，你就是其中之一。

Because for robotics engineers, people will just think that, OK, you just work on your laptop, programming every day.

因為對於機器人工程師來說，人們只會認為，好吧，你就是每天對著筆記本電腦編程。

It's true, we need to do programming, but there's more to it.

的確，我們需要進行編程，但這還不止於此。

We still need to have some electrical knowledge, mechanical knowledge, so a bit of a jack-of-all-trades.

我們還需要掌握一些電氣知識和機械知識，所以我們需要全能型人才。

Yeah, so it makes the work more interesting.

是啊，這樣工作就更有趣了。

While Hyundai uses smart robots to automate manufacturing, what about smart robots at home?

現代汽車公司利用智能機器人實現自動化生產，那麼家用智能機器人呢？

Dyson is known for its home appliances, but the company is looking to take that one step further.

戴森以生產家用電器而聞名，但該公司希望在此基礎上更進一步。

And all that work starts at its research lab managed by Sean Sebastian, Dyson's robotics research manager.

所有這些工作都始於戴森機器人研究經理肖恩-塞巴斯蒂安管理的研究實驗室。

This setup that we have here has been set up by Sumit, who is our capable robot learning engineer.

蘇米特是我們能幹的機器人學習工程師。

What he's going to show you is how the robotic arm would be able to recognise the scene, understand the scene, make sense of it, and perform the task of tidying based on his prompt.

他要向大家展示的是機械臂如何識別場景、理解場景、理解場景並根據他的提示完成整理任務。

Sean likens teaching robots to an adult teaching a baby by demonstrating actions.

肖恩把教機器人比作大人通過示範動作來教嬰兒。

The robot has two cameras that visually map the scene, and then it decides how it will execute an instruction.

機器人有兩個攝像頭，可以直觀地描繪場景，然後決定如何執行指令。

He already provided the demonstrations, and now he's going to give them text prompt instructions to say, OK, now open the drawer.

他已經提供了示範，現在他要給他們文字提示指令，說 "好，現在打開抽屜"。

Now, clear this toy.

現在，清理這個玩具。

This is what the robot sees right now?

這就是機器人現在看到的景象？

Yes, yes, exactly.

是的，是的，沒錯。

It has planned the path how to reach to the drawer handle. And now we're going to execute that path.

它已經規劃好瞭如何到達抽屜把手的路徑。 現在我們要執行這條路徑。

You think opening just one drawer is a simple task, but it's actually pretty complicated when you think about it.

你以為打開一個抽屜是件簡單的事，但仔細想想其實很複雜。

Yeah, it's difficult for my son to do it as well.

是啊，我兒子也很難做到。

I love how this is equatable for your old son.

我喜歡這對你的老兒子來說是等價的。

Everything we do is for the consumer at home.

我們所做的一切都是為了消費者。

So a lot of my biases come to it as well.

是以，我的很多偏見也會隨之而來。

I want them to do all these chores that I don't want to do.

我想讓他們做這些我不想做的家務。

What's the end goal for this?

這樣做的最終目的是什麼？

Home is a very challenging environment.

家庭是一個非常具有挑戰性的環境。

It's highly dynamic, it's unstructured.

它是高度動態的，是非結構化的。

So that's why we have to make this technology reliable, repeatable, and not only that, we have to make it safe.

是以，我們必須使這項技術可靠、可重複，不僅如此，我們還必須使它安全。

Here, it's really about, can we do it?

在這裡，真正的問題是，我們能做到嗎？

Are we able to imbue such capabilities in our robotic technology?

我們的機器人技術是否具備這種能力？

Testing these robot prototypes before deploying them in a live setting is an important task for engineers and end-users alike.

對工程師和最終用戶來說，在實際環境中部署這些機器人原型之前對其進行測試是一項重要任務。

Back in the operating room, I caught up with Yu Lam after his successful surgery on a man who was diagnosed with prostate cancer.

在手術室裡，Yu Lam 為一名被診斷出患有前列腺癌的男子成功實施了手術。

I can show you around.

我可以帶你四處轉轉。

This is the console.

這就是控制檯。

Basically, it's like the flight deck where I use my hands to be able to control the controllers to manoeuvre the instruments in various directions, in and out, up and down, twist, rotation motion, and even move like a wrist.

