European Union. Prime Minister David Cameron is urging the nation to stay in the EU -- and

英國首相卡麥隆大力呼籲不要退出

this is one of the major reasons why. This is the Calais ‘Jungle’ -- an expansive

其中一大原因便是：加萊「叢林」難民營

migrant camp in Calais, northern France. Here many attempt to reach the UK everyday by illegally

這座位於法國北部加萊地區的難民營所費不貲，每天都有許多移民

crossing the Channel, by ferry or through the Eurotunnel. Though Calais does have one

試圖違法穿越英吉利海峽前往英國，坐船或走海底隧道都有

of the most secure borders in Europe, Cameron is concerned that this could change if the

儘管加萊邊境的控管之嚴格名冠歐洲，卡麥隆仍擔心

British Exit from the EU or “Brexit”, should go through. So why exactly is the Calais

英國若退出歐盟、或「脫歐」，邊境情況恐會生變

border in jeopardy and what does it mean for the UK?

為何加萊邊境有危險？對英國又會帶來什麼影響？

In the last year, wave after wave of migrants have arrived at the Calais Jungle, and thousands

去年，移民前仆後繼湧入加萊叢林難民營

have attempted to illegally cross the border into the UK. Migrants from war-torn countries

上千人試圖違法入境英國，來自烽火國家的移民

like Syria, Sudan and Afghanistan, try to scale or break through fences in order to

如敘利亞、蘇丹和阿富汗，嘗試攀越或破壞圍籬

climb onto trains or trucks going across the Channel to England.

以便跳上開往英國海底隧道的火車或卡車

Life in the camp is hard and people here live in squalid conditions, with very little food

難民營內生活條件惡劣、糧食短缺

and no access to basic amenities. The camp is now being dismantled, yet many migrants

更沒有基本生活用品，法國政府正逐步拆除營區

are still risking life and limb to try and reach the UK. Like France, the UK government

仍有許多移民不顧性命安全想前往英國

offers allowances in housing, healthcare and education to refugees. But because many migrants

英國和法國政府都提供難民住屋、醫療和教育津貼，但許多移民想去英國

speak English, the UK is more desireable as many believe that finding work will be easier

因為他們會說英語，認為在英國比較容易找到工作

there.

But few ever make it across the Channel because of the the strict security on the Calais border.

但真的渡過海峽的人少之又少，因為加萊邊境管制十分嚴格

The border is well financed and that’s attributed to a pact between the UK and France, called

加萊邊境資金充裕，因為英法兩國簽訂勒圖凱協議

the Le Touquet Treaty. Formed in 2003, the treaty allows British immigration officials

協議簽於2003年，內容准許英國移民局官員

to conduct passport checks on French soil and allows French immigration to do the same

在法國領土上進行護照檢查，法國官員在英國也有相同權力

in the UK. As David Cameron points out, what this technically means, is that the UK border

卡麥隆指出，如此一來英國形同把邊境設在法國

falls in France.

...It's an agreement that means that our borders are effectively in Calais not in Dover. That

這個協議讓我們能夠將邊境設在加萊，而非多佛

is good for Britain. I want us to keep that.

這對英國是好事，我想維持現況

That is why we've helped with fencing, that's why we've helped with finances, that's why

這也是為何我們幫忙搭圍籬、出錢

we've helped with border guards and cooperation and all the rest of it.

派邊境護衛、共同合作等等

In fact, it’s estimated that the UK government is set to spend 12 million pounds on Calais

事實上，據估計英國政府未來三年將耗資1200萬英鎊

border security over the next three years. And some of that money has already gone toward

以加強加萊邊境安全，有一部分已用在擴增安全圍籬和監視器

expanding security fences and monitoring, conducted by heavily-armed French riot police

由法國重裝鎮暴警察巡邏

and CCTV cameras.

以及安裝CCTV攝影機監錄

So why is it so critical for the UK to maintain their security measures in Calais? Well, in

究竟為何維持加萊安全對英國如此重要？

order to claim asylum in Britain under the 1951 Geneva Convention, migrants can only

1951年日內瓦公約規定英國的庇護條件

apply for refugee status if they are on UK soil. So if the Calais border, complete with

移民必須身在英國領土才能提出申請，所以加萊實施邊境管控

UK checkpoints is maintained, migrants have virtually zero chance of ever setting foot

加上英國檢查哨攔阻，移民想踏足英國領土難如登天

on UK territory and therefore can’t qualify for asylum there.

因此無法申請庇護

And this is what David Cameron is afraid Britain’s exit from the EU, will destroy. He’s concerned

卡麥隆怕的就是英國退出歐盟會破壞這一切

that France will dissolve the Le Touquet Treaty, meaning the UK border in Calais will have

他擔心法國不再承認協議，這樣英國的加萊邊境將退回其本土

to return to British shores.

The fact is there are a lot of opposition politicians in France who would love an excuse

這會讓法國很多反對派政治人物找到藉口

to tear up that treaty and would like the border not to be in France but to be in Britain.

趁機毀約，讓英國邊境退出法國領土

Essentially, he’s worried that there will be little stopping migrants from entering

他最擔憂的是如此一來便難以阻止移民入境英國

the UK. And French President Francois Hollande has certainly added fuel to Cameron’s fears

而法國總統歐蘭德的態度，的確也讓卡麥隆對脫歐一事焦慮不已

over the Brexit, commenting,

歐蘭德說

“there will be consequences ... especially in the way we handle the situation in terms

(英國脫歐)會有代價，尤其是我們處理移民的方法會改變

of immigration.”

In other words, Hollande is issuing a warning to the UK. Which is why Cameron is being so

換言之，歐蘭德是在警告英國

outspoken about staying in the European Union.

這也是為何卡麥隆公開支持留在歐盟

If we can get this deal in Europe...You know that the borders stay in Calais, you know

如果我們留在歐盟內，就能保住加萊邊境

that we have a seat determining (sic) the rules when it comes to the future of Europe...

就能保有歐盟席位，才能決定歐盟法條和未來走向

Though Cameron continues to argue that he is trying to protect the UK from having it’s

雖然卡麥隆聲稱一切都是為了保護英國免於難民危機

own Calais Jungle, some critics say that he is merely trying to scare the British people

有些人批評他只是想嚇唬英國人繼續留在歐盟內

into staying in the EU. Whatever the case may be, the Prime Minister seems determined

無論如何，卡麥隆似乎已經下定決心

not to move the UK border from France.

絕不將加萊邊境從法國撤除

David Cameron may not want to leave the European Union but there are many others in the UK

也許卡麥隆不想脫歐，但英國還有許多人持相反意見

that would like to go. Check out this video on Why The UK Wants To Leave The EU.

請看「英國為何想退出歐盟」

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