Name: 【CNN10】美國製藥公司的聲明、五級颶風直撲中美洲、冰淇淋的歷史與未來發展｜2020年11月17日 (The History Of Ice Cream | November 17, 2020)
Uploaded: 2020-11-23T21:01:30.000Z
Duration: 10 min 1 s

程度副詞

Here to deliver 10 minutes of news, features and some pretty unacceptable puns.

我們將帶給你們 10 分鐘的新聞、特寫和一些讓你哭笑不得的雙關語。

I'm Carl Azuz, it's good to see you this Tuesday.

我是 Carl Azuz，很高興這星期二能看到你們。

We're starting with some medical news that has never been reported before.

我們先從未曾報導過的醫學新聞開始講起。

According to the US Health and Human Services secretary, there are not one, but two vaccines that are showing hopeful data from phase 3 trials less than a year after a global pandemic began.

根據美國衛生及公共服務部部長，在全球疫情開始不到一年的時間，已經有兩種疫苗在第三階段試驗中顯示出有希望的數據。

讓我們來更詳細的了解一下流程。

Phase 3 trials are when vaccines were tested on thousands of people for safety and effectiveness after they've been tested on smaller groups in phases 1 and 2.

當疫苗經過第一階段和第二階段對數千人進行安全性、有效性的小規模試驗後，才會是第三階段試驗。

Less than a year is significant because medical officials say no vaccine has ever been developed in less than 4 years, and many take 10 years or more before they make it to your doctor's office.

能在不到一年的時間做出疫苗是個重大突破，因為醫療官員表示，從來沒有疫苗在不到四年的時間研發出來，且許多疫苗需要十年，甚至更長時間才能完成並送到醫生的辦公室。

It's been one week since the U.S. drug company Pfizer announced its coronavirus vaccine appeared to be 90 percent effective, at least in early data from a phase 3 trial.

美國製藥公司輝瑞大藥廠宣佈其新冠肺炎疫苗似乎 90% 有效已經一週了，至少在三期試驗的早期數據中有效的。

Now, another U.S. drug company named Moderna says it's COVID vaccine appears to be almost 95 percent effective again in early data from a phase three trial.

現在，美國另一家名為 Moderna 的製藥公司表示，它們的 COVID 疫苗似乎在三期試驗的早期數據中有近 95% 的有效性。

If these vaccines are proven safe and approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, medical officials say the country could be issuing them by the end of the year.

如果這些疫苗證明是安全的，並得到美國食品藥品監督管理局的認可，醫療官員表示美國可能在年底前發放。

They'd be available first to high-risk groups like health care workers and the elderly.

他們首先會提供疫苗給醫護人員和老年人等高風險群體。

The rest of the population could likely get vaccinated next spring.

其餘的人可能會在明年春天接種疫苗。

What's unknown is how many people will trust the shots and whether they'll actually stop the spread of COVID-19.

現在還不知道有多少人會相信這些疫苗，也不知道這疫苗是否真的能阻止新冠肺炎的蔓延。

America has recorded more than a million new positive tests in less than a week, it's the fastest time that's happened

美國在不到一週的時間裡記錄到超過 100 萬個新的陽性測試，這是疫情散播最快的時候。

To try to slow the spread, different states are taking different steps.

為了減緩疫情擴散，各州都採取了不同的措施。

From requiring residents to wear mask, to going back to online learning in school, to reducing the number allowed inside restaurants and businesses, to restricting gatherings and church services.

要求居民戴口罩、學校再次線上學習、減少餐廳和企業的人數、限制集會和教堂服務。

With the Thanksgiving holiday approaching, some states are advising Americans not to get together with family and friends.

感恩節假期即將到來，一些州建議美國人不要與親朋好友聚會。

Some critics are accusing governments of taking away their freedoms.

一些批評者開始指責政府剝奪了他們的自由。

More than 99 percent of people who catch coronavirus are estimated to survive it, and the challenge to contain the disease extends worldwide.

據估計感染新冠肺炎的人們中有超過 99% 的機率能存活，而全球都想遏制疫情蔓延的難題。

Japan wants to show the world that it can host the Olympics in the middle of a pandemic.

