Today we are going to talk about making connections.

So I don't to brag but I have at least one friend.

Not kind of a big deal.

I have friends at work, friends from the school I attended,

friends in my apartment building and my neighborhood,

friends from places I used to live.

Each friend is connected to me in some way.

May be we met in an elevator or on the train,

or at the community garden.

In some cases, I introduced my friends

and now they're friends with each other

and even hang out without me.

Each friend is connected to me

or to each other in a different way

and for a different reason.

And just in a way the people can be friends with each other

ideas can be friends with each other too.

Understanding how ideas that tends to connect

with each other and the topic of text

will help me understand what I'm reading.

Good readers make connections between ideas in the text.

When I look at a passage, I ask myself

what do all these sentences have in common.

How are they connected?

Let's explain with a brief passage about building ships.

Long ago, shipbuilders used iron nails

and bolts because iron was easy to find.

They soon learned the disadvantages

of using this metal on a boat!

Iron quickly rusts and decays,

especially near the salty ocean.

They switched to using brass, which lasts longer.

I wanna use this paragraph to describe three common ways

authors show connections.

Comparison, cause-and-effect and sequence.

Comparison; what's the same or different between two ideas?

So what's similar between brass and iron is one example.

We can say okay, both of these are metals

and both were used in shipbuilding.

Now what's different between them?

Well, iron rusts quickly in the ocean

and it does so faster than brass.

Brass lasts longer.

Now let's talk about cause and effect.

How does one event or idea cause another event or idea.

Well what happens when you put a ship

with iron bolts into salt water? It rusts and decays.

The ocean causes the iron to corrode and rust.

So what did shipbuilders do as a result,

they switch to using brass.

And finally sequence.

What order did things happen in?

Now the paragraph begins with long ago

and talks about iron before it talks about brass.

It then describes how shipbuilders switched to brass.

So iron came first in the sequence.

So when I read this passage on shipbuilding

even though it is very short,

I'm able to make a lot of connections between ideas.

Doing this deepened my understanding

and helps me to become a better reader.

Now not every sentence or idea is connected

to every other sentence or idea.

Just like not every single one of my friends is friends

with all of my other friends.

And that's okay too.

Our goal is to think about how those sentences connect

to the topic overall.

Think about the big picture.

Understanding the connections between sentences

is one of many ways you can strengthen

your skills as a reader.

You can learn anything.

Dave it out!