That's rude.

這很不禮貌。

Not mine.

不是我的。

"Sweating is a good way to detox."

"出汗是排毒的好方法。"

May I have that one?

我可以要那個嗎？

Go for it.

去吧。

Ooh, this is a good one.

哦，這是個好問題。

"Smelly foods only affect your breath."

"發臭的食物只會影響你的呼吸。"

This is false.

這是假的。

Hi, I'm Dr. Michelle Henry.

你好，我是米歇爾-亨利博士。

I am a board-certified dermatologist

我是一名經委員會認證的皮膚科醫生

practicing in Manhattan, New York, and I'm the founder

我在紐約的曼哈頓執業，並且我是紐約大學的創始人。

of Skin & Aesthetic Surgery of Manhattan.

曼哈頓的皮膚和美容外科。

Hi, I'm Dr. Dhaval Bhanusali,

你好，我是達瓦爾-巴努薩利博士。

board-certified dermatologist here in New York City.

在紐約市，有董事會認證的皮膚科醫生。

And today we'll be debunking myths about body odor.

而今天我們將揭開關於體味的神話。

Dermatologists are the skin experts.

皮膚科醫生是皮膚專家。

So who knows more about sweat glands than us?

那麼，誰比我們更瞭解汗腺呢？

"Sweat is smelly."

"汗水是有味道的。"

So, this is not true.

所以，這是不正確的。

So, we actually have two types of sweat.

是以，我們實際上有兩種類型的汗水。

We have sweat that comes from our eccrine glands,

我們的汗水來自於我們的偏振腺。

and so those are the glands that are everywhere,

是以，這些是隨處可見的腺體。

and it helps us with thermoregulation.

並幫助我們進行體溫調節。

So it helps to cool us down when we're working out

是以，當我們鍛鍊時，它有助於為我們降溫

when we're getting too hot.

當我們變得太熱的時候。

And then we have apocrine glands.

然後我們就有了非分泌腺。

So those are sweat glands that we see in areas

是以，這些是我們在一些地區看到的汗腺。

like the underarms, the groin, the chest,

如腋下、腹股溝、胸部。

all of the areas that we sometimes

所有的領域，我們有時

associate with being smelly.

與發臭有關。

But the actual sweat from the apocrine glands

但真正的汗水來自於分泌腺。

does not smell.

沒有氣味。

Why does that area smell?

為什麼那個地方有味道？

It's the bacteria in those areas.

是這些地區的細菌。

So the bacteria in those areas

是以，這些地區的細菌

will use what the gland produces as food.

將使用腺體產生的東西作為食物。

And it's the byproduct of that

而它的副產品是

that actually smells stinky.

這實際上是臭氣熏天的。

That was the most beautiful description

這是最美麗的描述

of sweat I've ever heard in my life.

在我的生活中，我曾經聽到過汗水的聲音。

Thank you, I try.

謝謝你，我盡力了。

So, fun fact:

所以，有趣的事實。

There are thousands of types of bacteria

有數以千計的細菌類型

and fungus and yeast

和真菌和酵母

and things like that on your body.

和諸如此類的東西在你身上。

It's completely normal. It's part of our microbiome.

這是完全正常的。它是我們微生物組的一部分。

So, some quick tips to remember

是以，要記住一些快速提示

to help with the smelly odor.

以幫助消除臭味。

So, No. 1, it's OK to shower every day, I promise you.

所以，第1，每天洗澡是可以的，我向你保證。

No. 2 is eat a healthy diet.

第2條是吃健康的飲食。

You know, if your body is not producing at an optimal level,

你知道，如果你的身體沒有以最佳水準進行生產。

it will tell you, it will show you,

它將告訴你，它將向你展示。

and you will smell it. If anything becomes excessive,

而且你會聞到它。如果有什麼東西變得過分。

there are certain medical conditions that do cause it.

有一些醫療條件確實會導致這種情況。

It's OK to go check out and make sure.

沒關係，去看看，確定一下。

"Everyone's armpits stink."

"每個人的腋窩都很臭。"

That's rude.

這很不禮貌。

Not mine.

不是我的。

That is a myth. There's actually 2% of the population

那是一個神話。實際上有2%的人口

that has a special mutation.

有特殊突變的。

I believe it's the ABCC11 gene.

我相信這是ABCC11基因。

They don't have smelly odors.

他們沒有難聞的氣味。

So not everybody's armpits stink.

所以不是每個人的腋窩都很臭。

There are a lot of different treatments

有很多不同的治療方法

for treating "smelly armpits."

