Union Budget 2020 - Full Analysis for UPSC, IAS, CDS, NDA, SSC CGL

Subtitles section Play video

in this video, we'll look at sector vice highlights of the 2020 union budget.
The 2020 budget has been made by keeping in mind three teams.
The 1st 1 is aspirational India to boost the standard of living The 2nd 1 is economic development for all, and the 3rd 1 is building a human and getting society.
First.
We'll look at the new income tax slaps.
If your current income it's between five black and 7.5 black, the income tax has been reduced to 10% from the current 20%.
Similarly, if your income is between 7.5 black and pen lack, you will be taxed at 15% which was a little 20% and so on and so forth.
The reason behind releasing the income taxes to boost people sports using bar.
The more money you will save from your income, the more you will be able to spend.
And that will increase demand because income and demanded directly related.
Ultimately, that's how economy keeps going and inflation is under control.
Companies will no longer be required to pay a dividend distribution tax.
Now, government has also decided to remove dividend distribution tax on Cos.
Let me quickly tell you what dividend distribution tax is.
It is the tax which is imposed by the Indian government on Indian companies when they pay a dividend to its shareholders.
A company has many shareholders, right.
Whenever the company makes profit, it has to pay some money to its shareholders out of its profit.
Even that money's taxed.
So now the government is saying that companies have to no longer pay dividend distribution tax.
That's a good thing for the companies.
For a company.
If they can save any amount of money by not paying tax, it's a profit for them.
So, of course, it will make India an attractive destination for investment.
However, now the companies don't have to pay the tax, the tax has been shifted to the recipients or the shareholders who received the money as dividend.
To make it more simpler.
Suppose you buy a share of the company and let's say the company made profit.
That means the company's supposed to give you some dividend from its profit.
So earlier, companies used to pay a tax, which is called the dividend distribution tax, to the government before paying the dividend to the shareholders, and now the government has shifted that burden off tax onto the shareholder who receives the dividend as per day tax bracket.
It is similar to how you get taxed on your interest income from bank fixed deposits.
So if you reduce the tax lab on one hand and include the dividend tax on the other, I mean, of course I'm not taking it as a general argument.
Not everyone chooses to invest in shares and mutual funds.
But for the sake of the argument, if you're someone who invest in shares and mutual funds, then tax will believe I don't you salary, dividends and interests.
That means your overall taxable income will go up.
So basically it equalizes now for a company, it is a good thing that they know more have to pay a dividend distribution tax.
That means now they will have more funds.
Whether or not they will pay higher dividends to the shareholders is something that needs to be seen.
Our heart based verification for GSD compliance to be introduced.
The whole purpose behind other based verification for GSD compliance is toe identify all those business units who are trying to game the system.
Now that other card is decentralized, valid document that an individual uses for almost everything.
And we all know to what extent a business owner goes to evade taxation.
Art are based.
Verification will easily identify any frauds related to tax credit and refund.
Let's go to the next sector.
Economy and Finance Bank deposit insurance cover had been increased from one liketo five black, but depositor.
Now what is bank deposit insurance cover from the term?
You can easily figure out that it is talking about some kind of insurance cover on your bank deposit.
The purpose of insurance is to compensate in case of any failure.
Now, I'll ask you a question.
What kind of money do you think will be at risk if you keep it in a bank?
They are called savings fixed and recurring deposits.
I hope now you understand the question.
The insurance cover on bank deposits has been increased from one lacto five lack per depositor.
That means tomorrow, in case if the bank is in crisis and it's not able to operate.
Then as a depositor, you're eligible for a peace five like insurance cover, which was previously one lack you will only get this money only if the band gets closed.
The deposit insurance scheme covers all banks operating in India, including private sector, cooperative and even branches off foreign banks in India.
The bank deposits are insured by Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation, which is called D I C G C.
It is a subsidiary of the Reserve Bank of India.
All the banks be a nominal premium to this agency for the insurance cover.
The government plans to amend the Companies Act to decriminalize several offenses.
