This is News Review from BBC Learning English. I'm Tom.

這裡是BBC學習英語的新聞評論。我是湯姆。

Joining me this morning is Roy. Good morning, Roy.

今天早上和我一起的是羅伊。早上好，羅伊。

Hello Tom and hello everybody.

你好，湯姆，大家好。

If you would like to test yourself on the vocabulary around this story,

如果你想測試一下自己在這個故事周圍的詞彙量。

all you need to do is head to our website

你需要做的就是前往我們的網站

bbclearningenglish.com to take a quiz.

bbclearningenglish.com來進行測驗。

But now, let's hear more about this story from Ed Sheeran himself:

但現在，讓我們聽聽艾德-希蘭本人對這個故事的看法。

So, Ed Sheeran has won a High Court copyright battle

是以，艾德-希蘭贏得了一場高等法院的版權訴訟

over his 2017 hit Shape of You.

在他2017年的熱門歌曲《Shape of You》中。

He was accused of plagiarising the 2015 song Oh Why by Sami Chokri.

他被指控剽竊了薩米-喬克里2015年的歌曲《Oh Why》。

A judge ruled that this was not the case.

一名法官裁定情況並非如此。

And we've got three words and expressions

而我們有三個詞和表達方式

to talk about this news story.

來談一談這個新聞故事。

What are they today, Roy?

他們今天是什麼情況，羅伊？

We have 'baseless', 'rip off' and 'in wake of'.

我們有'無根據'、'扯掉'和'在後'。

'Baseless', 'rip off', 'in wake of'.

毫無根據'，'撕毀'，'在後'。

OK. Roy, let's have your first headline please.

好的。羅伊，讓我們來看看你的第一個頭條新聞。

OK. So, our first headline is from the BBC and it reads:

好的。是以，我們的第一個標題來自英國廣播公司，內容如下。

'Baseless' — without evidence or facts.

毫無根據'--沒有證據或事實。

Roy, tell us about 'baseless'.

羅伊，告訴我們什麼是 "毫無根據"。

OK. So, 'baseless' is an adjective

好的。所以，"無根據 "是一個形容詞

and it is spelt B-A-S-E-L-E-S-S

而且它的拼寫是B-A-S-E-L-E-S-S

and it basically means that something has no evidence

而它的基本意思是，某些東西沒有證據

or facts to support it.

或事實來支持它。

Now, you used that verb 'support'.

現在，你用了那個動詞'支持'。

Now, if we 'support' something we make it stronger.

現在，如果我們 "支持 "某個東西，就會使它變得更強大。

Is there a connection between the idea of a 'base' and 'support'.

基地 "和 "支持 "的概念之間是否有聯繫。

Yeah. OK. So, for example,

是的。好的。是以，舉例來說。

the 'base' of something is the bottom of something.

某物的 "基地 "是某物的底部。

We often build things on 'bases':

我們經常在 "基地 "上建造東西。

for example, a structure like a house.

例如，一個像房子一樣的結構。

And the 'base' of it makes that structure more stable.

而它的'底座'使這個結構更加穩定。

Now, in terms of 'baseless' as the adjective here,

現在，就這裡的 "毫無根據 "這個形容詞而言。

what we're talking about is a claim —

我們正在談論的是一項索賠 --

somebody saying that somebody did something.

有人說，有人做了什麼。

If you say that a claim is 'baseless',

如果你說一個主張是'毫無根據的'。

you're basically saying that there is no support,

你基本上是在說，沒有支持。

there is no evidence, there is no facts to support that claim.

沒有任何證據，沒有任何事實來支持這一說法。

OK. So, there's no 'base': it's 'baseless'.

好的。所以，沒有'基礎'：是'無基礎'。

There's nothing to support it — makes sense.

沒有什麼可以支持它--有道理。

Is it the same as saying that something is untrue?

這與說某事不真實是一樣的嗎？

Well, it's very similar.

嗯，這非常相似。

It's a similar idea to basically saying you can't prove it.

這是一個類似的想法，基本上是說你無法證明它。

There's no evidence to that.

沒有任何證據表明這一點。

OK. Now, do we hear this in everyday conversation?

