let's start out by admitting we're lucky.

讓我們從承認我們很幸運開始吧。

We don't live in the world

我們不是生活在

our mothers lived in, our grandmothers lived in,

我們的母親生活的世界，我們的祖母生活的世界，

where career choices for women were so limited.

那時婦女的職業選擇是如此有限。

And if you're in this room today,

如果你今天在這個房間裡，

most of us grew up in a world

我們大多數人成長在一個

where we had basic civil rights,

有基本的公民權利的世界裡。

and amazingly, we still live in a world

而令人驚奇的是我們仍然生活在

where some women don't have them.

一個有些女性沒有這些權利的世界裡。

But all that aside, we still have a problem,

除此以外，我們還有一個問題，

and it's a real problem.

一個真正的問題。

And the problem is this:

而這個問題是：

Women are not making it

女人並沒有成為

to the top of any profession

任何專業的頂峰，

anywhere in the world.

在世界任何地方。

The numbers tell the story quite clearly.

數字可以很清晰的說明這個故事。

190 heads of state --

一百九十位國家元首 --

nine are women.

有九個是婦女。

Of all the people in parliament in the world,

在世界上所有的議會裡的人，

13 percent are women.

百分之十三是婦女。

In the corporate sector,

在企業部門，

women at the top,

在頂端的婦女，

C-level jobs, board seats --

C級職位，董事會席位 --

tops out at 15, 16 percent.

頂多是百分之十五、十六。

The numbers have not moved since 2002

自2002年以來，這些數字都沒有變化，

and are going in the wrong direction.

還是朝著錯誤的方向邁進。

And even in the non-profit world,

即使在非營利的世界裡，

a world we sometimes think of

一個我們有時會想

as being led by more women,

是由婦女領導的世界，

women at the top: 20 percent.

在頂端的婦女：百分之二十。

We also have another problem,

我們還面臨著另一個問題，

which is that women face harder choices

就是婦女在職業成就和個人實現方面

between professional success and personal fulfillment.

面對較艱難的選擇。

A recent study in the U.S.

在美國最近的一項研究表明，

showed that, of married senior managers,

已婚的高級管理人員，

two-thirds of the married men had children

三分之二的是已婚而有孩子的男性，

and only one-third of the married women had children.

只有三分之一的是已婚而有孩子的婦女。

A couple of years ago, I was in New York,

幾年前，我在紐約，

and I was pitching a deal,

我在談一宗交易，

and I was in one of those fancy New York private equity offices

我在一個別緻的紐約私募基金辦公室，

you can picture.

你能想像。

And I'm in the meeting -- it's about a three-hour meeting --

而我在會議 -- 這是個大約三小時的會議 --

and two hours in, there kind of needs to be that bio break,

在兩小時時，大家需要一種生理小息，

and everyone stands up,

每個人都站起來，

and the partner running the meeting

而那個舉行會議的合作夥伴

starts looking really embarrassed.

開始看起來真的很尷尬。

And I realized he doesn't know

我意識到他不知道哪裡

where the women's room is in his office.

他的辦公室哪裡有女洗手間。

So I start looking around for moving boxes,

所以我開始環顧四周找那些搬運的箱子，

figuring they just moved in, but I don't see any.

心想他們才剛搬進來，但我也看不到。

And so I said, "Did you just move into this office?"

所以我說，“你剛剛搬進這個辦公室嗎？”

And he said, "No, we've been here about a year."

而他說：“不，我們已經在這裡差不多一年。”

And I said, "Are you telling me

我說，“你是不是告訴我

that I am the only woman

我是這一年裡在這個辦公室裡

to have pitched a deal in this office in a year?"

談交易的唯一一個女人？”

And he looked at me, and he said,

他看著我，他說：“是啊。

"Yeah. Or maybe you're the only one who had to go to the bathroom."

或許你是唯一一個要去洗手間的。”

(Laughter)

（眾笑）

So the question is,

所以問題是，

how are we going to fix this?

我們如何去解決這個問題？

How do we change these numbers at the top?

我們如何改變這些在頂端的數字？

How do we make this different?

我們如何令它不同？

I want to start out by saying,

我想開始說，

I talk about this --

我講這一點 --

about keeping women in the workforce --

關於讓婦女留在職場 --

because I really think that's the answer.