Here they're talking about the Companies Act 2013.
It is the most important piece of legislation that impoverished the central government to regulate the formation, financing, functioning and vining up off the company's.
The act contains the mechanism regarding organizational, financial and managerial aspects off a company.
Now the government wants to amend the companies Act to decriminalize civil offenses.
As for the Companies Act, any violation, which is a criminal offense, can lead to imprisonment for executives if they're found guilty by violation, I mean frauds, money laundering, tax evasion, et cetera.
Basically, they're called a white collar crime.
So the government is saying that if the fraud is not very serious.
Through an amendment, the government wants to put those violation under civil offense and not under criminal offense.
There's a big difference between criminal and civil offense.
A civil offense may attract penalties, but a criminal offense can lead to imprisonment.
As of now, more than 40 instances of violations under the Companies Act are punishable by prison.
You can imagine this may discourage and scared the businesses and investors before starting a business many in the business community seat as a harassment by the government.
And obviously our economy depends on the business community.
So the government is trying to find a balance approach by decriminalizing civil offenses.
The government is planning to sell its stake in L.
I.
C via public offering.
So basically what it means is that the government wants to sell its asset, which is in this case, the l.
I see.
But right now it is proposing to sell a part of its holding an ally.
See if you see the government currently owns the entire 100% stake in Life Insurance Corporation of India.
Government engages in this investment policy only when they find that the public sector units are showing a negative rate of return on, it is turning out to be a liability to the government than being assets.
However, the government is not saying that they want to sell the life insurance co operation completely, but they're initiating the process.
If you know government has engaged in this investment policies with regards to Air India, Part Petroleum Shipping Corporation and Container Corporation, if you look at Ellis is total nonperforming assets.
It has risen to 6.1% in the 1st 6 months off 2019.
The gross NPS have almost doubled in the last five years.
The government is not saying that they want to sell the L.
A.
C completely, so they're just selling a part off.
It's holding that means by listing a company on stock exchange eight disciplines a company and provides access to financial markets and unlocks its value.
By doing this, the government will be able to own some 8 to 10 lack arose and that will allow the government to meet its highest ever disinvestment target and attract foreign investors.
Now let's go to the agriculture sector.
The government has decided to allocate 2.83 lacquer or for the sector comprising agriculture and allied activities, Not this amount is divided into two portions.
1.6 lacquer for agriculture, irrigation and allied activities and rupees 1.23 lacquer for rural development and punch 80 Dutch.
The aim behind this move is to double the farmer's income by 2022 under agriculture and allied activities, the money will be spent behind the expansion of micro irrigation through Chrissy Century Georgina.
Money will also be allotted in creating storage, financing, processing and marketing solutions in cooperation with the state's investment in chemical fertilizers and energy also comes under this investment, now coming to the investment in rural development and bunch I t Lodge.
This means investment is going to be in providing water facilities, energy, sanitation, education and skills, the government has said.
The agricultural credit availability toe 15 lakh crore for 2022 21 Agricultural credit is required to buy machines like tractors, pressures, harvesters, water pumping sets, etcetera than chemical fertilizers, seeds, et cetera.
The source off agricultural credit can be broadly classified into institutional and non institutional sources.
Non institutional sources include money lenders, traders and commission agents relatives and landlords.
But institutional sources include cooperative's commercial banks, including the SP, A Group R, B, I and Norbert.
Non institutional sources are very active in the agricultural credit space, but they charge a very high rate of interest and can be a board in 44 months.
By keeping this in mind, the agriculture credit availability target for the year 2022 21 has been set a trapeze 15 locker room.
If you remember last year in February 2019 Britain Man Tricky Son scheme was launched through which all small and marginal farmers will get up to replace 6000 per year as minimum income support.
The fund is directly transferred to the bank accounts of the beneficiaries.
All those beneficiaries are also eligible for Dickinson credit card loan.
It is for them.
The government has made rupees 15 lacquer or available as agricultural credit.