用於治療 "腋窩發臭"。

No. 1, showering.

第1，洗澡。

Using antibacterial soap is probably

使用抗菌肥皂可能是

the easiest hack for all of it.

最簡單的黑客攻擊，為所有的。

We have oral medications we can give,

我們有口服藥物，可以給予。

we can have prescription antiperspirants,

我們可以有處方止汗劑。

and we even use Botox.

我們甚至使用肉毒桿菌。

I know, I know, you're going to be thinking,

我知道，我知道，你一定會想。

"Botox? That's for the other stuff."

"肉毒桿菌？那是為其他東西準備的。"

You actually can use Botox

你實際上可以使用肉毒桿菌

to minimize the sweating in the area.

以儘量減少該地區的出汗。

It only lasts about three months or so,

它只持續了大約三個月左右。

so you have to kind of come in regularly,

所以你必須定期來。

but often our patients just do it

但往往我們的病人就是這樣做的

in the spring or summertime

在春天或夏天的時候

and then kind of do their own thing during the wintertime,

然後在冬季做他們自己的事情。

and usually they're fine.

而且通常他們都很好。

"Smelly feet mean bad hygiene."

"腳臭意味著不衛生"。

No, this is incorrect.

不，這是不正確的。

Smelly feet means smelly feet.

腳臭就是腳臭。

It doesn't mean bad hygiene.

這並不意味著衛生狀況不好。

We know that we're producing sweat everywhere

我們知道，我們到處都在製造汗水

and that sweat then becomes bacteria food.

而這些汗水則成為細菌的食物。

Well, the feet are a really unique area.

嗯，腳是一個真正獨特的區域。

It's one of the highest concentrations

這是最集中的地方之一

of sweat glands on the body.

身體上的汗腺。

And although there are more eccrine glands

而且儘管有更多的偏心腺

than the apocrine glands,

比起內分泌腺，它的作用更大。

it's still creating a moist environment.

它仍然在創造一個潮溼的環境。

It's the perfect breeding ground for bacteria and yeast.

它是細菌和酵母的完美滋生地。

And because our feet are often enclosed in shoes,

而且因為我們的腳經常被封閉在鞋子裡。

in dark areas, that's literally yeast food.

在黑暗地區，這簡直就是酵母的食物。

So this is why we see a lot of fungus

所以這就是為什麼我們看到很多真菌的原因

and a lot of yeast on the feet.

和大量的酵母在腳上。

And because of this, the feet are going to

也正因為如此，腳要

be a little bit more prone to having a smell.

是更容易有氣味的一點。

Agreed. And it's a very common thing.

同意。而且這是很常見的事情。

We see a lot of our athletes, gym rats,

我們看到我們的很多運動員，健身房裡的老鼠。

all those people in between.

所有這些人在兩者之間。

The one thing I tell my patients:

我告訴我的病人的一件事。

Always make sure you wash your feet when you shower.

淋浴時一定要確保洗腳。

Using antibacterial soap is actually a great idea.

使用抗菌肥皂實際上是一個好主意。

Just make sure everything is cleansed

只要確保所有的東西都被清洗乾淨

and you pat dry as quick as possible

儘可能快地拍幹

before you put on a pair of fresh socks.

在你穿上一雙新襪子之前。

Yes. Socks are important as well.

是的，襪子也很重要。

So wearing cotton socks that are absorptive

所以要穿吸水性強的棉襪

and they're going to kind of wick away

它們將被吸走。

that moisture from the feet, that helps a ton.

溼度來自於腳部，這有很大幫助。

"Your signature scent never changes."

"你的標誌性氣味從未改變。"

This is incorrect.

這是不正確的。

And so, just like we are dynamic beings,

是以，就像我們是動態的生命。

we're changing, our hormones are changing,

我們在改變，我們的荷爾蒙在改變。

our microenvironment's changing,

我們的微環境在變化。

our diets are changing,

我們的飲食正在發生變化。

and all of these things play a really critical role

而所有這些東西都發揮著真正的關鍵作用

in how we smell. You know?

在我們如何聞到。你知道嗎？

As we get older and our hormones change,

隨著我們年齡的增長和荷爾蒙的變化。

you know, we all know that teenage boys smell

你知道，我們都知道，十幾歲的男孩的氣味

a little bit different than they smelled when they were 6.

與他們6歲時的氣味有一點不同。

I kind of wish they could put those, like,

我有點希望他們能把這些，比如。

new-baby smells in a bottle.

