BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.

BBC學習英語。我是尼爾。

And I'm Sam.

我是山姆。

You and I are lucky, Sam, because

你和我是幸運的，山姆，因為

we can do our jobs remotely,

我們可以遠程完成我們的工作。

working from home. There

在家工作。有

are some downsides, though - like not

是一些缺點，雖然 - 像不

being able to meet up

得以相見

with friends or share ideas

與朋友分享意見

with colleagues.

與同事。

And going out for lunch!

還要出去吃午飯!

But the coronavirus pandemic has caused

但冠狀病毒的大流行已經引起了。

millions of people to lose

百萬人喪生

their job and forced thousand

他們的工作，並迫使千

more out of work temporarily with no idea

更多的暫時失業，不知道

if their job will still be there when they

他們的工作是否還在

return.

返回。

For those daily workers without

對於那些日常工作者來說，沒有

savings to pay the rent and

儲蓄來支付租金和

feed their families it has

養家餬口

been especially stressful. Each job loss

一直特別緊張。每次失業

is a potential personal tragedy.

是一個潛在的個人悲劇。

In this programme, we'll be assessing the

在這個節目中，我們將評估的是

post-Covid job landscape

後科維德工作景觀

and asking whether a radical

並詢問是否有激進的

new approach is needed to prevent

需要採取新的方法來防止

global mass unemployment.

全球大規模失業；

We'll be asking whether one of the

我們要問的是，是否有一個

world's smallest - and

世界上最小的

richest - countries, Denmark,

最富有的-國家，丹麥。

might hold the answer.

也許會有答案。

And of course, we'll be learning some new

當然，我們也會學習一些新的...

vocabulary as well. But first it's time for

詞彙量也是如此。但首先是時間

our quiz question. One man who knows

我們的問答題。一個人誰知道

a lot about jobs is Brad Smith,

很多關於工作是布拉德-史密斯。

president of Microsoft,

微軟總裁。

a company employing over 150 thousand

十五萬人的公司

workers. He's made gloomy

工人。他讓人黯然神傷

predictions about the number

預測數

of people out of work - but how many

但有多少人失業？

people does he predict will be left

他預測會有多少人被留下

unemployed this

失業

year as a result of the

年的結果

coronavirus pandemic? Is it:

冠狀病毒大流行？是嗎？

a) one quarter of a billion people?, b) one

a）25億人中的一個？

third of a billion people?, or c) half

三分之一的十億人？

a billion people?

十億人？

Wow, those numbers do really look

哇，這些數字真的看起來

gloomy! I'll say b) one third

黯然神傷!我說b)三分之一

of a billion people

十億人的

unemployed around the world.

世界各地的失業者。

OK, Sam, we'll come back to that later.

好吧，薩姆，我們稍後再來討論這個問題。

Now, mass unemployment - millions

現在，大規模的失業--數百萬人

of people losing

損失的人

their jobs due to the Covid pandemic - has

由於科維德大流行，他們的工作 -- -- 已被取消。

left the world facing an enormous

給世界帶來了巨大的影響。

jobs challenge.

就業挑戰。

Elisabeth Reynolds, of the Massachusetts

馬薩諸塞州的Elisabeth Reynolds；

Institute of Technology, is author

技術學院，是作者

of the report 'Work

工作 "的報告

of the Future'. Here she is talking to BBC

的未來"。在這裡，她正在與BBC交談。

World Service programme,

世界服務方案。

Business Daily, about

商報，關於

the current situation:

目前的情況。

Well, I think in the short term it does

嗯，我認為在短期內，它是。

feel like we are not yet in

恍如隔世

a place where we can

蓬蓽生輝

talk about recovery and rebuilding

談恢復重建

completely - we're still gonna

完全 - 我們還是要

see the ramifications,

看清了後果。

the impact and the ripple effect of all

的影響和漣漪效應

this for months to come.

這在未來的幾個月裡。

We use the expressions, 'in the long term'

我們使用的表達方式是，"從長遠來看

and 'in the short term' to talk

和'短期'來談

about what will

關於將

happen over a long or short period of

時長時短

time. In the short term, - over

時間。在短期內，-------------在

a short period of

一時半會

time - Elisabeth thinks it's too early

時間--伊麗莎白認為太早了

to talk about a jobs recovery.

來談就業復甦。

She also warns that we haven't yet

她還警告說，我們還沒有。

experienced the full impact or

飽受衝擊或

ramifications of the pandemic.

疫情的影響。

Like throwing a stone into water, these

就像往水裡扔石頭一樣，這些

consequences create

後果

a ripple effect - a situation where

漣漪效應--一種情況是

one event causes a series of effects

一波未平一波又起

which spread and produce further effects.