The government has announced to take comprehensive measures for 100 Water Stress District's The main district's are located in the state of Tamil Nadu, followed by Raj Istan Interpretation Telangana.
The initiative will be part of the judge even Mission, which currently has a budget off rupees 3.6 locker room.
This one will be used for various water management programs like rainwater harvesting, sewage, water treatment, water desalination, recharge off lakes as well as renewal off existing water.
Resource is on intensive effort.
Station groundwater depletion has a huge impact on urban and rural economy.
Water is a vital resource for both residential and industrial purposes and inefficient water management models further accentuated crisis.
The government is going to provide 20 lack farmers, stand alone Sola pumps and help another 15 like farmers to soul arise there.
Park it.
The government basically wants to help farmers gender income from Sola Par if you look at the product man treatise on Georgia's Raksha Abram bottom scheme, it is a scheme for farmers for installation off solar pumps and great connected solar and other renewable power plants in the country.
It is launched by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.
So basically, through this scheme, the government wants to set up solar power projects on a farmer's land.
If the land is dry and uncultivated land, then the owner of the land will continue to earn an income by renting onto this solar power project in case of cultivated lands, the farmers can continue to grow their crops as the solar panels will be set up of over minimum height.
This way, the Lang owners can generate additional income.
The energy generated from these solar power project is for rural centers and the agricultural activities.
In this budget, the government has extended the same scheme to more farmers.
This is another way of making the farmers Independent Village storied scheme is proposed to be run by women as such G's.
The idea behind this plan is to empower the woman on enhanced their status in rural part of the country.
First, let me tell you what is a self help group.
Informal association off people who choose to come together to find ways to improve their living conditions.
10 to 20 women or men who want to improve their living conditions by setting up their own savings and loan fund.
Have you ever heard of domestic chit fund?
You must have seen it in your own colony.
In a small colony, one person will run a church business where the participants will be either the member of the colony or someone who is known.
It is not a legal chit fund.
It runs on trust and personal contact.
It's a very old system in India.
Back when there was no banks available, people would collect some money every month, which would be given to the person who urgently needs money for requirements like building house Children's marriage, etcetera.
So this is what is called a self help group.
And the reason why this kind of social saving scheme is not part of mainstream finance is so that it can avoid taxation.
Plus, this is not something that the government is not aware off.
The government knows it.
So the government is saying that the village storied scheme can be run by women self help groups.
See, you must always remember that the government can make anyone do anything, either by giving incentives or by making a rule and act tax are fine.
You see, this is a method by incentivizing people to join the mainstream economy, so village store it schemes are basically storage facilities, like a godown where agricultural products can be stored.
The government is basically saying that the construction off these storage facilities will be financed by this self help groups.
This way, the government will not only know how much money is being transacted, but it is also making the rural development and economies sustainable through their own people's money and their effort.
Indian relays tohave refrigerated coaches capability in Kasan reels to carry perishables and milk, the government has proposed to set a Pakistan real through the public private partnership model.
These trained dragons will have a carrying capacity off 17 tons each for transportation off highly perishable parcel.
These wagons will be developed and procured through the mail Coach Factory at Capitol.
Up on job These wagons are temperature controlled and are currently produced by Container Corporation off India LTD.
At Gossip or cart in U.
P.
Other Snuggling Deli and Raja Catala been U P.
As a pilot project under Dickinson Vision Project, these trains will provide a seamless connections between farms, markets and consumers.
Chrissy Iran on international and national routes.
The transport of agricultural products will also be done through aerial mood through Christie or on scheme.
Chrissy Oh Ron will be launched by the Ministry of Civil Aviation on international and national routes.
This will immensely help improve the value of agricultural products, especially in the Northeast and tribal district's because not eastern part of India, is fortunate to have strong agricultural diversity ranging from daily to commercial fishing, fruit, vegetable, forest products, nursery and greenhouse across the region.
In 2016 the moody government has launched Iran scheme for letting the common citizen off the country fly by making air travel affordable.
So the idea of Christie or on is also on the similar lines.
Let's go to the health and sanitation sector.
