That's actually not true.

這其實是不對的。

"If you have a hypoallergenic pet,

"如果你有一個低過敏性的寵物。

you won't have an allergic reaction."

你不會有過敏反應。"

Unfortunately, there is no such thing

不幸的是，沒有這樣的事情

as a hypoallergenic pet.

作為一種低過敏性的寵物。

"You can outgrow your seasonal allergies."

"你可以超越你的季節性過敏"。

So, there's no definite way

是以，沒有明確的方法

that you can outgrow your seasonal allergies.

你可以超越你的季節性過敏。

My name is Dr. Wei Wei Li.

我的名字是李偉偉博士。

I am a board-certified adult and pediatric

我是一名經委員會認證的成人和兒科醫生。

allergy immunology specialist.

過敏免疫學專家。

My name is Dr. Payel Gupta,

我的名字是Payel Gupta博士。

and I am also an adult and pediatric

而且我也是一名成人和兒科醫生

triple-board-certified allergy,

三板認證的過敏症。

asthma, and immunology doctor.

哮喘病和免疫學醫生。

And today we'll be debunking myths about allergies.

而今天我們將揭開關於過敏的神話。

"If you didn't have allergies as a kid,

"如果你小時候沒有過敏。

you won't get them as an adult."

你作為一個成年人不會得到它們。"

So, that's a myth.

所以，那是一個神話。

You can actually develop allergies

你實際上會產生過敏

at any point in your life.

在你生命中的任何時刻。

Especially now, with people moving to different locations.

特別是現在，隨著人們搬到不同的地方。

The change in climate, location,

氣候的變化，位置的變化。

or sometimes adopting a new pet

或者有時收養一隻新的寵物

can increase your risk for developing allergies.

會增加你患過敏症的風險。

Right. So it's any new exposure, essentially,

對。所以它是任何新的暴露，基本上。

can cause your system to start reacting

會導致你的系統開始出現反應

and develop an allergy.

並形成過敏症。

I've also had it the reverse.

我也有過相反的情況。

I've also had people who have lived

我也曾有過這樣的人，他們生活在

with cats and dogs while they were children,

在他們還是孩子的時候，與貓和狗在一起。

and then they decide to get a cat or a dog as an adult,

然後他們決定在成年後養一隻貓或一隻狗。

and they're now allergic.

而他們現在是過敏體質。

And so your immune system is constantly changing,

是以，你的免疫系統在不斷變化。

and so you can develop an allergy at any time.

是以，你在任何時候都可能發生過敏。

"You should only take allergy medication

"你應該只服用過敏藥物

once you feel symptoms."

一旦你感到有症狀。"

So, that is a myth.

所以，那是一個神話。

So, if you wait until your symptoms

是以，如果你等到你的症狀

get super intense and super severe,

變得超級激烈和超級嚴重。

then it'll be that much harder

那就更難了

to get those symptoms under control.

以使這些症狀得到控制。

So it's a good idea to start early.

所以儘早開始是個好主意。

Like, if you have pollen allergy in the spring,

比如，如果你在春天有花粉過敏症。

I usually say have the patient start premedicating

我通常會說讓病人開始預服藥物

with antihistamine, nasal spray, or eyedrops

使用抗組胺劑、鼻腔噴霧劑或眼藥水

before the season starts.

在賽季開始前。

I usually recommend as soon as they start seeing

我通常建議，一旦他們開始看到

even a little bit of the pollen that they're allergic to.

即使是一點點他們過敏的花粉。

Especially severe seasonal-allergy sufferers,

特別是嚴重的季節性過敏症患者。

we have them take them even two weeks in advance,

我們讓他們甚至提前兩個星期就拿出來。

just so they get used to taking them.

只是為了讓他們習慣於服用這些藥物。

The timing sometime can change from year to year,

時間有時會因年而異。

depending on the weather.

視天氣情況而定。

So you can use the timing from last year

所以你可以使用去年的時間

to make approximate guess

進行大致的猜測

to when you can start premedication.

到你什麼時候可以開始預科治療。

Gupta: Tree allergies are mostly a springtime allergen,

古普塔：樹木過敏大多是春季的過敏源。

grass allergies are for summer,

草過敏是夏天的事。

and weed allergies are in the fall.

和雜草過敏是在秋天。

So for people who have tree, grass, and weed,

所以對於有樹、有草、有雜草的人。

normally it would've been maybe from, like,

通常情況下，它可能已經從，如。

April until September that they might have had symptoms.