擴散併產生進一步的影響。

According to Elisabeth, the problem is

根據伊麗莎白的說法，問題是

that many of the government

許多政府

measures put in place

採取措施

to support jobs are not sustainable

支持就業是不可持續的

in the long term. She says

從長遠來看。她說

more radical change is

更徹底的改變是

needed.

需要。

Of course the big question is - how?

當然，最大的問題是--怎麼做？

One proposed solution is

一個擬議的解決方案是

the Danish model. This balances

丹麥模式。這就平衡了

citizens' rights and duties.

公民的權利和義務；

Denmark provides one of the world's

丹麥提供了世界上其中一個

most generous unemployment payouts

最優厚的失業救濟金

but in return citizens

但作為回報，公民

are expected to commit to any job or

承諾任何工作或

training the government thinks

訓練

would be beneficial.

將是有益的。

Jacob Kirkegaard, senior fellow at

Jacob Kirkegaard, 高級研究員

the Peterson Institute in Washington,

華盛頓的彼得森研究所。

is himself a Dane.

本身就是一個丹麥人。

Here he explains to BBC Business Daily

他在此向BBC商報解釋

how the model works:

該模型如何運作。

It's very easy to hire and fire people in

在這裡僱人、炒人都很容易。

Denmark - it doesn't cost

丹麥--不花錢

you anything and

你什麼都可以

you don't have sort of a guaranteed job

無業遊民

for life once you

一輩子

get a permanent contract, which

簽下長期合同

is the situation in many other continental

是許多其他大陸國家的情況。

European countries... so

歐洲國家... 所以

it combines labour

它結合了勞動

market flexibility with employment

市場靈活性與就業

security... namely the idea that people,

安全... 也就是人們的想法。

if they lose

如果他們輸了

their job, they know that they can find

他們的工作，他們知道，他們可以找到

another job even if that requires

改行

them to pick up

他們撿起

new skills ... because that upskilling - or

新的技能......因為這種提高技能--或

reskilling - is going to be made available

再培訓----將提供；

to them, partly through very lavish

對他們來說，部分原因是通過非常奢侈的

government subsides.

政府補貼。

Denmark enjoys labour flexibility because

丹麥享有勞動靈活性，因為

it's easy for bosses

易如反掌

to hire and fire - employ

僱用和解僱 - 僱用

someone and release them from

放人

employment, meaning there's

就業，也就是說，有

no such thing as a job for

無事可做

life - one that you can stay

的生活--一個你可以留

in all your working life.

在你所有的工作生涯中。

But citizens also have the security of

但公民也有安全感

lavish - generous and

慷慨大方

expensive - benefits, and the

昂貴的福利，以及

government will also pay for worker

政府也將支付工人的費用

upskilling - training to learn

提高技能 -- -- 學習培訓

new skills making them

新技能

better at their jobs...

更好地在他們的工作...

...and thereby preventing unemployment -

.從而防止失業

which reminds me of your

這讓我想起了你

quiz question, Neil.

測驗題，尼爾。

Yes, I asked you how many people were

是的，我問你有多少人

predicted to lose their jobs

預測將失去工作

to the Covid pandemic.

到科維德大流行。

And I said b) one third of a billion

我說b)三分之一億人

Well, fortunately it's the slightly lower,

嗯，幸好是稍微低一點的。

but still worrying, figure of one quarter

但仍然令人擔憂的是，四分之一的數字

of a billion people.

十億人的。

We've been discussing predictions of

我們一直在討論對

mass unemployment in the

大規模失業

short term - or over a

短期

short time period, caused by the

短時間內，由於

coronavirus pandemic. It also

冠狀病毒大流行。它還

seems we will be experiencing

看來我們將經歷

the ripple effects - series of

漣漪效應--系列

consequences, of the virus

病毒的後果

for a long time to come.

在未來很長一段時間內。

One solution to mass unemployment may

解決大規模失業的一個辦法可能是

be the Danish model, were

是丹麥的模式，是

the power to hire or fire

僱傭權或解僱權

- employ someone or make them

- 聘用

unemployed - means there

失業----意味著有

are not many jobs for life - jobs you

是不多的工作的生活 - 工作，你

can do all your working life.

可以做一輩子的工作。

But lavish - expensive and generous -

但奢侈--昂貴而慷慨--。

benefits from the government,

從政府那裡得到的好處。

who also pay for upskilling

誰還會為提高技能付費

or training in new skills, means that

或新技能的培訓，意味著

Danish unemployment is rarely

丹麥的失業率很少

out of control.

失控。

That's all we have time for, but come back

我們的時間到此為止，但請回來吧

soon for more trending

很快就會有更多的趨勢

topics and useful vocabulary

主題和有用詞彙

here at 6 Minute English from

在這裡，6分鐘英語從

BBC Learning English. Bye for now!

BBC學習英語。暫時再見!

Bye!

再見！