因為我真的認為這是問題的答案。

In the high-income part of our workforce,

在勞動人口中高收入的一群，

in the people who end up at the top --

在那群最終在頂端的人裡 --

Fortune 500 CEO jobs,

財富500強的CEO職位，

or the equivalent in other industries --

或等值的其它行業 --

the problem, I am convinced,

問題，我深信，

is that women are dropping out.

是婦女退出了。

Now people talk about this a lot,

現在人們經常談論這個，

and they talk about things like flextime and mentoring

他們談論像彈性時間和顧問指導的事

and programs companies should have to train women.

和公司應該有計劃培訓婦女。

I want to talk about none of that today,

我今天不想說任何一個 --

even though that's all really important.

儘管這一切都非常重要。

Today I want to focus on what we can do as individuals.

今天，我希望把重點放在我們個人能做些什麼。

What are the messages we need to tell ourselves?

什麼是我們需要告訴自己的信息？

What are the messages we tell the women who work with and for us?

有什麼信息是我們要告訴那些與我們工作和為我們工作的婦女？

What are the messages we tell our daughters?

有什麼信息是我們要告訴女兒的？

Now, at the outset, I want to be very clear

現在，首先，我要非常清楚，

that this speech comes with no judgments.

這個演講沒有定論。

I don't have the right answer.

我沒有正確答案，

I don't even have it for myself.

連我自己都沒有。

I left San Francisco, where I live, on Monday,

我離開舊金山，我住的地方，在星期一，

and I was getting on the plane for this conference.

我為了這個會議上飛機。

And my daughter, who's three, when I dropped her off at preschool,

而我的女兒，三歲，當我在幼兒園放下她時，

did that whole hugging-the-leg,

她整個抱著我的腿，

crying, "Mommy, don't get on the plane" thing.

哭叫著：“媽媽，不要上飛機” 的東西。

This is hard. I feel guilty sometimes.

這是困難的。有時我感到內疚。

I know no women,

我知道沒有婦女，

whether they're at home or whether they're in the workforce,

無論她們在家，還是在職場，

who don't feel that sometimes.

有時候不覺得那樣。

So I'm not saying that staying in the workforce

所以我不是說留在職場

is the right thing for everyone.

對所有人來說都是正確的事。

My talk today is about what the messages are

我今天的講座是關於提供什麼信息給大家，

if you do want to stay in the workforce,

如果你真的想繼續留在職場

and I think there are three.

我認為有三種。

One, sit at the table.

一，坐在桌旁。

Two, make your partner a real partner.

二，使你的合作夥伴成為一個真正的合作夥伴。

And three, don't leave before you leave.

三，不要你離開之前離開。

Number one: sit at the table.

第一：坐在桌旁。

Just a couple weeks ago at Facebook,

就在幾個星期前，在Facebook的辦公室裡，

we hosted a very senior government official,

我們招待了一個很高級的政府官員，

and he came in to meet with senior execs

他來跟在矽谷周邊的

from around Silicon Valley.

高管會面。

And everyone kind of sat at the table.

每個人都坐在桌子旁。

And then he had these two women who were traveling with him

而他有兩個跟他一起出訪的女人

who were pretty senior in his department,

她們在他部門也算高級的。

and I kind of said to them, "Sit at the table. Come on, sit at the table,"

而且我客氣地對她們說：“坐在桌旁。來吧，坐在桌旁。”

and they sat on the side of the room.

而他們坐在房間的一旁。

When I was in college my senior year,

當我在大學畢業那年，

I took a course called European Intellectual History.

我報讀了一個名為歐洲思想史課程。

Don't you love that kind of thing from college?

你不喜歡大學的那種事情嗎。

I wish I could do that now.

我希望我現在能做到了。

And I took it with my roommate, Carrie,

我和我的室友，嘉莉，一起報讀，

who was then a brilliant literary student --

她當時是一個傑出的文學學生 --

and went on to be a brilliant literary scholar --

而發展成一個傑出的文學學者 --

and my brother --

而我的弟弟 --

smart guy, but a water-polo-playing pre-med,

聰明的傢伙，但是一個打水球的醫學預科生，

who was a sophomore.

是個二年級學生。

The three of us take this class together.

