Not just one future,

我靠造訪未來來為生。

but many possible futures,

不只是一個未來，

bringing back evidences from those futures for you to experience today.

而是好幾個可能的未來，

Like an archaeologist of the future.

從那些未來帶回證據， 讓你們今天能夠體驗。

Over the years, my many journeys have brought back things

我就像一位未來的考古學家。

like a new species of synthetically engineered bees;

多年來，我多趟的旅行 帶回來的東西包括

a book named, "Pets as Protein;"

新品種人工合成的蜜蜂、

a machine that makes you rich by trading your genetic data;

一本名為「以寵物作為蛋白質」的書、

a lamp powered by sugar;

一台透過買賣你的基因資料 來讓你致富的機器、

a computer for growing food.

一盞以糖為能源的燈、

OK, so I don't actually travel to different futures -- yet.

一台種糧食用的電腦。

But my husband Jon and I spend a lot of time thinking

好吧，我其實無法旅行到 不同的未來，目前還無法。

and creating visions of different futures in our studio.

但我和我的老公，強，花了很多時間

We are constantly looking out for weak signals,

在我們的工作室裡思考 並創造不同未來的想法。

those murmurs of future potential.

我們經常在尋找微弱的訊號，

Then we trace those threads of potential out into the future, asking:

即那些關於未來可能性的私語。

What might it feel like to live in this future?

接著，我們追蹤這些可能性， 一路追蹤到未來，並問：

What might we see, hear and even breathe?

生活在這個未來裡的感覺會是如何？

Then we run experiments, build prototypes, make objects,

我們可能會看到、聽到、 甚至呼吸到什麼？

bringing aspects of these futures to life,

接著，我們進行實驗、 建立原型、製作實物，

making them concrete and tangible

呈現這些未來的外觀，

so you can really feel the impact of those future possibilities

讓這些未來的實體成形，

here and now.

使你們當下得以在此感受到

But this work is not about predictions.

這些未來可能帶來的衝擊。

It's about creating tools --

但這並不是在做預測，

tools that can help connect our present and our future selves

而是在創造工具，

so we become active participants in creating a future we want --

能協助我們連結現在的自我 與未來的自我的工具，

a future that works for all.

使我們成為主動的參與者， 共同打造一個我們渴望的未來，

So how do we go about doing this?

一個對大家而言都行得通的未來。

For a recent project called Drone Aviary,

我們如何做呢？

we were interested in exploring

近期有一個名為 「鳥舍無人機」的計畫，

what it would mean to live with drones in our cities.

我們想要探究的是

Drones that have the power to see things we can't,

與無人機一同生活在城市的涵義。

to go places we can't

無人機可以看見我們看不見的東西，

and to do so with increasing autonomy.

到達我們到達不了的地方，

But to understand the technology,

且它們這麼做時還有著自主權。

getting our hands dirty was crucial.

但為了解這樣科技，

So we built several different drones in our studio.

親自下海去做是很重要的。

We gave them names, functions and then flew them --

所以我們在工作室裡 打造了幾架不同的無人機，

but not without difficulty.

為它們命名，給它們功能， 並操作它們飛行。

Things came loose,

但不是沒遇到困難，比如

GPS signals glitched

有些東西會鬆掉、

and drones crashed.

GPS訊號故障、

But it was through such experimentation

還有無人機墜機。

that we could construct a very concrete and very experiential slice

但是就是透過這樣的實驗，

of one possible future.

我們才能夠打造出 可能未來的其中一小部份，

So now, let's go to that future.

具體且來自經驗的一小部份。

Let's imagine we are living in a city with drones like this one.

所以，現在，我們前往那個未來吧。

We call it The Nightwatchman.

想像我們與像這樣的無人機 一同住在一個城市中。

It patrols the streets, often spotted in the evenings and at night.

我們稱這台為「守夜者」。

Initially, many of us were annoyed by its low, dull hum.

它會在街上巡邏， 通常在傍晚和晚上可以看到它。

But then, like everything else, we got used to it.

剛開始，很多人會覺得 它低沉單調的嗡嗡聲很惱人。

Now, what if you could see the world through its eyes?

但和我們習慣其他的事物一樣， 接下來我們習慣了它。

See how it constantly logs every resident of our neighborhood;

假如你能夠透過它的眼睛 來看世界，會是怎樣的？

logging the kids who play football in the no-ballgame area

看看它如何不斷在記錄 我們街坊中的每位居民；

and marking them as statutory nuisances.

記錄在禁止球類運動區中 玩足球的那些孩子，

(Laughter)

並將他們標記為法定滋擾者。

And then see how it disperses this other group, who are teenagers,

（笑聲）

with the threat of an autonomously issued injunction.