Government has allocated 69,000 crore for the health sector.
Not last year, the government allocated a record 62,659 cruel.
This year it has increased by 10% whenever the government allocates so much off money behind health sector.
What it actually means is that the government is spending toe upgrade public hospitals because that is the only option through which millions of poor people can avail health treatments in the country.
According to the National Statistical Office, the average medical expense in a government hospital is 4452.
Piece in comparison to ₹31,845 at a private hospital.
When you go to a government hospital everything is free.
Plus, it is difficult to identify the beneficiaries because all citizens are eligible for treatment free of charge in the public hospital system.
If you look at the data every year, India's health budget increases government spending on health Girl every year increases, but still it is not even 1% of the national income.
So the question is, if the national income of the country's increasing year by year, then why's that?
The government spending on health care off its own citizen is not even 1% of the national income.
The government has planned to spend 12,300 crore for such part of this year.
Swatch Polyta Beyond was launched in 2014 with a mission to clean up the street roads and infrastructure of cities, towns, urban and rural areas in India.
On the rural side, more work needs to be done.
Switch a part of the Grameen aims to achieve open defecation free status.
The fact of the matter is that India is still not open defecation free.
This kind of human practice off defecating outside rather than into a toilet is still practiced at many rural areas and also in few urban areas around the country.
If you look at the launch date of this watch part campaign, it started in 2014.
So far, some estimated 11 Caro toilets have been constructed, but it still requires a lot of work because once you build the toilets, the next problem is towards liquid and great water management.
Grave water is basically all sources off domestic waste water, such as bathroom sings, Schaars tubs and washing machines.
Excluding toilet waste water, especially in developing countries, Improper gray water management is one of the most important causes off environmental pollution and fatal diseases on then comes the solid waste collection on its segregation.
All of this requires a lot of money.
That's why the total allocation for such parent mission is the peace 12,300 Karol In 2020 and 21 government has proposed to set up hospitals in tier two anti three cities.
With the private sector using PPP model.
They're too anterior.
Three cities are the places where the requirement of a hospital is much more for poor people.
If you know there is a scheme called Irishman Party or China or deep resentment, Regeneron Guo, China.
In English.
It is called National Health Protection Scheme.
It was launched in 2018.
The beneficiary gets an e card and can avail health service's at impanel hospitals, both public or private, anywhere in the country.
The eagle provides the coverage of rupees five lack per family per year.
Does helping the economically disadvantaged people to obtain easy access to healthcare service is and the government has a very good mechanism to find out who are eligible for this facility.
The government will investigate for the falling options.
If a person fits the criteria off any of the nine options mentioned, then they are not entitled for the health cover.
Presently.
Under the scheme, there are more than 20,000 empaneled hospitals, but we need more in their 23 cities for poor people and how does the common plans to do that?
It will do it in different phases.
In the first face, the government will target does districts which are affected severely by poor social economic condition.
The government will set up hospitals with the help of private sector by using a scheme called viability gap funding.
So basically what the government will do is, it will pay a certain percentage of the total capital cost of the project.
Let's say for hospital requires ₹1 crore then the government will pay.
Let's say 20 lacks.
This is called viability gap funding and the government is going to create this fund by imposing a nominal health says or tax by away off customs duty on the imports of medical equipment.
The money from this tax will be used for creating infrastructure for health.
Service is in the distress district's.
The government is also planning to expand Geno Shady scheme to provide for all hospitals under Irishman, part by 2025.
So John no shady scheme is another campaign launched by the Department of Pharmaceuticals to provide quality medicines at affordable prices.
These medicines are sold through exclusive outlets called predominately party generosity.
Kendra's and the medicines are given particularly to the poor and disadvantaged people.
In the last point.
Visa what Irishman party organize all about basically the beneficiary gets an e card and can avail Health service's at impanel hospitals, both private and public.
So the government is saying that by 2025 all the impanel hospitals under Irishman part scheme will sell medicines at affordable prices.
Richard again coming through another scheme called John Oh Cherie scheme.
