Name: 天選之人才能開！為什麼普通人無法駕駛 F1 賽車？ (Why The Average Human Couldn't Drive An F1 Car | WIRED)
Uploaded: 2024-10-12T21:01:30.000Z
Duration: 7 min 46 s

So, in order to be a great Formula One driver,

所以，為了成為一個偉大的一級方程式賽車手，

you need to have the cognitive capabilities of a chess grandmaster,

你需要擁有象棋大師的認知能力，

the strength, stamina and reactions of a fighter,

and then you also have to have the endurance of a marathon runner.

然後你還必須擁有馬拉松選手的耐力。

It's these unique set of skills that would make it

pretty much impossible for an average human to drive an F1 car.

對於普通人來說，駕駛 F1 賽車幾乎是不可能的。

My name is Clayton Green and I used to be F1 performance coach to

我叫 Clayton Green ，我曾擔任 F1 績效教練

Sir Lewis Hamilton back in the 2010 season.

Lewis Hamilton  爵士重返 2010 賽季。

Here's a sketch of the Silverstone circuit that I put together.

Silverstone is a particularly unique Formula One Grand Prix.

銀石是一個特別獨特的一級方程式大獎賽。

It's one that the drivers find distinctly challenging.

這對駕駛員來說具有明顯的挑戰性。

It's a wonderful blend of high-speed corners and heavy braking zones

這是高速彎道和重煞車區的完美結合

and it thoroughly entertains both the crowd and the drivers when they're racing.

並且在比賽時它能給觀眾和車手帶來極大的樂趣。

So, Formula One drivers looking to get the quickest

因此，一級方程式賽車手希望獲得最快的

and best launch that they possibly can at the start of the race.

並在比賽開始時盡其所能地做出最好的發車。

The average reaction time for an F1 driver is normally around 200 milliseconds.

F1 賽車手的平均反應時間通常在 200 毫秒左右。

Sprinters like Usain Bolt are only a fraction quicker,

像 Usain Bolt 這樣的短跑選手只快一點點，

launching into a sprint roughly 160 milliseconds after the starting pistol.

發令槍響後約 160 毫秒開始衝刺。

But your typical human being like you and me,

we tend to be more around 500 to 600 milliseconds.

我們傾向於將這個時間控制在 500 到 600 毫秒左右。

F1 cars are so fast that just a 200-millisecond head start gives a driver a 10-metre lead.

F1 賽車速度極快，只要領先 200 毫秒，車手就能領先 10 米。

Mental composure and quick references are essential for avoiding horrific crashes,

保持心態冷靜和快速參考對於避免可怕的撞車事故至關重要，

which are all too easy in Silverstone's Hamilton Strait

在銀石漢密爾頓直道上，這太容易了

where drivers go full pelt before the first turn.

車手們在第一個彎道前全速前進。

This is the point one driver was hurled upside down over the safety barriers last year

去年，一名駕駛就是在這裡被拋出安全護欄的。

when another car swerved towards him from the left.

這時，另一輛車從左邊朝他駛來。

These are the kind of collisions you're constantly exposed to throughout Silverstone.

在銀石賽道上，你會不斷遇到這樣的碰撞。

And to avoid this, F1 drivers train up their reflexes by exercises like this,

為了避免這種情況，F1車手透過這樣的練習來訓練他們的反應能力，

where they tap off as many lights as possible in 30 seconds.

他們在 30 秒內關閉盡可能多的燈。

And F1 drivers are the best in the world at this exercise.

而 F1 賽車手是世界上最擅長這項運動的。

The current world record is held by British driver Jenson Button,

目前的世界紀錄由英國車手 Jenson Button 保持，

who was going so fast he was averaging two lights per second.

他的速度非常快，平均每秒發出兩束光。

Now, as our lap progresses, one of the bits that drivers most enjoy are the high-speed corners.

現在，隨著繞圈賽的進行，車手們最喜歡的賽段之一就是高速彎道。

And around Silverstone, we're looking at areas such as Maggots and Becketts,

在銀石賽道周圍，我們正在關注 Maggots 和 Becketts 等地區，

where you're carrying immense speed, probably going at the full speed of the car,

你的速度非常快，可能是汽車的最高速度，

but doing still some small but dramatic changes in direction.

但在方向上仍進行著一些細小但顯著的改變。

Traditionally, most of the Formula 1 circuits tend to go around in a clockwise direction.

傳統上，大多數一級方程式賽車的賽道都是按順時針方向環繞的。

If you're turning to the right, it means that the G-force is going to want to take your head off to the left.

如果你向右轉，這意味著重力會把你的頭向左偏。

You have a force of the equivalent of, like, 40 kilos hitting you in the back of the head

你的後腦勺受到相當於 40 公斤的衝擊力

that literally wants to take your head clean off your shoulders.

這簡直就是想把你的頭從肩膀上砍下來。

This kind of force would make it impossible for the average person to support their own head,

這種力量會讓一般人無法支撐自己的頭部，

causing them to lose sight of the track ahead and inevitably crash.

導致他們看不見前方的軌道並不可避免地發生撞車事故。

Lewis Hamilton and Fernando Alonso both have neck sizes of 18 inches.

Lewis Hamilton 和 Fernando Alonso 的頸圍均為 18 英寸。

That's compared to 15 inches for the average man.

相比之下，普通人的身高只有 15 英寸。

And this kind of neck strength prevents serious injury.

這種頸部力量可以防止嚴重受傷。

The pair had a near-fatal crash last year in the first lap of the Belgian Grand Prix,

去年，兩人在比利時大獎賽第一圈遭遇車禍，差點喪命。

with Lewis Hamilton's car experiencing an immense 45g of force.