4月至9月，他們可能出現了症狀。

But now we're seeing even as early as February, actually.

但現在我們看到甚至早在2月，實際上。

So February, and then the weed allergen

是以，2月，然後是雜草的過敏源

kind of ending as late as October, November.

那種晚至10月、11月的結局。

And patients ask us, "Is it safe

而病人問我們："它是否安全

to take the medication every day?"

每天都吃藥嗎？"

I would say if you take the medication

我想說的是，如果你服藥

according to how we recommend it,

根據我們的建議。

it is safe and effective.

它是安全和有效的。

And it's important to know that

而重要的是，要知道

when you take your medication, such as a combination

當你服用藥物時，例如混合藥物

of oral antihistamine and nasal spray,

口服抗組胺藥和鼻腔噴霧劑。

together every day, it achieve a better efficacy

每天都在一起，就能達到更好的效果。

than taking it sporadically only when you have symptoms.

而不是在有症狀時才零星地服用。

"Flowers trigger seasonal allergies."

"花引發季節性過敏"。

That's actually not true.

這其實是不對的。

Pollens from flowering plants

開花植物的花粉

are not the main contributor to seasonal-allergy symptoms.

不是導致季節性過敏症狀的主要因素。

In order for pollen to cause allergic symptoms,

為了讓花粉引起過敏症狀。

they need to meet three criteria.

他們需要滿足三個標準。

They need to be small,

他們需要的是小的。

they need to be light,

他們需要的是光。

and they need to be dry to be carried by wind.

而且它們需要乾燥才能被風帶走。

Gupta: So the pollen in flowers is actually large,

古普塔：所以花中的花粉實際上是很大的。

and it's distributed by insects.

而它是由昆蟲分佈的。

And so that pollen is not in the air,

這樣，花粉就不會在空氣中出現。

which means that it doesn't get into our eyes and nose.

這意味著它不會進入我們的眼睛和鼻子。

However, for tree pollen, weed pollen, and grass pollen,

然而，對於樹木花粉、雜草花粉和草花粉。

because it's light

因為它是輕的

and because it travels in the air more easily,

而且因為它在空氣中更容易傳播。

then it can get into our eyes

然後它可以進入我們的眼睛

and nose and airways more easily.

和鼻子和呼吸道更容易。

And because it travels at least around 50 miles,

而且因為它的行程至少有50英里左右。

that means it might not be a tree in your backyard,

這意味著它可能不是你後院的一棵樹。

it might be a tree somewhere far away

可能是遠處的一棵樹

that you're reacting to.

你所反應的。

But I do hear that.

但我確實聽到了。

Every year a patient come in saying that,

每年都會有病人過來說這句話。

"This is the worst allergy symptom

"這是最糟糕的過敏症狀

that I have compared to the past."

我與過去相比，"。

So I think that has to do with a number of factors,

所以我認為這與一些因素有關。

such as climate change,

比如說氣候變化。

and also planting particular type of tree

還種植了特殊類型的樹木

in certain location can increase the symptoms.

在某些位置，可以增加症狀。

"Eating local honey can help cure seasonal allergies."

"吃在地蜂蜜可以幫助治療季節性過敏。"

That is a myth because local honey

這是個神話，因為在地蜂蜜

contains pollen collected by bees.

含有蜜蜂採集的花粉。

So those come from flowering plants.

是以，這些來自開花植物。

We mentioned before, pollen from flowering plants

我們之前提到，開花植物的花粉

are not major contributor to seasonal allergies.

不是導致季節性過敏的主要因素。

And also we don't have a lot of studies done

而且我們也沒有做很多的研究

on the effectiveness of local honey.

關於當地蜂蜜的有效性。

So we cannot know for sure how effective they are

所以我們不能確定它們的效果如何

in treating or helping to cure

在治療或幫助治療方面

your seasonal-allergy symptoms.

你的季節性過敏症狀。

But I love honey because I use that

但我喜歡蜂蜜，因為我用的是

to help with allergy symptoms

以幫助解決過敏症狀

such as itchy, scratchy throat.

如喉嚨發癢、搔癢。

So I have no problem recommending using honey

所以我沒有問題，建議使用蜂蜜

as a way to soothe your throat, your symptoms.

作為舒緩你的喉嚨、你的症狀的一種方式。

But I would not say it can cure seasonal allergies.

