You're about to learn how to use the past perfect

你即將學會如何使用過去完成時。

to talk about new experiences

談論新的經驗

Remember, the past perfect is made with

記住，過去的完美是用

'had'

曾

'not'

不

if it's negative

如果是負數

plus the past participle

加上過去分詞

and with this meaning

並以此為意義

it's very common to use the preposition 'before'

常用的介詞是 "之前"。

Have...

有...

you met Ben?

你和本在一起嗎？

A few years ago, he got his first job at a shoe store.

幾年前，他在一家鞋店找到了第一份工作。

As it was his first job

因為這是他的第一份工作

he did many things for the first time

他第一次做了很多事情

For example, he helped a customer

例如，他幫助一個客戶

He used a cash register

他用的是收銀機

and he cleaned a store

他還打掃了一家商店

All of these things

所有這些事情

were brand new experiences in his life

是他生命中全新的體驗

Let's look at how to talk about these things

讓我們來看看如何談論這些事情吧

using the past perfect

過去式

Here is the grammatical structure

以下是語法結構

First, you put the subject

首先，你把主題

Then, the verb phrase

然後，動詞短語

Which begins with the auxiliary verb 'had'

以助動詞 "了 "開頭的。

then the negative particle 'not'

那麼負號

Actually, with this meaning

其實，在這個意義上

It is more common to use never

更常見的是使用從不

instead of 'not'

而不是 "不"。

This makes your meaning stronger

這使你的意思更強烈

plus the past participle

加上過去分詞

then comes the object

接著是對象

and finally the preposition 'before'

最後是介詞 "之前"。

However, before is optional

然而，之前是可選的

Take a look at out first example

請看第一個例子

He used a cash register for the first time

他第一次使用收銀機

In our new sentence, the subject will stay the same

在我們的新句子中，主語將保持不變。

'He'

"他

Now the verb phrase 'had never used'

現在，動詞短語'從來沒有使用過'。

and the object

和對象

'a cash register'

收銀機

and finally, 'before'

最後，'之前'。

This gives us the sentence

這樣我們就有了這樣的句子

He had never used a cash register before

他從來沒有用過收銀機

Now, our next example

現在，我們下一個例子

The verb is 'cleaned'

動詞是 "清潔"。

He had never cleaned a store before

他從來沒有打掃過商店

And in our final example the verb is 'helped'

而在我們最後一個例子中，動詞是 "幫助

This becomes, 'he had never helped a customer before'

這就變成了，'他以前從來沒有幫助過客戶'。

A few months later

幾個月後

Ben met a girl named Jen

Ben認識了一個叫Jen的女孩

They ended up dating for a while

最後他們還交往了一段時間

and finally getting married

最後結婚

At the wedding, they each had many new experiences

在婚禮上，他們每個人都有很多新的體驗

Ben wore a tuxedo for the first time

本第一次穿上了燕尾服。

Jen walked down the aisle

小珍走下紅毯

and...they went on a honeymoon

而且......他們去度蜜月了。

Here's how we would talk about these experiences

下面我們就來談談這些經驗。

using the past perfect

過去式

Ben had never worn a tuxedo before

本從來沒有穿過燕尾服

Jen had never walked down the aisle before

小珍從來沒有走過紅毯。

and...they had never gone on a honeymoon before

而且......他們從來沒有去度過蜜月。

I have a surprise for you

我有個驚喜給你

More grammar!

更多的文法！

Try not to get too excited

儘量不要太激動

Instead of using 'before' at the end of the phrase

在短語結尾處不使用 "之前"，而是使用 "之前"。

It's common to use this structure

通常使用這種結構

'Before'

'之前'

plus a clause in the past simple

從句

and then a clause in the past perfect

再從句

For example

比如說

Before he got married

在他結婚之前

Ben had never worn a tuxedo

本從來沒有穿過燕尾服

Before she got married, Jen had never walked down the aisle

結婚前，小珍從來沒有走過紅毯。

and finally, before Ben and Jen got married, they had never gone on a honeymoon

最後，在Ben和Jen結婚之前，他們從來沒有去度過蜜月。

Surprise, surprise, surprise

驚喜，驚喜，驚喜

A few months later,

幾個月後。

Jen was...

珍是...

pregnant!

懷孕了

What a life changing experience!

多麼改變人生的經歷啊!

She had a pregnancy glow for the first time

她第一次有了孕期的光輝。

She lived with very little sleep

她生活在極少的睡眠中

and...she changed a diaper

還有......她換過尿布

Now it's time to see these new experiences

現在是時候看看這些新的體驗了。

written in the past perfect

過氣

Before she got pregnant, Jen had never had a pregnancy glow

在懷孕之前，小珍從來沒有過孕期的光景。

Before she had a baby, Jen had never lived with very little sleep

在生孩子之前，Jen從來沒有過睡眠不足的生活。

and finally,...

最後...

before she had a baby,

在她生孩子之前。

jen had never changed a diaper

JEN從來沒有換過尿布

It's that time again

又到了這個時候

time to practice what you've learned

實踐出真知

What you need to do is write a sentence

你需要做的是寫一句話

talking about the new experiences given

談及新經驗

using 'before' plus the past simple

用 "以前 "加過去的簡單

then a clause in the past perfect

則

For example,

例如：

Johnny went to the zoo

約翰尼去了動物園

for the first time in his life

生平第一次

he saw an elephant

他看到一頭大象

this becomes

這就

Before Johnny went to the zoo,

在約翰尼去動物園之前

he had never seen an elephant

他從未見過大象

Here are your questions, good luck!

下面是你的問題，祝你好運!

Here are your answers

以下是你的答案

If you would like more practice

如果你想多練習

click on the link in the description

點擊描述中的鏈接

to visit my website

訪問我的網站

There is a printable handout there

那裡有一份可打印的講義

with more questions and answers

連同更多的問題和答案

Thank you for watching. Have a great day!

謝謝你的觀看。祝你有個愉快的一天！