OLIVIA: The first cases of the virus

OLIVIA : 首例病患是

were in Wuhan in China at the end of last year.

在大陸武漢的去年年底發生的。

Like other new coronaviruses, it was almost certainly passed

就像其他冠狀病毒一樣，它一定也是

to a human from an animal, probably a bat.

動物傳人的疾病，可能是來自於蝙蝠。

How does it affect the human body or make you sick?

它是怎麼影響人類身體或是讓人感到不適的呢？

The symptoms might include fever, cough, runny nose

引發的症狀可能會像是發燒、咳嗽、流鼻涕、

and shortness of breath.

和急促呼吸。

In more severe cases, it can cause pneumonia,

而較嚴重的病例則會導致肺炎，

which is an infection of the lungs

就是肺部出現感染發炎，

that can make it difficult to breathe.

而導致呼吸困難。

But it's important to remember that most cases are mild

但也不要忘記，大部分的案例都是較輕微的，

and not much different to a common cold.

蠻類似於一般性的感冒。

In fact, some people who have tested positive for Covid-19

事實上，有些人完全無症狀，在接受武漢肺炎

haven't had any symptoms at all.

檢測後，卻出現了陽性反應，

Can face masks protect you from the coronavirus?

戴口罩可以防止自己感染武漢肺炎嗎？

While masks can stop people from spreading the disease,

雖然戴口罩可以預防人類散播病毒，

doctors say we shouldn't be wearing them if we're not sick.

但醫生們說我們應該只在生病的時候戴口罩就好。

MAN: Masks are pointless.

男生說：戴口罩是無意義的。

Your chances of walking past a person with the illness

你們走路接觸到生病的人或

or being on the same train or bus as them

在火車或是公車上遇到他們，

are not much higher than winning the lottery.

受到感染的機會並沒有比贏得樂透還要來得高。

So, by wearing masks,

所以戴口罩的話，

you're unnecessarily using a resource

你們就只是在浪費不必要的資源而已，

that's needed for health workers

對於醫療人員而言那可是必需品，

who will be directly exposed to infected patients,

因為他們會直接接觸到受感染的病患，

and needed for people with the illness

而對於那些生病的人也是要戴口罩，

to cut the chances of them spreading it.

就能因此降低病毒散佈的機會。

What is the mortality rate of the coronavirus?

武漢病毒的致死率是多少呢？

Wow, that's a good question.

哇，這是個好問題。

The mortality rate is the percentage of people who die

死亡率指的就是受到感染的人們

when they get the virus.

死亡的百分比。

The World Health Organization says it's about 3.4%,

世界衛生組織說武漢肺炎的死亡率是占 3.4 的百分比，

although it could be lower than that.

雖然也有可能會低於這樣的百分比。

While it's still a fair bit more deadly than the seasonal flu,

雖然比季節性的流感還要來得些致命，

most people who get coronavirus have a really mild case.

但大多數感染武漢肺炎的人都較屬於輕微性的。

And the good news for you guys is that kids are much less likely

而跟你們大家講個好消息，就是小孩感染的

to get sick.

機率比較低。

How long can the coronavirus live outside of the human body?

武漢肺炎在人類體外能活多久呢？

While it passes much more easily from person to person,

雖然它的傳染途徑是主要是以人傳人，

scientists reckon human coronavirus can live on surfaces

但科學家們認為這樣的冠狀病毒可以在物體表面

for up to nine days.

存活高達九天之久。

The germs can be killed pretty easily, though,

不過這些細菌可以用常見的消毒劑

with common disinfectants.

就可輕易地清除掉。

As an Australian, should I be concerned about the coronavirus

作為一個澳洲人，我應該要擔心這樣的武漢肺炎會

spreading around Australia?

在澳洲大肆傳播嗎？

There are already cases in Australia

在澳洲已經有幾件案例，

and the government says it is likely to spread,

而官方說這個病毒可能會傳播，

which is why they're getting ready.

這也是為什麼他們開始做防疫動作。

We've got ahead of this early.

我們有提前佈署了。

We intend to stay ahead of this.

我們有試著持續更新資訊。

Authorities are trying to limit the spread as much as possible

官員們密切關注那些受感染者的狀況，

by keeping close track of who's got the virus

和那些與他們接觸到的人們，

and who they've come into contact with.

試圖盡量降低病毒散播的可能性，

Are the government going to cancel school in Australia?

澳洲政府將要關閉學校嗎？

At the moment, that's not really necessary

在目前看來，還真的不需要這麼做，

because it hasn't spread that much in Australia, but it could happen.

因為武漢肺炎在澳洲還未太嚴重，但在之後就很難說了。

A few schools have already been closed in Sydney

在悉尼已經有幾間學校因為

because students got the virus.

學生受到感染而因此關閉了，

Should I stock up on water, food and toilet paper?

我應該要囤購水、食物、和廁所衛生紙嗎？

Yeah, so, last week, people got a little bit over the top

對，上個禮拜，人們對於囤購廁所衛生紙

with the toilet paper thing.

有點過頭了。

Removing all of the lavatory paper from the shelves of supermarkets

買掉超市架上的所有廁所衛生紙

probably isn't a proportionate or sensible thing to do.

大概也不是一件合適或是明智的決定。

While experts say it's not a bad idea

不過專家們說這也不是件壞主意，

to have a couple of week's worth of food in the cupboard

在櫃子裡存放幾個禮拜的糧食，

just in case you need to quarantine yourself,

免得自己可能需要隔離，

we won't run out of food and there is no need to panic.

不過糧食還是很足夠，不要擔心缺糧這個問題。

How many people have coronavirus?

有多少人感染武漢肺炎呢？

That's a tricky one because it's changing all the time.

這是一個很難回答的問題，因為這個數據一直在變。

But around the world, it's more than 100,000,

但看看全世界，目前超過了 10 萬人，

although heaps of those are now better.

雖然已經有很多人已經好多了。

What should you do if you get the symptoms?

如果你們感染武漢肺炎，你們應該要怎麼做呢？

The government says if you think you might have Covid-19,

政府說如果你們認為自己可能感染了武漢肺炎，

you should talk to a doctor,

你們應該要看醫生，

but make sure you call first and let them know

但確定你們有先打電話告知他們，

so everyone can take precautions and make sure you don't spread it.

這樣每個人可以先做好安全措施，確保你們不會對外散播病毒。

The government says you should also put a mask on before you see anyone.

而政府也提到，你們應該要在見他人之前，也要戴上口罩。

Will antibiotics help treat the virus?

抗生素可以治療武漢肺炎嗎？

No, antibiotics are used to kill bacteria,

不行，抗生素是用來殺死細菌的，

and Covid-19 is a virus.

而武漢肺炎是病毒的一種。

Is there going to be any cure for the coronavirus?

之後武漢肺炎會不會有解藥呢？

Hopefully.

希望如此。

All around the world, scientists are working to find a vaccine,

全世界的科學家都在努力研究出疫苗，

and they've already had some breakthroughs.

而他們已經有一些發現了。

Researchers at the University of Queensland

昆士蘭大學的研究生們

are testing a new vaccine on animals

正在動物身上測試一個新的疫苗，

and there are also other tests going on.

而且還有其他的測試也正在進行中。

It will be a while before anything hits the shelves, though,

雖然在疫苗上架前還是需要一段時間，

so in the meantime, the best advice is to stay calm,

而在這個時刻，最好要做的事情就是保持冷靜，

practice good hygiene and look after each other.

維持一個好的衛生習慣，並且互相扶持。