我們三人一起上課。

And then Carrie reads all the books

嘉莉讀了所有的書

in the original Greek and Latin,

包括希臘和拉丁文原文 --

goes to all the lectures.

上了所有的演講 --

I read all the books in English

我讀了所有的英文書籍

and go to most of the lectures.

去了大部分的演講。

My brother is kind of busy.

我弟弟比較忙；

He reads one book of 12

他讀了十二本書的其中一本

and goes to a couple of lectures,

上了幾課演講，

marches himself up to our room

他遊行到我們的房間

a couple days before the exam to get himself tutored.

在考試前幾天讓自己被我們輔導。

The three of us go to the exam together, and we sit down.

我們三人一起去考試，我們坐下。

And we sit there for three hours --

我們坐在那裡三個小時 --

and our little blue notebooks -- yes, I'm that old.

我們的藍色小筆記本 -- 是的，我就是那麼老。

And we walk out, and we look at each other, and we say, "How did you do?"

我們走出來，看了看對方，而我們說，“你做得怎樣？”

And Carrie says, "Boy, I feel like I didn't really draw out the main point

嘉莉說，“各位，我覺得我並沒有真正畫出

on the Hegelian dialectic."

黑格爾的辯證法的重點。”

And I say, "God, I really wish I had really connected

而我說：“上帝，我真的希望我有真正連接

John Locke's theory of property with the philosophers who follow."

洛克的財產理論與哲學家的後續。”

And my brother says,

我弟弟說：

"I got the top grade in the class."

“我得到了全班最好的成績。”

"You got the top grade in the class?

“你得到了全班最好的成績？

You don't know anything."

你什麼都不知道。”

The problem with these stories

這些故事的問題是，

is that they show what the data shows:

他們顯示了數據顯示：

women systematically underestimate their own abilities.

女性系統性地低估了自己的能力。

If you test men and women,

如果你測試男人和女人，

and you ask them questions on totally objective criteria like GPAs,

你問他們一些有完全客觀的標準的問題，像GPA（大學學分），

men get it wrong slightly high,

男人把它錯估稍高，

and women get it wrong slightly low.

女人把它錯估稍低。

Women do not negotiate for themselves in the workforce.

婦女不為她們自己在職場作談判。

A study in the last two years

在過去兩年的一項關於

of people entering the workforce out of college

離開校門進入職場的人的研究，

showed that 57 percent of boys entering,

發現百分之五十七的男孩進入 --

or men, I guess,

或者男人，我猜 --

are negotiating their first salary,

有為他們的第一份工資談判，

and only seven percent of women.

只有百分之七的婦女有談判。

And most importantly,

而最重要的是，

men attribute their success to themselves,

男人把成功歸因於自己，

and women attribute it to other external factors.

而婦女把它歸功於其他外部因素。

If you ask men why they did a good job,

如果你問男人，為什麼他們的工作做得不錯，

they'll say, "I'm awesome.

他們會說，“我棒極了。

Obviously. Why are you even asking?"

很明顯。為什麼你還需要問？”

If you ask women why they did a good job,

如果你問婦女為什麼她們的工作做得很好，

what they'll say is someone helped them,

她們會說是有人幫助她們，

they got lucky, they worked really hard.

她們很幸運，她們真的很辛苦工作。

Why does this matter?

為什麼這有影響呢？

Boy, it matters a lot

各位，這是相當重要的，

because no one gets to the corner office

因為沒有人會選擇坐在辦公室角落

by sitting on the side, not at the table,

坐在一邊的，而不是在桌邊的人。

and no one gets the promotion

而沒有人會得到晉升，

if they don't think they deserve their success,

如果她們不認為她們應該得到屬於自己的成功，

or they don't even understand their own success.

或者她們甚至不認識自己的成功。

I wish the answer were easy.

我希望答案是很容易的。

I wish I could just go tell all the young women I work for,

我希望我能去告訴所有跟我一起工作的年輕女人，

all these fabulous women,

所有那些極好的婦女，

"Believe in yourself and negotiate for yourself.

“相信自己，為你自己進行談判。

Own your own success."

你擁有自己的成功。”

I wish I could tell that to my daughter.

我希望我能告訴我的女兒。

But it's not that simple.