日本想向全世界展示，即使在疫情期間它也可以舉辦奧運。

32 gymnasts from Japan, the U.S., Russia, and China plus 2000 socially distanced fans gathered at Yoyogi National Gymnasium earlier this month in Tokyo for one of the first international sporting competitions since the COVID-19 pandemic began.

月初，來自日本、美國、俄羅斯和中國的 32 名體操運動員，再加上 2000 名保持社交距離的粉絲們齊聚東京 Yoyogi 國立體育館，參加自疫情爆發以來的首次國際體育比賽之一。

It's a glimpse of what Tokyo may do for the Olympic Games, scheduled for next summer.

我們可以從中窺見東京為明年夏天的奧運可能會做的事情。

For athletes, this was a competition like no other.

對於運動員來說，這是一場前所未有的比賽。

Masks, temperature check, daily COVID tests leading up to the competition.

口罩、檢查體溫、每日新冠肺炎檢測都是在為比賽做的準備。

Two weeks quarantine in their home countries before arriving on charter planes to Tokyo.

在乘坐包機抵達東京之前，他們自己的國家已經隔離了兩週。

The Chinese delegation even arrived in full hazmat suits.

中國代表團甚至穿著全套防護衣抵達的。

Yul Moldauer,  one of the six American gymnasts who competed, said it was a strange but unique experience.

Yul Moldauer 是六名美國體操運動員之一，他說這是一個怪異卻獨特的比賽經驗。

It was stressful, but it was very special.

We haven't competed in, like, nine months or more, so just to be able to be back in the venue, back in front of a crowd and back with other world class athletes, it was just amazing to feel like an athlete again.

我們已經九個多月沒參加過比賽了，所以能回到賽場、回到觀眾面前、與其他世界級的運動員在一起較勁，讓我再次感覺自己像個運動員真的太棒了。

For gymnast MJ Fraser, this was her first time outside of the U.S.

對體操運動員 MJ Fraser 來說，這是她第一次出國比賽。

But her only views of Japan were through the hotel or bus windows.

但她能看到的日本，僅能從飯店或巴士的窗戶往外看。

Because of this competition, it not only gives me hope that there could be another season, it makes me feel like we can.

因為這次比賽，不僅讓我看到可能還會有比賽的希望，也讓我覺得我們可以辦到的。

We all stayed very safe and because of the bubble that we were all in, it gave us less of a chance of contracting the virus.

我們都非常安全，因為我們都有保持社交距離，這降低了我們感染病毒的機率。

It's unclear how Japan can scale these COVID measures for the Olympics, which typically has hundreds of events, more than 10,000 competitors and millions of spectators.

奧運通常會有數百個項目、超過一萬名選手和數百萬觀眾，現在還不清楚日本會如何制訂奧運的防疫措施。

The president of the International Olympic Committee, Thomas Bach, is in Japan for his first visit since the pandemic began.

國際奧委會主席 Thomas Bach 自疫情爆發後首次造訪日本。

This makes us also very confident that we can have spectators then in the Olympic stadia next year.

這讓我們也非常有信心，明年我們可以在奧運會館裡會有觀眾。

Meanwhile, Japan is dealing with a third wave of COVID-19 cases as infections reached record highs of more than 1000 a day.

在此同時，日本正在處理第三波新冠肺炎的病例，創下每日超過 1000 確診人數的歷史新高。

One health expert says Japan needs to strengthen its contact tracing and testing measures, warning that there could be a resurgence as Japan relaxes its border restrictions at a time when cases in the U.S. and Europe continued to rise.

一位衛生專家表示，日本需要加強其接觸者的追蹤和檢測措施，並警告日本在歐美病例持續增加之際放寬邊境限制， 疫情可能會再次爆發。

As we produced this show last night, Hurricane Iota was bearing down on Central America, and forecasters said it could be catastrophic.

當我們昨晚製作這節目時，颶風約塔正直撲中美洲，預報員說這場颶風可能帶來災難性破壞。

Yesterday afternoon Iota was a category five storm, the strongest classifications of hurricane with sustained wind speeds of 160 miles per hour.