Lewis Hamilton 的賽車受到了 45g 的巨大衝擊力。

Hamilton's neck would have been hurled in several unpredictable directions as his car flipped.

當賽車翻轉時，Hamilton 的脖子會被拋向幾個不可預測的方向。

This is the kind of collision that would give the average person at best severe whiplash and at worst a fatal break.

這種碰撞輕則會導致一般人嚴重頸部扭傷，嚴重則導致致命傷。

And it's comparable really only to things like fighter jets and fighter pilots,

它實際上只能與戰鬥機和戰鬥機飛行員相媲美，

and the kind of extreme manoeuvres that they would have to pull in their planes.

以及他們駕駛飛機必須進行哪些極端的操作。

Now, this is an example of a neck harness.

現在，這是頸部安全帶的一個例子。

You would have someone literally pulling a force against the driver's head,

你會感覺到有人用力撞擊司機的頭部，

and they have to tense up to stop their head from being moved.

他們必須緊張起來以防止頭部被移動。

So the neck musculature that the neck training is going to work on for the F1 driver,

因此，頸部訓練將針對 F1 車手的頸部肌肉進行鍛煉，

which are going to stop the head from being pulled forwards or sideways,

可以防止頭部被拉向前或向側面，

and they're going to really have to be very strong

and very adaptive to generate these forces quickly and change.

並且非常適應快速產生這些力量並發生變化。

Braking a normal car requires an easy right or left tap of the car,

煞車普通汽車只需要輕輕向右或向左輕敲，

Stopping a Formula 1 car requires you to stamp really hard on

停下一級方程式賽車需要你用力踩

the brake pedal and then just bleed the pressure off gradually.

踩下煞車踏板，然後逐漸釋放壓力。

you're essentially pushing against 100kg or 220lb again and again.

你實際上是在一次又一次地推著 100 公斤或 220 磅的重量。

the weight of a baby elephant hundreds of times over the course of 90 minutes.

在 90 分鐘內，大象的體重增加了數百倍。

You'd be using all the muscles in your quadriceps,

你會用到股四頭肌的所有肌肉，

in your hamstrings at the back of the thigh, your glutes, and also your calf muscles as well.

大腿後方的腿後肌、臀肌以及小腿肌。

Without leg strength, you'd simply be unable to brake the car,

如果沒有腿部力量，你就無法煞車，

flying off the track and over the safety barriers at the first sharp turn on the Silverstone circuit.

在銀石賽道的第一個急轉彎處飛出賽道並越過安全護欄。

There'll come a point, at least once in the race, possibly twice, when we need to change the tyres.

在比賽中，我們需要更換輪胎，至少一次，可能兩次。

And how do drivers pick up the fact they need to change tyres?

駕駛員如何發現需要更換輪胎？

They use their inner ear balance, or vestibular function, to sense when their tyres have lost grip.

它們利用內耳平衡或前庭功能來感知輪胎何時失去抓地力。

You might rely on your inner ear balance to sense when you're going up or down on a lift, for example.

例如，您可以依靠內耳平衡來感知電梯的上下。

Younger drivers, like Lando Norris, who practices on eSports steering wheels,

像 Lando Norris 這樣練習電競方向盤的年輕車手，

aren't as in tune with this as older drivers like Lewis Hamilton.

並不像 Lewis Hamilton 這樣的老車手那樣了解這一點。

Drivers such as Lewis Hamilton are particularly good at being able to pick up on those cues.

Lewis Hamilton 等車手尤其善於捕捉這些線索。

And they'll be able to take you around that in-lap as quickly as possible

and get you into your pit stop, even with pretty much zero grip left on those tyres.

並讓你進入維修站，即使輪胎的抓地力幾乎為零。

Without being able to sense the loss of your tyre grip,

在無法察覺輪胎抓地力喪失的情況下，

each lap becomes increasingly uncontrolled and dangerous.

每一圈都變得越來越不受控制和危險。

So the chances of your car swerving out of control and crashing

所以你的車失控並發生碰撞的可能性

before you even got to the pit stop are probably very high.

在你到達維修站之前，你的壓力可能已經非常高了。

As we get into the last quarter of the race, what starts to get you will be the temperature

當我們進入比賽的最後四分之一時，開始讓你感到不適的是氣溫

as it builds up in the body and the muscular and mental fatigue.

因為它會在體內積聚，導致肌肉和精神疲勞。

Formula One cockpit is quite a unique environment.

一級方程式賽車駕駛艙是一個相當獨特的環境。

Track temperature could easily be 50 degrees Celsius.

賽道溫度很容易達到 50 攝氏度。

The tyres, they tend to run at 100 degrees Celsius.

輪胎的溫度往往高達 100 攝氏度。

The front brakes are running at 1,000 degrees Celsius.

前制動器的溫度高達 1 000 攝氏度。

You've sweated so much at this point in time.

You could easily have lost 3% to 5% of your body weight.

您的體重很可能會減少 3% 至 5%。

Any losses of even 2% will start to have an impact on reaction times, decision making.

任何哪怕是 2% 的損失都會開始影響反應時間和決策制定。

Even those slight differences will make a big difference to

your overall lap time and how you finish the race.

你的整體單圈時間以及你如何完成比賽。

This is an example of one overall that a driver might wear.

這是駕駛員可能佩戴的一個整體示例。

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天選之人才能開！為什麼普通人無法駕駛 F1 賽車？ (Why The Average Human Couldn't Drive An F1 Car | WIRED)

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