好的。現在，我們在日常對話中聽到這樣的話嗎？

Could I say: 'Roy, you're being...

我可以說：'羅伊，你正在......'。

making a baseless accusation about me.'

對我進行毫無根據的指控'。

Well, you could, but it's... it's quite a formal expression

好吧，你可以，但它......它是一個相當正式的表達。

so we don't really hear it in, sort of, everyday conversations.

所以我們在日常對話中並沒有真正聽到它。

You'd probably just say: 'Well, that's not right.'

你可能就會說：'嗯，這不對'。

Or: 'That's not true.'

或者："這不是真的。

OK. So, 'baseless' is an adjective.

好的。所以，"無根據 "是一個形容詞。

What are the nouns it goes with? What collocations are there?

它與哪些名詞搭配？有哪些搭配？

So, you can have a 'baseless' rumour:

是以，你可以有一個 "毫無根據 "的謠言。

so, you have rumours that have no, sort of, evidence to support it.

所以，你的謠言沒有任何證據來支持它。

'Baseless' accusations and of course 'baseless' claims,

'毫無根據'的指責，當然也有'毫無根據'的說法。

as it appears in the headline.

因為它出現在標題中。

Wonderful. Thank you, Roy.

很好。謝謝你，羅伊。

Let's take a look at our summary slide:

讓我們看一下我們的總結幻燈片。

OK. We're talking about things which are 'baseless',

好的。我們談論的是'毫無根據'的事情。

which may or may not be true.

這可能是真的，也可能不是真的。

How good are you at spotting a lie?

你在識別謊言方面的能力如何？

Can You Spot a Lie?

你能發現一個謊言嗎？

That's the title of our 6 Minute episode which we're going to present to you

這就是我們將向大家介紹的6分鐘節目的題目

and how can the audience get it, Roy?

以及觀眾如何能得到它，羅伊？

OK. So, all you need to do is click the link in the description below.

好的。是以，你所需要做的就是點擊下面描述中的鏈接。

Just click that link. Great.

只要點擊那個鏈接。很好。

Roy, second headline please.

羅伊，請提供第二個標題。

OK. So, our second headline comes from Sky News and it reads:

好的。那麼，我們的第二個標題來自天空新聞，內容如下。

'Rip off' — copy or plagiarise something.

Rip off'--抄襲或剽竊某些東西。

Roy, tell us about 'rip off'.

羅伊，給我們講講 "撕毀"。

OK. So, 'rip off' is a phrasal verb.

好的。所以，"扯掉 "是一個短語動詞。

It is R-I-P. Second word: O-F-F.

它是R-I-P。第二個詞。O-F-F。

And it is separable, so you can 'rip something off' or 'rip off something'.

而且它是可分離的，所以你可以 "撕掉一些東西 "或 "撕掉一些東西"。

And it basically means to copy someone's work.

而它基本上意味著複製別人的作品。

OK. We copy someone's work — is...

好的。我們抄襲別人的作品 - 是...

this is an informal way to say we copy someone's work,

這是一種非正式的說法，即我們複製某人的作品。

but is it neutral, positive, negative?

但它是中性的、積極的還是消極的？

What's going on?

發生了什麼事？

Well, to 'rip off' is... is negative

嗯，"撕毀 "是......是消極的

and basically it means to steal somebody's work, if you like.

基本上是指偷竊別人的作品，如果你喜歡的話。

So, let me give you an example:

所以，讓我給你舉個例子。

we're at school and you write this really good essay,

我們在學校，你寫了這篇非常好的文章。

and my essay... yeah, it's rubbish.

而我的論文......是的，它是垃圾。

So, I decide to take your essay and I copy it,

是以，我決定採取你的文章，我複製它。

and you could say that I 'ripped off' your essay

你可以說我 "剽竊 "了你的文章

or 'ripped your essay off'.

或 "撕毀你的論文"。

Now, as you say, it's quite informal,

現在，正如你所說的，這是很不正式的。

so more formally you would say 'plagiarise'.

所以更正式地說，你會說 "剽竊"。

That's the verb: to 'plagiarise' something.