昨日下午，屬最高強度等級的五級颶風約塔，持續風速達 160 英里 / 小時。

And it was headed for the coasts of Nicaragua and Honduras.

它正往朝尼加拉瓜和洪都拉斯沿海地區的方向接近。

Two countries that were hit by Hurricane Eta on November 3rd.

11 月 3 日這兩個國家才遭颶風伊塔摧殘。

They're still recovering from that deadly storm, and now, like that system, Iota is threatening to bring a dangerous storm surge, a rise in seawater levels blown ashore as well as rains that could cause flash flooding, river flooding and mudslides.

他們上場致命級颶風的災情還沒復原，而現在威力如此強大的伊塔將帶來危險風暴潮的威脅，海面上升以及降雨可能導致山洪暴發、河水氾濫和泥石流。

Lota is the 30th named storm of the Atlantic hurricane season.

約塔是大西洋颶風季節中第 30 個命名的熱帶風暴。

That's a record, but it's the only one this year that's reached category five strength.

這創下了記錄，但今年唯一一個強度達到五級的颶風。

What is the origin of "I scream, you scream we all scream for ice cream"?

「我驚呼，你驚呼，我們都為了冰淇淋驚呼」起源於哪裡呢？

1920s' novelty song F. Scott Fitzgerald novel, college football cheer or J.M. Barrie play?

1920年代的新穎歌曲、 F. Scott Fitzgerald 小說、大學足球啦啦隊，還是 J.M. Barrie 的演出？

What became a popular phrase in American culture started as a light-hearted tune of the 1920s.

在美國文化中成為流行語的是 1920 年代輕鬆愉快的曲調。

The origins of ice cream itself are less clear.

Historians believe it dates back to medieval China, when milk was mixed with other ingredients before being frozen in pools of ice.

歷史學家認為，這可以追溯到中世紀的中國，當時牛奶被冷凍於冰池之前會與其他成分混合。

A form of sorbet had become a popular dessert in Europe by the later 1600s, and Americans dating back to George Washington enjoyed the cool confection.

17 世紀後期，冰淇淋在歐洲已經是種受歡迎的甜點，而在美國則會追溯到喬治華盛頓喜歡這種冰涼的甜點。

The basic ingredients of cream, milk and sugar have remained pretty steady through the recent decades, but the way it's been served and shopped for continues to evolve in 2020.

近幾十年來，奶油、牛奶和糖的基本成分一直相當穩定，但其供應和銷售方式在 2020 年也繼續發展。

Trucks, corner shop freezers, the grocery aisle--places where we're used to grabbing an ice cream.

冰淇淋車，街角的冰淇淋小店，雜貨店的走道上，都是我們過去曾買冰淇淋的地方。

But when the COVID-19 pandemic hit, many people stopped visiting them.

但當新冠肺炎爆發時，許多人不再去吃了。

That was a problem for the world's largest ice cream brands.

這對全球最大的冰淇淋品牌來說是個難題。

I suppose as an ice cream brand, we're a bit messianic.

我認為以冰淇淋品牌來說，我們有點像個救世主。

We believe that, you know, people want it, which has gotta find a way to get it to them.

我們認為人們想要吃冰淇淋，我們就得想辦法把冰淇淋送到他們手上。

聯合利華公司的解決辦法是什麼呢？宅配到家。

Unilever is the corporate home to some of the world's best known ice cream brands.

聯合利華是世界上一些最著名的冰淇淋品牌的企業通路商。

In Q2 it saw online food and refreshments sales grow 139 percent over last year's.

在  Q2 中，我們可以看到線上食品和點心的銷售額比去年增加了 139%。

Unilever says home delivery of ice cream drove that increased during the pandemic.

聯合利華表示在疫情期間，冰淇淋宅配到家的數量越來越多。

You could see consumer behavior evolved from, you know, "I need to survive" to "actually, I need to be happy while I'm cocooning or surviving at home."

