Apple and Google are doing something they almost never do,

蘋果和谷歌正在做一些他們幾乎從未做過的事情。

work together.

一起工作。

- Beginning next month,

- 從下個月開始。

Apple and Google are releasing software.

蘋果和谷歌正在發佈軟件。

- [Newscaster] The two companies will roll out

- [新聞主播]這兩家公司將推出。

a contact tracing system.

接觸跟蹤系統；

- [Newscaster] Will use Bluetooth to help notify someone

- [新聞主播]將使用藍牙幫助通知某人。

if they've been in contact with someone who's infected.

如果他們一直在接觸 與誰的感染的人。

- On April 10th,

- 在4月10日。

the companies announced a new project to halt

這兩家公司宣佈了一個新項目，以停止

the spread of the novel coronavirus.

新型冠狀病毒的傳播。

It's a system for automatically

這是一個系統，用於自動

and autonomously logging all

並自主記錄所有

the people you've been in contact with.

與你接觸過的人。

So if one of those people gets diagnosed with coronavirus,

所以，如果這些人中有人被診斷為冠狀病毒。

you'll get an alert saying you've been exposed

你會收到一個警報，說你已經暴露了。

and should quarantine.

並應隔離。

It's a really ambitious project

這是一個非常雄心勃勃的項目

and we're only a couple weeks in,

而我們只有幾個星期的時間。

but it could make a huge difference

但它可能會產生巨大的變化

in how we recover from the outbreak.

我們如何從疫情中恢復。

The system works by blasting out short codes over Bluetooth,

該系統的工作原理是通過藍牙噴射出短碼。

technically the Bluetooth low-energy beacon system.

技術上，藍牙低能信標系統。

Your phone collects a log of all the codes you've received,

你的手機會收集你收到的所有代碼的日誌。

representing all the people

代表全國人民

who have been close enough to infect you.

誰已經足夠接近感染你。

Those codes are encrypted and constantly changing,

這些密碼是加密的，而且不斷變化。

so you can't use them to work back to a person's identity.

所以你不能用它們來回溯一個人的身份。

Even if someone does test positive

即使有人檢測結果呈陽性

and decides to share that diagnosis,

並決定分享這一診斷。

it's still pretty hard to figure out who the person is,

要想知道這個人是誰，還是挺難的。

although it's not completely impossible.

雖然也不是完全不可能。

More importantly,

更重要的是。

the codes you collect never leave your phone.

您收集的代碼永遠不會離開您的手機。

So there's no master list of who's interacting with who.

所以，誰和誰的互動沒有主表。

The details here are a little complex,

這裡的細節有點複雜。

and we'll link to a more thorough explanation

我們將鏈接到一個更詳細的解釋。

in the description,

在描述中。

but the important thing is

但重要的是

it's not collecting absolute location data,

它沒有收集絕對的位置數據。

and there are a lot of measures

並且有很多措施

to keep you anonymous while you're using it.

以保證你在使用它的時候是匿名的。

Apple and Google hope to make an API available

蘋果和谷歌希望能提供一個API

to public health agencies by mid-May,

5月中旬前向公共衛生機構提交。

which means that by the summer,

這意味著，到了夏天。

you could see an app using this system built

你可以看到一個使用該系統構建的應用程序

and distributed by your state government.

並由貴州政府分發。

In the months after that,

在那之後的幾個月裡。

they're gonna ship it as an update to iOS and Android.

他們會把它作為iOS和Android的更新。

So it'll still require explicit permission,

所以還是需要明確的許可。

they're not trying to sign anyone up

他們不是想簽下任何人

for this against their will,

因為這違背了他們的意願。

but don't be surprised

卻不料

if you start seeing pop-up notifications asking

如果您開始看到彈出式通知，詢問

if you wanna join the project.

如果你想加入這個項目。

That's important because by the time the summer gets here,

這一點很重要，因為到了夏天的時候。

we're gonna really need a system like this.

我們真的需要一個這樣的系統。

We don't know how the outbreak is gonna play out,

我們不知道如何爆發是要去玩了。

but optimistic projections show U.S. hospitalizations,

但樂觀的預測顯示，美國住院人數。

peaking in April and declining throughout May,

4月達到高峰，整個5月有所下降。

assuming we keep social distancing restrictions in place

假設我們繼續保持社交距離的限制。

and do everything else right.

並做好其他一切工作。

As we start to open up again,

當我們又開始開放的時候。

we're gonna need some way

我們需要一些方法

to keep contagious people quarantined

隔離傳染病人

while everyone else goes back to work.

而其他人都回去工作了。

And because people can be contagious for five days

因為人在五天內都會被傳染的

before they show any symptoms of the disease at all,

在他們出現任何疾病症狀之前。

that's gonna be really hard.