然後看它如何驅散這群青少年，

And then there's this giant floating disc called Madison.

靠的是威脅要自動簽發強制令。

Its glaring presence is so overpowering,

還有這台名叫麥迪森的巨大飛碟。

I can't help but stare at it.

它顯眼的存在給人壓迫感，

But if feels like each time I look at it,

我忍不住盯著它看。

it knows a little more about me --

但感覺每當我多看它一眼，

like it keeps flashing all these Brianair adverts at me,

它就多了解我一點。

as if it knows about the holiday I'm planning.

就像它不斷對我呈現那些 Brianair 航空公司的廣告，

I'm not sure if I find this mildly entertaining

彷彿它知道我正規劃著假期一般。

or just entirely invasive.

我不太確定我的感受，

Back to the present.

是有點好玩，還是全然被冒犯了。

In creating this future, we learned a lot.

回到現在，

Not just about how these machines work,

在創造這個未來時，我們學到很多。

but what it would feel like to live alongside them.

不只學到這些機器如何運作，

Whilst drones like Madison and Nightwatchman,

也學到和它們一起生活的感受如何。

in these particular forms,

雖然無人機，特別是像麥迪森跟守夜者

are not real yet,

這類形式的無人機，

most elements of a drone future are in fact very real today.

尚未成真，

For instance,

許多無人機的未來元素 在現今就非常真實了。

facial recognition systems are everywhere --

比如，

in our phones, even in our thermostats

臉孔辨識系統到處可見，

and in cameras around our cities --

在我們的手機上，甚至在溫度調節器

keeping a record of everything we do,

和城市各處無所不在的攝影機上 ，

whether it's an advertisement we glanced at or a protest we attended.

記錄著我們所做的每件事，

These things are here,

不論是我們看了一眼的廣告， 或是參與的抗議活動。

and we often don't understand how they work,

這些現今已然存在，

and what their consequences could be.

我們通常不了解它們如何運作，

And we see this all around us.

也不知道它們會造成什麼後果。

This difficulty in even imagining

在我們身邊處處可見。

how the consequences of our actions today will affect our future.

難以想像

Last year, where I live, in the UK, there was a referendum

我們今天的行為 會如何影響我們的未來。

where the people could vote for the UK to leave the EU

去年在我的居住地，英國， 有一場公民投票，

or stay in the EU,

人民投票選擇是要英國脫離歐盟

popularly known as "Brexit."

或留在歐盟中，

And soon after the results came out,

一般稱為「英國脫歐（Brexit）」。 （註：Br 英國 + exit 脫離）

a word began to surface called "Bregret" --

在結果出來之後不久，

(Laughter)

「（英國後悔）Bregret」一詞出現了。 （註：Br 英國 + regret 後悔）

describing people who chose to vote for Brexit as a protest,

（笑聲）

but without thinking through its potential consequences.

這詞被用來形容 投票贊成英國脫歐以示抗議，

And this disconnect is evident in some of the simplest things.

卻但沒有想清楚 會造成什麼後果的那些人。

Say you go out for a quick drink.

顯而易見的不一致性 出現在一些非常簡單的事物上。

Then you decide you wouldn't mind a few more.

比如，你出門想快速喝杯酒，

You know you'll wake up in the morning feeling awful,

接著，你決定多喝幾杯，

but you justify it by saying,

明明知道隔天早上起床會很難受，

"The other me in the future will deal with that."

但你找了個理由，說：

But as we find out in the morning,

「未來面對宿醉的是另一個我。」

that future "you" is you.

但次日的早晨，我們發現

When I was growing up in India in the late '70s and early '80s,

那個未來的「你」就是你本人。

there was a feeling

當我 70 年代末、80 年代初 在印度長大時，

that the future both needed to and could actually be planned.

有一種感覺，就是

I remember my parents had to plan for some of the simplest things.

未來需要被規劃， 而且確實能夠被規劃。

When they wanted a telephone in our house,

記得我父母必須規劃 一些最簡單的事。

they needed to order it and then wait --

想在家裡裝支電話，

wait for nearly five years before it got installed in our house.

他們需要先預訂，然後等待，

(Laughter)

等了將近五年，我們家才裝了電話。

And then if they wanted to call my grandparents who lived in another city,

（笑聲）

they needed to book something called a "trunk call,"

如果他們想打電話 給我住在外地的祖父母，

and then wait again, for hours or even days.