但我不會說它可以治癒季節性過敏。

She nailed it.

她釘住了它。

Hopefully I can do that every time.

希望我每次都能做到這一點。

"If you have a hypoallergenic pet,

"如果你有一個低過敏性的寵物。

you won't have an allergic reaction."

你不會有過敏反應。"

So, that's a myth.

所以，那是一個神話。

So, unfortunately, there is no such thing

是以，不幸的是，不存在這樣的事情

as a hypoallergenic pet.

作為一種低過敏性的寵物。

A lot of breeders will claim to have hypoallergenic pets,

很多飼養者會聲稱有低過敏性的寵物。

but unfortunately there is no

但不幸的是，沒有

100% animal without any dander.

100%的動物，沒有任何皮屑。

Li: The pet dander is

李：寵物皮屑是

the microscopic flecks of skin that the pet shed.

寵物脫落的微小的皮膚斑點。

So the same protein can be also found in their saliva.

是以，在他們的唾液中也可以發現相同的蛋白質。

So it's not the fur,

所以這不是毛皮的問題。

but rather the shedding of the skin, with their saliva.

而是用它們的唾液脫落皮膚。

It's important to know that even hairless dog can shed,

重要的是要知道，即使沒有毛的狗也會掉毛。

and that will contain some degree of allergens.

而這將包含一定程度的過敏原。

And so there might be certain breeds

是以，可能有某些品種

that people are less allergic to,

人們不太會對其過敏。

and that's all person-dependent.

而這都是因人而異的。

So, for example, I have a cat allergy,

是以，舉例來說，我對貓過敏。

but there's certain cats that I do totally fine around,

但有一些貓，我在它們身邊完全沒有問題。

and then there's other cats that

然後還有其他的貓咪

as soon as I walk into someone's home

一走進別人的家門

and they have that cat, I'll start reacting.

而他們有那隻貓，我就會開始有反應。

And so it is not just by touching

是以，它不僅僅是通過觸摸

or rubbing your face against the cat.

或用你的臉蹭貓。

The dander is airborne,

皮屑是通過空氣傳播的。

so that can get into your eyes and nose

這樣就可以進入你的眼睛和鼻子

and into your airways

並進入你的呼吸道

and start causing that IgE antibody to react

並開始引起IgE抗體的反應

and produce that histamine, which causes the symptoms.

併產生該組胺，從而導致症狀。

Frequent vacuuming is super important.

頻繁的吸塵是超級重要的。

Also air purifiers.

還有空氣淨化器。

And so for somebody that really wants a pet,

是以，對於真正想養寵物的人來說。

or, you know, usually it happens the other way around,

或者，你知道，通常情況下，會發生相反的情況。

is that they've already gotten a pet

是他們已經有了一個寵物

and they're not willing to get rid of it.

而且他們不願意擺脫它。

For those patients, then we usually do attempt

對於這些病人，那麼我們通常會嘗試

to do allergy immunotherapy

進行過敏性免疫治療

and see how well we can control their allergy symptoms.

並看看我們能多好地控制他們的過敏症狀。

We don't have a test to test

我們沒有一個測試來測試

for particular breeds. Li: We wish we had.

為特定的品種。李：我們希望我們有。

Yeah, we wish we did, because if we did

是的，我們希望我們有，因為如果我們有的話

we would have a huge, long line out the door

我們將有一個巨大的，長長的隊伍在門外。

of people wanting to get tested for particular breeds

希望接受特定品種測試的人的情況

that they might be able to have in their home.

他們可能會在家裡擁有的。

"Allergy shots don't work."

"打過敏針不起作用"。

So, allergy shots are immunotherapy,

所以，過敏針是免疫療法。

and allergy shots actually have a lot of data behind them,

和過敏針實際上有很多數據支持。

and they've been used for years and years.

而且它們已經被使用了很多年了。

And we know that they do reduce the,

而且我們知道，它們確實減少了。

not only the symptoms that people experience,

不僅僅是人們所經歷的症狀。

but also the medications that people are on.

但也是人們所服用的藥物。

And then there's also the

然後還有

allergy sublingual immunotherapy tablets

過敏症舌下免疫治療片

that are FDA approved.

是FDA準許的。

So there's two different options,

所以有兩種不同的選擇。

and I just always like to mention that,

而我只是一直喜歡提到這一點。

because some people are scared of shots.

因為有些人害怕打針。

I think there is this myth,

我認為有這樣一個神話。

because people will misunderstand

因為人們會誤解

allergy shots as medication.

