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An atheist might assert, "All religious people are irrational," a sweeping generalization. However,
無神論者可能會斷言,“所有有宗教信仰的人都是非理性的”,這是一個籠統的概括。然而,
when presented with a counterexample, like a religious individual renowned for rational
當出現一個反例時,例如一個以理性
thinking, the atheist might retort, "Well, no truly religious person can be rational."
思維而聞名的宗教人士,無神論者可能會反駁說:“好吧,沒有一個真正的宗教人士是理性的。”
This response is a classic example of the No True Scotsman fallacy. Because he revises a universal
這種回應是「沒有真正的蘇格蘭人」謬論的典型例子。因為他
claim ('all religious people are irrational') in the face of a valid counterexample (a rational
在面對有效的反例(理性的宗教人士)時修改了普遍的主張(“所有宗教人士都是非理性的”)
religious person), rather than acknowledging the exception or reevaluating the original claim.
,而不是承認例外或重新評估原始主張。
By redefining the criteria for what constitutes a 'religious'' person to exclude anyone rational,
透過重新定義「宗教」人的構成標準來排除任何理性的人,
the atheist conveniently sidesteps a direct challenge to their belief.
無神論者很容易迴避對他們信仰的直接挑戰。
This tactic allows them to maintain their original assertion without engaging with contradictory
這種策略使他們能夠維持原來的主張,而不涉及相互矛盾的
evidence, thus avoiding a substantive discussion or reexamination of their stance.
證據,從而避免對其立場進行實質討論或重新審視。