你可以看到消費者的行為從「我需要生存」演變到「其實當我在家隔離或生存時，我也想要感到快樂。」

To make deliveries possible, the company partners with local services like Grubhub, Uber eats, DoorDash and even Domino's Pizza in several major cities across the globe.

為了讓宅配實現，該公司在全球數個主要城市與當地服務機構合作，例如 Grubhub、Uber eats、DoorDash，和 Domino's Pizza。

By tapping into its existing network of freezers and retailers and restaurants, Unilever claims it can have ice cream on customers doorsteps in 30 minutes.

聯合利華主張藉由利用現有的冰櫃、零售商和餐廳，他們可以在 30 分鐘內將冰淇淋送到顧客家門口。

Unilever first piloted its Ice Cream Now service back in 2016.

聯合利華早在 2016 年就首次試過 Now 服務的冰淇淋。

But it isn't the only company to have tried ice cream on demand.

但它並不是唯一一家嘗試過依顧客要求即可提供的冰淇淋的公司。

Several ice cream makers, including Baskin Robbins and Haagen-Dazs, use independent delivery services to get their desserts direct to customers.

包括 Baskin Robbins 和 Haagen-Dazs 在內的一些冰淇淋製造商使用獨立的配送服務，將甜點直接送到顧客手上。

Haagen-Dazs also trialed its own ice cream delivery app in 2018.

哈根達斯在 2018 年也試用了自己的冰淇淋配送應用程式。

Unilever believes the demand for delivery won't go away once the pandemic subsides.

聯合利華認為即使疫情平息後，宅配的需求也不會消失。

If you become an Internet shopper, you stay an Internet shopper.

如果你成為網購者，你就會一直是個網購者。

That does change the fundamentals of how we work as a business.

以一個公司來說，這確實改變了我們工作的基本原則。

But there's one obstacle that's marked ice cream makers since the industry's earliest days: How do you sell the icy delight when it's cold outside?

但冰淇淋製造商在最早期的時候就有一個障礙了：當外面很冷的時候，該如何銷售出令人冰爽的喜悅？

Unilever thought that home delivery and marketing for the living room sofa was the way ahead.

聯合利華認為人們在客廳沙發享受著宅配服務和市場行銷是未來發展的方向。

But as customers search for their favorite scoops online, it looks like a pandemic could get Unilever closer to the goal it's been working towards for a century: ice cream, all year round.

但當消費者在網上搜尋他們最喜歡的冰淇淋店時，似乎這次疫情可讓聯合利華離這個世紀以來一直努力實現的目標更接近了：全年供應冰淇淋。

Disney is looking for ways to make the robots at its theme parks more interactive.

迪士尼正在找尋讓主題樂園的機器人更具互動性的方法。

Unfortunately, critics say, one of the robots looks like this.

不幸的是，評論家說其中一個機器人會長這樣。

It doesn't have skin, at least at this point,

But it does look pretty lifelike in a creepy, unfinished sort of way.

但以一種怪異、未完成的角度來看，它確實看起來很逼真。

And it's been programmed along with its realistic eye movements, to respond to the people around it.

它被設計擁有逼真的眼球運動對周圍的人做出反應。

Of course, not all people will want to stay around it.

當然，並不是所有人都會想待在它身邊。

As it stares cyborgs into you with heartless mechanized, and unnerving "lip-lessness" around its "skele-teeth" that would make humans want to express themselves by expressly moving to more attractive attractions.

當它用機械人的無情、令人不安的「無唇的骷髏牙」機械式的盯著你時，會使人類想要利用刻意地轉移到更有吸引力的目標以表露自我。

It's a small world after all, we live in an awesome planet.

畢竟世界很小，我們生活在一個很棒的星球上。

Why become frozen every after in an icy stare that'd make "Peter Pan" want to take flight?

為什麼每次冰冷的凝視都會讓想逃走的「小飛俠」凍僵呢？

I'm Carla Azuz, and before we leave, we just need to recognize our viewers at the Royal Air Force Base in Feltwell England, United Kingdom.

我是 Carla Azuz，在我們離開之前，我們要來認識一下在位於英國 Feltwell 英國皇家空軍的觀眾。