新生兒的氣味在瓶子裡。

Oh, that would be amazing.

哦，那將是驚人的。

It's best smell ever.

這是有史以來最好的氣味。

That's my favorite smell.

這是我最喜歡的味道。

Remember, a baby's covered in amniotic fluid

請記住，嬰兒身上有羊水。

for months and months and months and months.

好幾個月，好幾個月，好幾個月。

So you have this certain scent

所以你有這種特定的氣味

that people equate to that new-baby smell.

人們將其等同於新生兒的氣味。

Also, as we get older,

另外，隨著我們年齡的增長。

our skin barriers tend to deteriorate a little bit

我們的皮膚屏障往往會有一點惡化

and there's more oxidation

而且有更多的氧化作用

of certain things on our skin itself.

某些東西對我們皮膚本身的影響。

So that "old-person smell," hate to say that,

是以，那種 "老人的味道"，討厭這樣說。

is actually due to changes in how our skin

實際上是由於我們皮膚的變化

is protected from the environment around us,

被保護在我們周圍的環境中。

and the oxidation of these certain chemical compounds

以及這些特定化學物質的氧化作用

can actually cause a specific scent.

實際上可以引起一種特定的氣味。

So next time you go visit your grandparents

所以下次你去看望你的祖父母時

and things like that, just keep that in mind.

和諸如此類的事情，只要記住這一點。

The more you've been around a certain smell,

你越是在某種氣味周圍。

the more you get used to it, right?

你就會越發習慣它，對嗎？

And so it's really when your body

是以，這真的是當你的身體

kind of hits up the shock system,

衝擊系統的一種打擊。

where you smell something you're not used to smelling,

在那裡你聞到了你不習慣聞到的東西。

that's when you kind of form an opinion about it.

這時你就會對它形成一種看法。

So just remember,

所以只要記住。

if there's something you don't necessarily agree with,

如果有一些你不一定同意的東西。

does not mean that it's incorrect.

並不意味著它是不正確的。

It's just your perception of that odor

這只是你對這種氣味的看法。

and everything kind of going around

和所有的事情都在進行

that really forms your opinion of it.

真正形成你對它的看法。

"Sweating is a good way to detox."

"出汗是排毒的好方法。"

May I have that one?

我可以要那個嗎？

Go for it.

去吧。

I don't like that.

我不喜歡這樣。

So, this is a huge myth.

是以，這是一個巨大的神話。

So, you know, our body is an amazing machine,

所以，你知道，我們的身體是一個神奇的機器。

and 99% of how we detox

和99%的排毒方式

is through our liver and our kidneys.

是通過我們的肝臟和腎臟。

And that's why it's really important

而這就是為什麼它真的很重要

to keep those organs very safe.

以保持這些器官非常安全。

That's how we get rid of all of the negative toxins

這就是我們擺脫所有負面毒素的方法

and byproducts in our bodies.

和我們體內的副產品。

Your body's job is to kind of maintain this equilibrium,

你的身體的工作就是要保持這種平衡。

keep this steady state.

保持這種穩定狀態。

And that's what the sweating does.

而這正是出汗的作用。

It helps you kind of keep this normalized temperature.

它幫助你保持這種正常化的溫度。

And so if you do go up too much,

是以，如果你確實漲得太多。

it's its way of bringing it back down.

這是它把它帶回來的方式。

And while I love a great sauna,

雖然我喜歡一個偉大的三溫暖。

it's amazing for my mental health,

它對我的心理健康很有幫助。

it's amazing for my relaxation,

它對我的放鬆很有幫助。

I know that when I go to a sauna,

我知道，當我去洗三溫暖的時候。

I'm not going there to detox.

我不是去那裡排毒。

So it's really important that we understand that.

是以，我們理解這一點真的很重要。

We have really effective ways to detox our body,

我們有真正有效的方法為我們的身體排毒。

and sweating is not one of them.

而出汗並不是其中之一。

How crazy are some of these,

其中有些是多麼瘋狂。

like, the marketing around some of these things?

比如，圍繞這些東西的營銷？

I mean, it's believable! Sometimes I have to ask myself,

我的意思是，它是可信的!有時我不得不問自己。

like, "I have to revisit my medical-school books!"

比如，"我必須重新審視我的醫學院的書！"

"You won't sweat if you put on deodorant."

"如果你塗上除臭劑，你就不會出汗。"

Hm.

嗯。

This is a myth.