Basically, the government is trying to march 2 schemes together on dhe Interlinking it.
Let's go to the education sector.
The government has decided to invest 99,300 crore for education sector in 2021 about 3000 girl for skill development.
This is 4500 grew higher than last year's allocation.
Education sector has also been opened for external commercial borrowings.
That means, for example, an educational institute can raise money outside the country in foreign currency.
This will lead to the expansion of existing investment in the education sector.
It will also attract talented teachers, global research institutes who can then build better laps if you think about it.
It is a smart move because today banks are slowing down credit to companies across sectors.
The government is also investing 3000 grow for skill development.
You see, India already has the largest working age population in the world.
Not only do they need literacy, but they need both job as well as life skills.
Urban local bodies to provide Internship Two young engineers for a year.
We already have a national skill development Agency that teaches infrastructure focus skills so that an individual is well equipped with the required set off skills and can effectively join the workforce.
The government has also announced that 1 15 national institutions will start apprenticeship embedded degree or diploma courses by March 2020.
This is basically like a guaranteed placement only for engineering degree and diploma holders.
For a period of one year degree level.
Full fledged online education programs by institutions rang in top 100 in an i r a frank ings, especially to benefit underprivileged students.
This move will replace formal education by specialized online programs.
As it is, the government of India spends heavily on centrally run institutions.
Everything is heavily subsidized in a centrally run institution by allowing top 100 N i R F rang institutes toe aboard online degrees is a step in the right direction.
Moments back we saw that the government has opened education sector for external commercial boring.
Sze government is looking all the possible ways to attract more private investment in education.
I nd sat exam for students of Asia in Africa to promote studying India program The government is also planning to introduce I nd SAT exam to enroll Asian and African students in Indian universities.
This exam will be similar to SAT and Gee Matt exams off the United States to enroll foreign students.
This decision was taken by the government by keeping in mind that India should be a preferred destination for higher education among foreign students.
This will improve the soft power off India and it can be used as a tool in diplomacy.
Finally, let's have a look at the infrastructure sector.
The budget proposes to provide 1.7 lacquer or for transport infrastructure in 2021 transport infrastructure consist off the fixed installations including roads, railways, airways, waterways, canals and pipelines and terminals such as airports, railway stations, bus stations, warehouses, trucking terminals, refueling depot all including fueling dogs and fueling station and seaports.
So whenever you hear the word investment for transport infrastructure, the money will be spent behind all these transport infrastructure facilities.
National logistics Policy to be released soon National logistics policy aims to promote uninterrupted movement off goods across the country and reduce high transaction cost.
Logistics is a critical driver off economic development.
The logistics cost in India is around 13 to 14% of GDP, which is very high compared to USA, which is at 9 to 10%.
Europe, which is that 10% and Japan, which is at 11%.
In India, the logistics sector is still very unorganized, so the main priority in front of India is to organise the logistics sector and make it cost effective.
The government also plans to increase employment through this policy and make the micro, small and medium enterprises competitive.
Logistics cost has to be brought down for global competition.
Otherwise it will hamper FBI because think about it.
If you're a foreign company and you would like to set up a business in India, you're going to get all your material and goods by ship from the seaport.
Do your business location.
There are so many formalities that you have to go through and it will all become very expensive.
That is why the government is trying hard to bring down the logistics cost for global competitiveness.
Generate a bangle Ooh, expressway to we started.
This is going to be a 2 62 kilometer, six lane expressway from Host Coat in Karnataka tow three Param border, Inter Milan.
It is expected to decrease travel time between bangle ARU and Cheney toe for us.
The project is going to be implemented under public private partnership.
The expressway project will be executed in five phases.
Bangla Ruto Cooler cooler to eliminate eliminate to chitter chitter to can't support him and can't keep him 23 parent but you're the estimate cost off.
This product is around 17,900 growth.
It requires the acquisition off 6 2050 hectares of land.
At least 9500 passenger car units travel between two cities every day, so it will ease the flow of traffic.