這將是非常困難的。

People who work with outbreaks have a system for doing this,

從事突發事件工作的人都有一套系統。

although we've never done it at this scale before,

雖然我們從來沒有在這個規模上做過。

it's called contact tracing.

這就是所謂的接觸追蹤。

Basically, when someone gets a positive diagnosis,

基本上，當有人得到一個積極的診斷。

you sit them down and run through everything they did

你讓他們坐下來，把他們做的所有事情都說一遍。

during the contagious period.

在傳染期。

Where they went, who they talked to,

他們去了哪裡，和誰說話。

anyone who might've been close enough to catch the disease.

任何可能已經足夠接近感染疾病的人。

Then you find all of those people

然後你發現所有這些人

and get them into quarantine,

並把他們送進檢疫所。

making sure this particular infection doesn't spread

確保這種特殊的感染不會蔓延

any further than that circle of people.

比這個圈子裡的人更進一步。

If you're doing enough tests and quarantining enough people,

如果你做了足夠多的測試，隔離了足夠多的人。

then the disease has nowhere to spread.

那麼疾病就無處可傳了。

We've seen this system work for coronavirus

我們已經看到這個系統對冠狀病毒有效

in countries like Singapore and South Korea,

在新加坡和韓國等國家。

and it's generally been through mobile alerts.

而且一般都是通過手機提醒。

It's a lot easier to get 15 people's phone numbers

要得到15個人的電話號碼，容易得多。

than to track down 15 people in person.

比親自去追蹤15個人。

And if you cut out the interviewer

如果你剪掉面試官

and just have an app do it, it's even simpler.

而且只要有一個app來做，就更簡單了。

Outside of Singapore and South Korea,

新加坡和韓國以外。

most countries haven't been able

大多數國家還不能

to launch a contact tracing app,

啟動一個聯繫人追蹤應用程序。

although a lot of places have tried.

雖然很多地方都嘗試過。

But having Apple and Google onboard means you know

但是，有蘋果和谷歌的加入，意味著你懂得

this system will ship to billions of phones

這個系統將運到數十億手機上

and you know there won't be any permissions problems

你就知道不會有任何權限問題了

about collecting the Bluetooth data.

關於收集藍牙數據。

They're the only two companies in the world

他們是世界上僅有的兩家公司。

that can do this,

可以做到這一點。

so having both of them signed on makes

所以他們兩個人都簽了字

a huge difference in what you can do.

巨大的差異，你可以做什麼。

At the same time,

同時。

there's a lot that Apple and Google

蘋果和谷歌有很多

are explicitly not gonna do.

是明確不會做的。

They're not building the alert apps

他們沒有建立警報應用程序

or setting rules for how to quarantine.

或制定如何檢疫的規則。

They aren't even touching the question

他們連問題都沒問

of how you verify that everyone

你如何驗證每個人

who sends an alert through the app actually is infected,

誰通過應用程序發送警報，實際上是感染。

weeding out the trolls and false positives.

剔除巨魔和假陽性。

All they've built is a way to log contacts and send alerts,

他們所建立的只是一種記錄聯繫人和發送警報的方式。

and then a way to get that system onto phones.

然後再想辦法把這個系統放到手機上。

Everything else is gonna come down

其他的一切都會被淘汰

to the public health agencies,

公共衛生機構；

which have never dealt with anything on this scale before.

以前從來沒有處理過這種規模的事情。

There's a real question as to how much people trust them

人們對他們的信任度到底有多高，確實是個問題

with this system.

與此係統。

And an even bigger question is

而一個更大的問題是

to whether they can pull it off.

到他們是否能成功。

So far, most of those agencies have been too busy scrambling

到目前為止，這些機構大多忙於爭奪。

for hospital beds and ventilators to get much

醫院的病床和呼吸機得到了很大的發展。

of a contact tracing effort underway.

正在進行的追蹤接觸的工作。

We still don't have nearly enough testing

我們仍然沒有足夠的測試

and the federal response has given way

而聯邦的反應已經讓步

to a kind of free-for-all among the states

變成了各州之間的自由競爭。

who are already running out of resources.

已經耗盡資源的人。

Apple and Google just can't solve that problem.

蘋果和谷歌就是解決不了這個問題。

But if the system they've laid out is gonna work,

但是，如果他們制定的制度是要去工作。

those agencies and the public sector in general

這些機構和整個公共部門

are gonna have to get better fast.

是要去必須得到更好的快速。

So we're doing a ton of reporting on this system

所以我們在這個系統上做了大量的報告。

and there's a lot that didn't make it into this video,

有很多東西都沒有進入這個視頻。

so we're leaving a bunch of links in the description

所以我們在描述中留下了一堆鏈接。

and there's a bunch more stuff coming

還有更多的東西來

that's gonna be on the site in the next week or so.

這是要去的網站 在接下來的一週左右。

So stay tuned for that,

所以，敬請期待。

and otherwise, stay safe out there.

和其他，保持安全在那裡。