他們需要訂購一種叫 「長途電話」的東西，

And then abruptly, the phone would ring at two in the morning,

然後再等待，等幾小時甚至幾天。

and all of us would jump out of our beds and gather round the phone,

可能在清晨兩點電話鈴突然響起，

shrieking into it, discussing general well-being

我們所有人跳下床，圍著電話，

at two in the morning.

對著電話大喊，話家常，

Today it can feel like things are happening too fast --

清晨兩點鐘。

so fast, that it can become really difficult

今天，感覺像是事物都發生得太快，

for us to form an understanding of our place in history.

快到讓我們很難去

It creates an overwhelming sense of uncertainty and anxiety,

了解我們在歷史上的位置。

and so, we let the future just happen to us.

它會造成不可抵擋的 不確定感和焦慮感，

We don't connect with that future "us."

如此，我們容許未來 直接發生在我們的身上。

We treat our future selves as a stranger,

我們沒連結上「未來的我們」，

and the future as a foreign land.

而是把未來的自己當作外人，

It's not a foreign land;

把未來當作異鄉。

it's unfolding right in front of us,

未來不是異鄉，

continually being shaped by our actions today.

它正在我們的面前展開，

We are that future,

不斷由我們現今的行為塑造成形。

and so I believe fighting for a future we want

我們就是那未來，

is more urgent and necessary than ever before.

所以我相信為我們希求的未來而戰

We have learned in our work

比以往更為迫切。

that one of the most powerful means of effecting change

從實作中，我們學到

is when people can directly, tangibly and emotionally experience

若要影響改變，最強大的手段之一

some of the future consequences of their actions today.

就是讓人們能夠直接地、 實質地，帶著情緒地

Earlier this year, the government of the United Arab Emirates invited us

去體驗一些他們現今行為 所造成的未來後果。

to help them shape their country's energy strategy

今年年初，我們應 阿拉伯聯合大公國政府之邀，

all the way up to 2050.

去協助他們計畫該國的能源策略，

Based on the government's econometric data, we created this large city model,

一直到 2050 年的策略。

and visualized many possible futures on it.

根據該政府的計量經濟資料， 我們建立了這個大型城市模型，

As I was excitably taking a group of government officials

將許多可能的未來 都視覺化呈現在其中。

and members of energy companies

當我很興奮地帶著一群政府官員

through one sustainable future on our model,

以及能源公司的成員

one of the participants told me,

看過我們模型呈現的一個永續未來，

"I cannot imagine that in the future people will stop driving cars

其中一位參與者告訴我：

and start using public transport."

「我無法想像未來人們不再開車，

And then he said,

開始改乘大眾交通工具。」

"There's no way I can tell my own son to stop driving his car."

接著，他說：

But we were prepared for this reaction.

「我不可能叫我兒子不再開車。」

Working with scientists in a chemistry lab in my home city in India,

但我們對這樣的反應早有準備，

we had created approximate samples

我們和科學家合作，在我印度 家鄉城市的化學實驗室中，

of what the air would be like in 2030 if our behavior stays the same.

創造出了近似的樣本，

And so, I walked the group over to this object

來呈現如果我們的行為持續不變， 2030 年的空氣會是什麼樣子。

that emits vapor from those air samples.

所以，我帶這群人走向這樣物品，

Just one whiff of the noxious polluted air from 2030

然後把那些空氣樣本釋放出來。

brought home the point that no amount of data can.

吸一口這 2030 年的 有害污染空氣，

This is not the future you would want your children to inherit.

比任何份量的數據更能指出重點。

The next day, the government made a big announcement.

這不是你希望你的孩子繼承的未來。

They would be investing billions of dollars in renewables.

隔天，該政府做了一項重大宣佈，

We don't know what part our future experiences played in this decision,

他們將投入數十億元於再生能源上。

but we know that they've changed their energy policy

我們不知道我們的未來體驗 在這個決策中扮演了什麼角色，

to mitigate such a scenario.

但我們知道這些未來體驗 的確改變了他們的能源政策，

While something like air from the future is very effective and tangible,

轉向試著緩和這個污染情況。

the trajectory from our present to a future consequence

雖然來自未來的空氣 是非常有效且有形的，

is not always so linear.

從我們現今對應到未來後果的軌道

Even when a technology is developed with utopian ideals,

不見得都是這麼線性的。

the moment it leaves the laboratory and enters the world,

即使是根據烏托邦理想 而開發出來的科技，

it is subject to forces outside of the creators' control.

當它離開實驗室，進入真實世界，

For one particular project, we investigated medical genomics:

它就要面臨其創造者 無法控制的外在力量，

the technology of gathering and using people's genetic data

在一個特別的專案中， 我們研究了醫學的基因組學：

to create personalized medicine.