這是個神話。

So, there is a big difference

是以，有一個很大的區別

between deodorant and antiperspirant.

在除臭劑和止汗劑之間。

Deodorant helps to mask the odor.

除臭劑有助於掩蓋臭味。

So it helps to reduce the smell.

所以它有助於減少氣味。

Antiperspirants will actually help to reduce sweating.

止汗劑實際上將有助於減少出汗。

They contain aluminum-based ingredients

它們含有鋁基成分

that will clog those pores, those glands,

這將堵塞這些毛孔，這些腺體。

and help to reduce sweating.

並有助於減少出汗。

One thing about natural deodorants is that sometimes

關於天然除臭劑的一件事是，有時

they can have a lot of salts and other ingredients

他們可以有很多的鹽和其他成分

that can be a little bit harsh on the skin.

這可能對皮膚有一點刺激。

So sometimes it's a little bit of trial and error

是以，有時需要一點點的試驗和錯誤。

to find the right natural deodorant for you.

以找到適合你的天然除臭劑。

Deodorants with ingredients like ceramides

含有神經酰胺等成分的除臭劑

to help to protect and fortify the skin barrier.

以幫助保護和鞏固皮膚屏障。

Deodorants with ingredients like vitamin B5,

含有維生素B5等成分的除臭劑。

which helps to soothe the skin and reduce inflammation.

這有助於舒緩皮膚和減少發炎。

Ingredients like coconut oil,

椰子油等成分。

which also can help to kind of soothe the skin.

這也可以幫助舒緩皮膚。

Use it for two weeks and decide if it's good for you or not.

使用兩個星期，決定是否對你有好處。

The idea becomes, once you find a good deodorant,

這個想法變成了，一旦你找到一個好的除臭劑。

stick to it. If you keep switching things up

堅持下去。如果你不斷地更換東西

and moving things, you're going to have

和移動的東西，你將有

more of an inclination for having a reaction

更傾向於有反應

or having some issue with tolerability.

或有一些耐受性的問題。

And here's a fun hack for you.

這裡有一個有趣的黑客技術給你。

If you're using an antiperspirant,

如果你正在使用止汗劑。

you can actually put it on at nighttime

你實際上可以在晚上穿上它

to get a better overall result

以獲得更好的整體效果

and less sweating throughout the course of your day.

並在你的一天中減少出汗。

Henry: At nighttime, our sweat glands are not as active,

亨利。在夜間，我們的汗腺沒有那麼活躍。

so that those aluminum-based ingredients

這樣，那些基於鋁的成分

can actually clog the pores a little bit better.

實際上可以更好地堵塞毛孔。

Put it on during the day when you're already active,

在白天你已經開始活動的時候穿上它。

then something's blocking them

那就有東西擋住了他們

and they can't really settle as well as they can at night.

而且他們不能像晚上那樣真正安頓好。

"Antiperspirant is dangerous."

"止汗劑很危險"。

So, what do you do when you hear all these people

那麼，當你聽到所有這些人的時候，你會怎麼做？

say that aluminum causes cancer

說鋁會導致癌症

and it's dangerous and all that kind of stuff?

和它的危險和所有這些東西？

Yes. So I give them a little science lesson.

是的，所以我給他們上了一堂小小的科學課。

So, the presence of an ingredient

是以，一種成分的存在

does not necessarily mean causation.

並不一定意味著因果關係。

For instance, during the winter months,

例如，在冬季的時候。

I start drinking tea. It makes me feel warm.

我開始喝茶。它使我感到溫暖。

I also tend to get colds in the winter months.

我在冬季也容易感冒。

Does that mean the warm tea caused my cold?

這是否意味著溫茶導致了我的感冒？

So the presence of something or the correlation

是以，某些東西的存在或相關的

does not always mean causation.

並不總是意味著因果關係。

So, what we see is that when we biopsy breast tissue,

是以，我們看到的是，當我們對乳腺組織進行活檢時。

breast tissue that's in the area around the underarm,

腋下週圍區域的乳腺組織。

which is a common area where we do see breast cancer,

這是我們看到乳腺癌的一個常見區域。

we will see aluminum there in that tissue.

我們將在該組織中看到鋁。

It's there because it's adjacent

它在那裡，因為它是鄰近的

to where we're using aluminum-containing ingredients.

到我們使用含鋁成分的地方。

However, currently we do not have data

然而，目前我們沒有數據

showing that it causes cancer.

表明它導致癌症。

And while many feel that they're uncomfortable with that,