這是一個動詞："剽竊 "一些東西。

OK. So, we can 'rip off' or 'plagiarise' homework, work, a song.

好的。是以，我們可以 "抄襲 "或 "剽竊 "家庭作業、工作和歌曲。

I thought the phrase was related to money as well.

我以為這句話也是與錢有關。

Yeah, there is a... a sort of...

是的，有一種... 一種...

there is a use of 'rip off' when it relates to money

當涉及到錢的時候，有一個使用 "RIP OFF "的說法。

and it's got this idea of taking too much money —

而且它有這種想法，即拿了太多的錢 --

again, that idea of stealing.

再次，這種偷竊的想法。

Now, in terms of money, it means that I charge you...

現在，在金錢方面，這意味著我向你收取...

maybe I'll charge you a huge amount

也許我會向你收取鉅額費用

for something that would normally cost much less

通常花費少得多的東西

and it's an unfair amount.

而這是一個不公平的數額。

So, for example, I sold you a watch recently.

是以，舉例來說，我最近賣給你一塊手錶。

Did you... did you like that watch?

你......你喜歡那塊表嗎？

To be honest, Roy, I did not like that watch.

說實話，羅伊，我不喜歡那塊表。

It didn't work, it had no batteries, it was broken.

它不工作，沒有電池，它是壞的。

It was very expensive.

這是很昂貴的。

I'm very unhappy with the watch.

我對這塊表非常不滿意。

Well, I thought it was a great... a great watch,

嗯，我認為這是一個偉大的......一個偉大的手錶。

but I charged you a lot of money, so you could say that I 'ripped you off'.

但我收了你很多錢，所以你可以說我'宰了你'。

You 'ripped me off' when you sold me the watch.

當你賣給我手錶時，你'宰了我'。

Is there a way I can describe the watch?

有什麼辦法能讓我描述一下這塊表嗎？

Yes, you can use a noun. You can say the watch is a 'rip-off'

是的，你可以使用一個名詞。你可以說這塊表是 "宰人的"。

and we hyphenate that noun, so it's 'rip-off'.

我們把這個名詞連起來，所以它是'rip-off'。

So, Roy sold me a watch.

是以，羅伊賣給我一塊手錶。

He 'ripped me off'; it was bad quality.

他'宰了我'；它的品質很差。

The watch itself was a 'rip-off'.

這款手錶本身就是一個 "敲詐"。

That is our example; of course, Roy, you would never 'rip me off', correct?

這就是我們的例子；當然，羅伊，你永遠不會 "宰我"，對嗎？

No. Of course that didn't happen. It's just a great example.

不，這當然沒有發生。這只是一個很好的例子。

We're too good-of-friends and if...

我們是太好的朋友，如果...

if I ever charged you too much money for something...

如果我曾經向你收取過多的錢...

I wouldn't sell you anything anyway — I'd just give you as a present —

反正我不會賣給你任何東西--我只是作為禮物送給你。

but if ever I charged somebody too much,

但如果有一天我向某人收取了太多的費用。

I would always make sure to give them their money back.

我總是會確保把錢還給他們。

Let's have a look at our summary slide for 'rip off' please:

讓我們看看我們的摘要幻燈片，請看'扯掉'。

We're talking about money.

我們在談論錢。

Did you know that money spent on time can make you happy?

你知道花在時間上的錢可以讓你快樂嗎？

At least that's what we're discussing in this episode of News Review.

至少這就是我們在這期《新聞回顧》中討論的內容。

Roy, how can they get it?

羅伊，他們怎麼能得到它？

All you need to do is click the link in the description below.

你所需要做的就是點擊下面描述中的鏈接。

Click that link. OK. Perfect.

點擊該鏈接。好的。完美。

Roy, let's have a look at our next headline for today please.

羅伊，讓我們來看看今天的下一個頭條新聞。

OK. So, our next headline comes from The Independent and it reads:

好的。那麼，我們的下一個標題來自《獨立報》，內容如下。

'In wake of' — after or because of something.

In wake of'--在某些事情之後或因為某些事情。

Roy, tell us about this expression.

羅伊，告訴我們這個說法。

OK. So, 'in wake of':

好的。所以，"在追隨"。

now, it's commonly seen more naturally as 'in the wake of'.