The construction off the expressway will boost plants to develop a maker in the steel zone called the chimney to Bangla Ruin the street corridor.
This industrial corridor is being designed on the lines of the Delhi to Mumbai industrial corridor, which is expected to complete by 2023 in the still corridor.
Offer effective integration between industry and infrastructure leading to overall economic and social development.
Jenny and Bangle you are going to be megacity soon.
Currently there metropolitan cities the Indian Railway aims to achieve electrification off 27,000 kilometres off railway track.
The government plans to electrify all railway tracks in next three years.
37,500 kilometer, which is 58% off railway tracks are already electrified.
The remaining 27,000 kilometer off railway tracks is your to be electrified.
Complete electrification off railway line will reduce pollution on enhanced the efficiency of railways.
You can read more on how electric part rains have a number of advantages over diesel engines, their pollution free.
It also reduces noise which is beneficial for cities like Delhi.
Then the maintenance cost of diesel locomotive is much higher as compared with electric locomotive.
The only disadvantage is that the train can stop in case of power supply failure or any cable while breakdown.
However, such cases are very rare in a year compared to diesel local failure.
The government also proposed the setting up off large solar power capacity alongside the railway tracks on Indian release land.
The whole idea is to give the Indian Railways massive power boost and also cut down on its annual electricity bill.
The Indian Railways also aims to become a net zero carbon emitter by 2030 The government off India has also invited private operators to run trains on the Indian railway network.
As many as 1 50 private trains have been proposed to start running in the next 3 to 4 years time.
Ah, lot off initiatives have been taken by the government and the railway sector.
The government also plans to put more trains like the day just express on key tourism roots off India.
Moments back, We also read how the government has proposed to invest 1.7 lack grow for transport infrastructure.
Transport infrastructure includes building off railway stations and railway tracks so private trains are going to run on Indian religion network.
More Tatis type express trains will begin on famous stories.
Sites remaining real violence are going to be electrified.
Kiss on rails are going to be another edition and large solar power capacity units are to be installed along Indian reliance.
The government also proposes a bangle lulu suburban real project at cost off 18,600 crore.
The Bengal LaRue suburban Real Project is a 1 48 kilometer long really line.
This is also part of the election promise made by the ruling government for the city.
The project will have four Colorado's initially the project was divided into 50 50 ratio between the central and state government.
As per the new announcement, the center will know provide 20% of the funds, while 60% of the funds will be raised from external resource is like financing from banks, institutional financing and external investments, and the remaining will be buried by the state.
The government is going to monetize 12 lots of national highways by 2024 when it says government is going to monitor is it actually means the authority is the National Highways Authority of India.
David monitors at least 12 highway stretches before 2024 to raise more money.
When the government says that it is going to monetize the highway, it simply means that it will start generating revenue from the highway roads through tall operation.
So basically, whenever you use that highway, you will have to pay a certain amount of fee at the toll plaza.
The money generated from such monetization will be utilized by the government for future development and operations and maintenance off highways in the country and by the way, the government does not operate the toll plaza it is given to private investors who paid for it and the model is called told operate trance for T O T model, the highest bidder events, the rights to operate and maintenance of the road assets for 30 years.
With rights to toll revenues from these assets, this model is more attractive for investors as they don't have to build an infrastructure project from scratch.
100 more airports will be developed by 2024.
To support Iran, the government is planning to develop 100 more airports by 2024 to support the Iran scheme or on scheme has been known as a regional airport development and regional connectivity scheme, with the aim off letting the common citizen fly at an affordable price.
We have also read how the government has also announced the new Chrissy, or on scheme for the transportation off agricultural products through aerial mood on national and international routes.
So again the government is trying to march 2 different schemes together.
One is the Iran scheme by making more regional airports and interlinking the other scheme, Chrissy Oh Ron, because if there will be more regional airports than more agricultural products will be transported through aerial mood across the country.
So these ready quick highlights of this year's budget.
I hope you found this video informative.
Let me know your thoughts in the comments section.
Thanks for watching, and I'll see you in the next one.