基本上，這就像飛行甲板，我用雙手控制控制器，向不同方向操縱儀器，包括進出、上下、扭轉、旋轉運動，甚至像手腕一樣移動。

The pedals below look a bit like an organ, so you must be able to use both your left and right feet all at the same time to control various instruments, the various energies you use to cut or to stop bleeding, etc., and also to control the movement of the camera.

下面的踏板看起來有點像風琴，所以你必須能夠同時使用左右腳來控制各種儀器、用於切割或止血的各種能量等，還能控制攝影機的移動。

You're able to have stereoscopic vision or binocular vision, so you have depth perception.

你能擁有立體視覺或雙眼視覺，是以你有深度知覺。

But what if the robot breaks down?

但如果機器人壞了怎麼辦？

Yu Lam credits much of the heavy lifting to his team of nurses.

餘林認為，這些繁重的工作主要歸功於他的護士團隊。

Both surgeons and nurses in Singapore are trained in countries like Japan and the US to operate and troubleshoot the Da Vinci robots.

新加坡的外科醫生和護士都在日本和美國等國家接受過達文西機器人操作和故障排除方面的培訓。

And you're transferring these skills to the next generation of surgeons?

你正在將這些技能傳授給下一代外科醫生？

Yeah.

是啊

This handsome guy, Paul Daniel.

這位帥哥，保羅-丹尼爾。

Hi, Dr Daniel.

你好，丹尼爾博士。

What made you want to do robotic surgery?

是什麼讓您想做機器人手術？

When I was training to be a urologist, robot surgery was one of the most exciting and developing spaces.

在我接受泌尿科醫生培訓時，機器人手術是最令人興奮、最具發展前景的領域之一。

Was it a very steep learning curve for you?

這對你來說是一個非常陡峭的學習曲線嗎？

First off, you have to do some computer simulation, some theoretical information that you need to know.

首先，你必須做一些計算機模擬，瞭解一些你需要知道的理論資訊。

Initially, we'll start off with being an assistant.

最初，我們先從助理做起。

So yes, this is how you can change the robot instruments to control the robot arms.

沒錯，這就是改變機器人儀器來控制機械臂的方法。

It takes a while though.

但這需要一段時間。

It took at least two years before I could actually do a surgery.

至少過了兩年，我才能真正做手術。

Surgeries using the Da Vinci robot are widely practised all over the world in multiple surgical procedures, including chest and heart surgery.

使用達文西機器人進行的手術在全世界廣泛應用於多種外科手術，包括胸部和心臟手術。

Certainly, this is something that I think some of the young surgeons look forward to.

當然，我認為這是一些年輕外科醫生所期待的。

They think that it's interesting, they find it almost sexy.

他們認為這很有趣，他們覺得這近乎性感。

In the coming years, as more and more robotic platforms are available, I think there'll be more competition as well.

未來幾年，隨著機器人平臺越來越多，我認為競爭也會越來越激烈。

That may help moderate some of the costs involved.

這可能有助於降低一些相關費用。

But we also must be careful that such technology is not a one-size-fits-all for all surgeries.

但我們也必須注意，這種技術並不是適用於所有手術的萬能技術。

This is my breakout where I test my robot and my algorithm.

這是我的突破口，我在這裡測試我的機器人和算法。

We try to mimic the robot in our production.

我們嘗試在生產中模仿機器人。

Those are the robots you're referring to in the smart factory?

那些就是你說的智能工廠裡的機器人？

Yup.

是的。

So what we did is we replaced the laser with real-time locating system sensors.

是以，我們用實時定位系統傳感器取代了激光器。

This actually brings down the cost of the robot and actually provides a much more accurate positioning as well.

這實際上降低了機器人的成本，同時也提供了更精確的定位。

In the same building, a robotic arm is being tested to move car parts around the factory floor.

在同一棟大樓裡，一臺機械臂正在進行測試，以便在工廠工廠中的房間裡移動汽車零件。

It's designed to be deployed at the logistics side where we pick parts from our warehouse into set boxes that you see over here.