現在，它通常被更自然地看作是 "in the wake of"。

So, it's I-N. Second word: T-H-E.

是以，它是I-N。第二個詞：T-H-E。

Third word: W-A-K-E. Fourth word: O-F.

第三個詞：W-A-K-E。第四個詞。O-F。

And that 'the' is more normally used.

而且，'the'是比較正常的用法。

However, as it's a headline, they have cut the 'the'...!

然而，由於這是一個頭條新聞，他們刪去了 "the"......!

And what it basically means is after or due to something —

它的基本意思是在某件事情之後或由於某件事情----。

so, as a consequence of something.

所以，作為某事的結果。

OK. So, the word I'm familiar with here is 'wake'.

好的。所以，我在這裡熟悉的詞是'喚醒'。

I 'wake up' in the morning. Now, I'm 'awake'.

我在早上'醒來'了。現在，我已經'醒'了。

Is this related? Does this link?

這有關係嗎？這有聯繫嗎？

Let's talk about that idea of 'waking up'.

讓我們談談 "覺醒 "這個概念。

Now, you 'wake up' after sleeping to start, sort of, a new day

現在，你在睡覺後 "醒來"，開始新的一天，有點像。

and it comes after the sleeping.

而且是在睡覺之後。

Now, in terms of being... of the expression,

現在，在被......的表達方面。

it basically means that it's coming after something and it relates to...

它基本上意味著它是在某件事情之後出現的，它與...

and it relates strongly to the idea of consequences.

而且它與後果的想法密切相關。

So, it's... when we talk of 'in the wake of' something

所以，這是......當我們談論 "在 "什麼之後的時候

we're, sort of, saying as a result of something.

我們，某種程度上，說作為一個結果的東西。

OK. Good description.

好的。好的描述。

Can we highlight it with an example?

我們可以用一個例子來強調它嗎？

I think we normally use 'in wake of' or 'in the wake of'

我認為我們通常使用 "in wake of "或 "in wake of"。

to talk about quite serious things, right?

談論相當嚴肅的事情，對嗎？

Yeah, we do. So, for example, the financial crisis:

是的，我們有。所以，比如說，金融危機。

'in the wake of' the financial crisis, a lot of companies...

金融危機發生後，很多公司...

they closed: they went bankrupt.

他們關閉了：他們破產了。

So, it's saying after the financial crisis — because of that —

a lot of companies closed.

很多公司關閉。

Another strong example, Roy.

另一個強有力的例子，羅伊。

So, basically 'in the wake of' —

是以，基本上是 "在"--

we don't really use it in everyday, normal conversation.

我們在日常的正常對話中並不真正使用它。

No, not really. We...

不，不是真的。我們...

we reserve it for more, kind of, serious matters,

我們把它保留給更多的，有點嚴肅的事情。

so in normal, everyday conversation,

是以，在正常的日常對話中。

you'd probably say something like 'as a result of' or 'because of'.

你可能會說 "由於 "或 "因為 "之類的話。

Wonderful. So, 'in the wake of' our discussion about the expression,

很好。所以，"在 "我們關於表達的討論之後。

let's get that summary slide up:

讓我們把那張摘要幻燈片拿出來。

OK. Roy, can you recap today's vocabulary for us please?

好的。羅伊，你能為我們回顧一下今天的詞彙嗎？

I sure can. We had 'baseless' — without evidence or facts.

我當然可以。我們有'無根據'--沒有證據或事實。

We had 'rip off' — copy or plagiarise something.

我們有 "rip off"--複製或剽竊的東西。

And we had 'in the wake of' — after or because of something.

我們有 "in the wake of"--在某些事情之後或因為某些事情。

Don't forget — if you want to test yourself on today's vocabulary,

不要忘記--如果你想測試自己今天的詞彙量。

we have a quiz at the website bbclearningenglish.com

我們在bbclearningenglish.com網站上有一個小測驗。

and of course we are all over social media.

當然，我們都在社交媒體上。

That's it from us today. Thanks for joining us and goodbye.

我們今天的節目到此結束。謝謝你加入我們，再見。

Bye.

再見。