An officer of the Archaeological Survey of India

is led by a Buddhist monk to an area believed to have

been a religious monument.

But under the mounds of dirt, archaeologists

find instead an ancient Indus Valley

city dating back to 2000 BC.

It is called Monhenjo-daro, or Mound of the Dead,

and it is one of the oldest civilizations

discovered in the world.

The city of Monhenjo-daro rivaled

the ancient civilizations in Egypt and Mesopotamia.

Archaeologists believe that over 35,000

people once occupied the city.

However, only 43 skeletons have been discovered at the site.

There are many theories surrounding

the mysterious disappearance of the Indus people

from Monhenjo-daro.

In 1977, British researcher David Davenport

discovered that part of the archaeological site

showed evidence of having been destroyed by an extremely

powerful explosion.

NARRATOR: In 2014, mineralogist Dr. Sam Iyengar

was able to obtain a piece of fused pottery

from Monhenjo-daro and put it through a series of tests.

When I did the elemental analysis,

it showed me that the Monhenjo-daro rock

contained mostly silicon, aluminum, with

some calcium and potassium.

So my thought was maybe it could be some type of a clay--

until I did the X-ray diffraction.

NARRATOR: X-ray diffraction is able to determine exactly

how a material was formed.

This is the pattern I got, and you

can see some crystalline peaks here

along with an amorphous hump, which

usually results from a glassy phase in the rock.

The composition is very similar to volcanic rock.

The only way the clay can be converted into something which

we saw is subjecting the clays to a very,

very high temperature.

I'm talking 4,000 to 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit.

That is not something an early civilization

can do intentionally.

It has to be something supernatural.

NARRATOR: Could this pottery sample,

which shows irrefutable evidence of having been subjected

to extreme heat, be definitive evidence that Monhenjo-daro

really was the site of some type of powerful explosion

in the ancient past?

David Davenport and other researchers

of India's ancient Vedic texts have suggested

that this is the case, and that Monhenjo-daro may in fact be

the kingdom of Lanka, a city whose destruction

is detailed in the Indian epic known as the Ramayana.

In the Ramayana, it is described that the god Vishnu decides

the leader of Lanka, a mortal named Ravana,

has grown too powerful.

Vishnu takes the human form of Rama

and does battle with Ravana, who has become like the gods

himself.

It was described as the sun turning

into 50 even more brighter suns with this incredible blast.

So some people have suggested that perhaps

at Monhenjo-daro, some type of a nuclear blast occurred.

Not only do we have a textual reference

to a possible nuclear blast, but we

also find physical evidence that show vitrification of stone.

And the only way that stone can be vitrified

is if it's exposed to extreme heat.

I happen to believe that mankind possessed

incredible technology, incredible knowledge,

and that they did things that we're doing right now.

And then something happened, and they had to literally

start all over again.

Whoever got involved said, uh-uh,

that's not going to happen.

Let's let them have knowledge, but not too much knowledge.

And I think that's probably what's happening here.

These extraterrestrials wouldn't want us to have access

to these advanced technologies and essentially become like

gods, but they may have a keen interest in, A,

following some sort of prime directive--

so they don't openly interfere with us so that

everybody knows they exist--

but B, also making sure that we don't destroy the planet.