這項技術收集和使用人的基因資料，

We were asking:

來創造個人化的藥物。

What are some of the unintended consequences of linking our genetics

我們問：

to health care?

連結我們的基因組學與健康照護

To explore this question further,

會有什麼未預期的後果？

we created a fictional lawsuit,

為了進一步探究這個問題，

and brought it to life through 31 pieces of carefully crafted evidence.

我們創造了一個虛構的法律訴訟，

So we built an illegal genetic clinic,

用 31 個細心製作的證據 讓它活起來，

a DIY carbon dioxide incubator,

我們建立了一所非法的基因診所，

and even bought frozen mice on eBay.

以及自製的二氧化碳恆溫箱，

So now let's go to that future where this lawsuit is unfolding,

甚至從 eBay 買了冰凍老鼠。

and meet the defendant, Arnold Mann.

現在我們前往未來， 去看看這個訴訟如何展開，

Arnold is being prosecuted by this global giant biotech company

以及看這被告，阿諾曼恩。

called Dynamic Genetics,

一間大型的生技公司控告阿諾，

because they have evidence

公司名叫 Dynamic Genetics （直譯：動態遺傳學）。

that Arnold has illegally inserted the company's patented genetic material

因為他們有證據顯示

into his body.

阿諾的身體非法植入了

How on earth did Arnold manage to do that?

該公司握有的專利基因素材。

Well, it all started

到底阿諾是怎麼做到的？

when Arnold was asked to submit a saliva sample in this spit kit

嗯，一切源於

to the NHI --

阿諾被要求交出一盒唾液樣本

the UK's National Health Insurance service.

給 NHI，

When Arnold received his health insurance bill,

英國的國家健康保險服務。

he was shocked and scared

當阿諾收到健康保險帳單時，

to see that his premiums had gone through the roof,

他很驚訝和害怕，

beyond anything he or his family could ever afford.

因為他發現他的保險費飆高，

The state's algorithm had scanned his genetic data

遠超過他或他的家人能負擔的金額。

and found the risk of a chronic health condition lurking in his DNA.

國家的演算法掃瞄了他的基因資料，

And so Arnold had to start paying toward the potential costs

發現有慢性健康問題的風險 潛伏在他的 DNA 中。

of that future disease --

所以阿諾得要開始支付

potential future disease from today.

那未來潛在疾病的治療成本，

In that moment of fear and panic,

那是現在來看有可能 在未來發生的疾病。

Arnold slipped through the city

在那恐懼和慌張的時刻，

into the dark shadows of this illegal clinic for treatment --

阿諾悄悄穿過城市，

a treatment that would modify his DNA

到一間非法診所暗中治療，

so that the state's algorithm would no longer see him as a risk,

修正他的 DNA，

and his insurance premiums would become affordable again.

讓國家演算法不再判讀他存在風險，

But Arnold was caught.

而保險費降回負擔得起的金額。

And the legal proceedings in the case Dynamic Genetics v. Mann began.

但阿諾被逮到，

In bringing such a future to life,

Dynamic Genetics 公司 對付阿諾曼恩的法律訴訟開始了 。

what was important to us was that people could actually touch,

在呈現出未來的時候，

see and feel its potential,

對我們很重要的一點， 是人們要真的能觸碰、

because such an immediate and close encounter provokes people

看見、感受到這個未來的可能性，

to ask the right questions,

因為這種立即且親密的接觸，

questions like:

會使人們正確提問，

What are the implications of living in a world

比如這樣的問題：

where I'm judged on my genetics?

居住在一個由基因判斷人的世界

Or: Who might claim ownership to my genetic data,

有什麼意涵？

and what might they do with it?

或，誰能擁有我的基因資料

If this feels even slightly out-there or farfetched,

和會用這些資料做什麼？

today there's a little-known bill being passed through the American congress

如果你覺得這有點牽強，

known as HR 1313, Preserving Employee Wellness Programs Act.

現今，有個鮮少人知道的法案 正處於美國國會的審查流程中，

This bill proposes to amend the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act,

叫做 HR 1313， 維護員工健康專案法。

popularly known as GINA,

法案的內容是要修正 非歧視基因資訊法，

and would allow employers to ask about family medical history

通稱 GINA，

and genetic data

它允許僱主詢問其所有員工的

to all employees for the first time.

家庭醫療病史以及基因資料，

Those who refuse would face large penalties.

史上頭一回。

In the work I've shown so far,

拒絕提供資料的員工將面臨重罰。

whether it was drones or genetic crimes,

在我目前已經展現出來的內容中，