它被設計部署在物流方面，我們從倉庫中挑選零件，裝入你們在這裡看到的貨櫃中。

In these set boxes, they comprise a combination of different parts.

在這些套裝盒中，它們由不同的部件組合而成。

So the assembly team will then take these parts and assemble them.

是以，裝配團隊將把這些部件組裝起來。

When you said playground, you weren't kidding.

當你說遊樂場時，你不是在開玩笑。

Playing with robots and driving them all day.

整天玩機器人和駕駛機器人。

This is like every kid's dream job.

這簡直是每個孩子夢寐以求的工作。

However, in robotics, playing is serious business, especially in a home environment.

然而，在機器人領域，玩耍是一件嚴肅的事情，尤其是在家庭環境中。

Whatever technologies we develop in the lab, we can come here to the home environment to test it out with similar lighting conditions, similar household appliances.

無論我們在實驗室裡開發出什麼技術，我們都可以來到家庭環境中，用類似的照明條件、類似的家用電器進行測試。

Over here, what we have is a robotic arm in front of an oven.

在這裡，我們在烤箱前看到的是一個機械臂。

It uses the latest in generative AI techniques.

它採用了最新的人工智能生成技術。

We don't provide any information of the oven to the robot.

我們不向機器人提供烤箱的任何資訊。

The forces, especially for an oven, it's quite heavy forces.

尤其是對烤箱來說，這種力量是相當大的。

The robot has to deal with that.

機器人必須解決這個問題。

So there's a lot of uncertainty.

是以，不確定性很大。

It's taking the RGB images from the environment and then predicting constantly what's the path to take.

它從環境中獲取 RGB 影像，然後不斷預測路徑。

This kind of really informs us where we should really place our sensors once we go about designing the product.

這讓我們真正瞭解到，在設計產品時，傳感器到底應該放在哪裡。

So you guys are all robotics engineers.

你們都是機器人工程師？

What's it like?

它是什麼樣的？

Robotics, it's an interdisciplinary field.

機器人技術是一個跨學科領域。

People see successful videos of the robotic demos, but that's actually not usually the case because as a roboticist, you know that it fails multiple times before it reaches a success.

人們看到的是成功的機器人演示視頻，但實際上通常不是這樣，因為作為一名機器人專家，你知道它在成功之前會失敗多次。

I think even if we fail, it's very important that we learn why we fail so that we don't fear failure, but embrace it.

我認為，即使我們失敗了，我們也應該瞭解失敗的原因，這樣我們就不會害怕失敗，而是會擁抱失敗，這一點非常重要。

The moment you actually, as a team, make something happen, it's a really exciting thing.

作為一個團隊，當你真正做出成績的那一刻，真的很激動人心。

Besides understanding the technicalities of the machines they're operating, robotic engineers are also expected to have programming skills and an understanding of how different technologies can be integrated together.

除了瞭解所操作機器的技術細節外，機器人工程師還需要具備編程技能，並瞭解如何將不同的技術整合在一起。

In this field, technology is evolving every day.

在這一領域，技術日新月異。

So we definitely need to be curious about all the latest technology.

是以，我們一定要對所有最新技術充滿好奇。

People always say robots will take over your jobs.

人們總說機器人會取代你們的工作。

What do you think about that?

你對此有何看法？

Human and robot are actually harmonised, working together.

人類和機器人實際上是和諧共處的。

So for robots, as you can see, they are doing some repetitive tasks, where for humans like us, we'll just work on more innovative tasks and work on some R&D.

是以，對於機器人來說，正如你所看到的，它們在做一些重複性的工作，而對於像我們這樣的人類來說，我們只會做一些更具創新性的工作，從事一些研發工作。

This technology, it's here to stay.

這項技術將繼續存在。

Robotic surgery or any new technology platform that provides improved visibility, improved dexterity and precision will always have a place in surgery.

機器人手術或任何能提高可視性、靈巧性和精確性的新技術平臺都將在外科手術中佔有一席之地。

The tool doesn't define you as a surgeon.

工具並不能決定你是一名外科醫生。

It's making sure that you identify the right conditions and the right application, the right tools for the right patients.

要確保為合適的病人確定合適的條件、合適的應用、合適的工具。