過敏針作為藥物治療。

Allergy shots are not medications.

過敏針不是藥物。

They don't provide immediate symptomatic relief.

它們不能提供即時的症狀緩解。

But see them as a way

但把它們看作是一種方式

to naturally desensitize your allergens

讓你的過敏原自然脫敏

and to naturally develop tolerance.

並自然而然地發展容忍。

You will still have to take your allergy medication,

你仍然必須服用你的過敏藥物。

such as antihistamine or nasal spray,

如抗組胺藥或鼻腔噴霧。

at the beginning of allergy shots

在開始打過敏針的時候

to help you manage your allergy symptoms.

以幫助你管理你的過敏症狀。

But over the long term, allergy shots do work

但從長期來看，過敏針確實有效

to achieve that natural tolerance.

以實現這種自然寬容。

"You can outgrow your seasonal allergies."

"你可以超越你的季節性過敏"。

That is not true,

這不是真的。

because with your immune system changing,

因為隨著你的免疫系統的變化。

sometimes your symptom can get better or worse over time.

有時你的症狀會隨著時間的推移變得更好或更糟。

So there's no definite way

所以沒有明確的方法

that you can outgrow your seasonal allergies.

你可以超越你的季節性過敏。

Sometimes people might have moved

有時人們可能已經搬走了

from the West Coast to the East Coast,

從西海岸到東海岸。

and all of a sudden they don't have

突然間，他們就沒有了

those seasonal symptoms that they used to.

他們過去的那些季節性症狀。

So they might say that,

所以他們可能會這麼說。

"Oh, I outgrew my seasonal allergies,"

"哦，我已經擺脫了季節性過敏。"

but it's really that they moved

但實際上，他們的行動是

and that they're not exposed to the same pollens

而且，他們沒有接觸到相同的花粉

that they were when they were younger.

他們年輕時是這樣的。

The most frequent symptoms that we see

我們最常看到的症狀是

are symptoms of the eyes.

是眼睛的症狀。

For example, itchy, watery eyes.

例如，眼睛發癢、流淚。

The nose can get congested.

鼻子會充血。

You can have a runny nose, itchy nose.

你可以有流鼻涕，鼻子發癢。

You can have a sore throat from postnasal drip.

你可以因鼻後滴漏而出現喉嚨痛。

And you can also have coughing, wheezing,

而且你還可以有咳嗽、喘息。

shortness of breath if you have allergic asthma.

如果你有過敏性哮喘，會出現呼吸急促。

Currently the closest cure we have for seasonal allergies

目前，我們有最接近的治療季節性過敏的方法

is called allergy immunotherapy.

被稱為過敏免疫療法。

I think the important thing to remember with immunotherapy

我認為，對於免疫療法，最重要的是要記住

is that you have to be ready and committed for it.

是，你必須準備好並致力於此。

For allergy shots, you will need to go

如果要打過敏針，你需要去

into the allergist's office weekly

每週到過敏症醫生的辦公室就診

for six to nine months,

為期六至九個月。

and then it goes to monthly.

然後轉為每月一次。

And we would say that you should continue your therapy

我們會說，你應該繼續你的治療。

for at least three to five years for it to be effective.

至少三到五年後才會有效果。

And then for the sublingual immunotherapy tablets,

然後用於舌下免疫治療片。

it depends on which tablet you're going to start.

這取決於你要開始使用哪種平板電腦。

For dust mite immunotherapy tablets, for example,

以塵蟎免疫治療片為例。

you have to take it daily.

你必須每天服用它。

And we would also recommend that you take them daily

而且我們還建議你每天服用這些藥物。

for at least three to five years

至少三至五年的時間

in order to get the full benefit from them.

以便從他們那裡獲得充分的利益。

"You can cure your allergies."

"你可以治癒你的過敏症。"

So, we can't cure environmental

是以，我們無法治癒環境

or food allergies at this time.

或食物過敏在這個時候。

We've come pretty close to environmental allergies,

我們已經很接近環境過敏了。

but the reason is, is that we haven't figured out

但原因是，我們還沒有弄清楚

how to definitively change the immune system's reaction

如何明確地改變免疫系統的反應

to environmental allergens or to food allergens.

對環境過敏原或食物過敏原過敏。

Our environment doesn't stay the same all the time.

我們的環境並不是一直保持不變的。

So with new exposure in our environment,