但它不是那麼簡單。

Because what the data shows, above all else, is one thing,

因為數據顯示，高於一切，是一件事 --

which is that success and likeability

那就是成功和討喜

are positively correlated for men

對男性呈正相關，

and negatively correlated for women.

對女性呈負相關。

And everyone's nodding,

而每個人都點頭，

because we all know this to be true.

因為我們都知道這是真的。

There's a really good study that shows this really well.

有一個很好的研究非常好的顯示了這個。

There's a famous Harvard Business School study

有一個著名的哈佛商學院的研究

on a woman named Heidi Roizen.

關於一個叫海蒂·羅森的女人。

And she's an operator in a company

她是公司的一個經營者

in Silicon Valley,

在矽谷，

and she uses her contacts

而她用她的人脈

to become a very successful venture capitalist.

成為一個非常成功的風險資本家。

In 2002 -- not so long ago --

在2002 -- 不久前 --

a professor who was then at Columbia University

一位當時在哥倫比亞大學的教授

took that case and made it Howard Roizen.

拿這個案例，把她改成霍華‧德羅森。

And he gave the case out, both of them,

他提出案例 -- 兩個案例 --

to two groups of students.

給兩組學生。

He changed exactly one word:

他只改變了一個字：

"Heidi" to "Howard."

海蒂 改成 霍華德。

But that one word made a really big difference.

但是，這一個字做了非常大的差異。

He then surveyed the students,

然後他訪問那些學生。

and the good news was the students, both men and women,

好消息，這些是學生，無論男女，

thought Heidi and Howard were equally competent,

都覺得海蒂和霍華德同樣勝任，

and that's good.

這很好。

The bad news was that everyone liked Howard.

而壞消息是，每個人都喜歡霍華德。

He's a great guy. You want to work for him.

他是一個很棒的傢伙，你想為他工作，

You want to spend the day fishing with him.

你想花一天時間與他捕魚。

But Heidi? Not so sure.

但海蒂？不敢肯定。

She's a little out for herself. She's a little political.

她有一點點少了自己。她有一點點政治化。

You're not sure you'd want to work for her.

你不知道自己要不要為她工作。

This is the complication.

這就是併發症。

We have to tell our daughters and our colleagues,

我們要告訴我們的女兒和同事，

we have to tell ourselves to believe we got the A,

我們要告訴自己，相信我們得到了A，

to reach for the promotion,

以達到晉升，

to sit at the table,

坐在桌邊。

and we have to do it in a world

而且我們必須這樣做，

where, for them, there are sacrifices they will make for that,

在一個世界裡，對她們來說將要犧牲來彌補這一點，

even though for their brothers, there are not.

儘管對兄弟來說沒有。

The saddest thing about all of this is that it's really hard to remember this.

關於這一切最可悲的一點是，我們真的很難記住這一點。

And I'm about to tell a story which is truly embarrassing for me,

而我要告訴大家一個對我來說確實很尷尬的故事，

but I think important.

但我認為重要的。

I gave this talk at Facebook not so long ago

我在不久之前在Facebook做這個演講，

to about 100 employees,

約有一百名員工。

and a couple hours later, there was a young woman who works there

而幾個小時後，有一名在這裡工作的年輕女子

sitting outside my little desk,

坐在我的小桌子外面，

and she wanted to talk to me.

她想和我說話。

I said, okay, and she sat down, and we talked.

我說，好吧，她坐了下來，和我們交談。

And she said, "I learned something today.

她說，“我今天學到了一些東西。

I learned that I need to keep my hand up."

我學到我需要保持舉手。”

I said, "What do you mean?"

我說：“你是什麼意思？”

She said, "Well, you're giving this talk,

她說：“嗯，你做這個講座，

and you said you were going to take two more questions.

而你說你會接納多兩個問題。

And I had my hand up with lots of other people, and you took two more questions.

我和其他大量的人都舉了手，而你接納了兩個問題。

And I put my hand down, and I noticed all the women put their hand down,

當我把我的手放下來，我注意到所有的女人都把自己的手放下來，

and then you took more questions,

然後你又接納了更多的問題，

only from the men."

只從男人。“

And I thought to myself,

我心想，

wow, if it's me -- who cares about this, obviously --