How?

怎麼做到的？

They use a tax strategy known as buy, borrow, die.

他們使用的稅收策略被稱為「買、借、死」。

It's like the ultra-wealthy are living on another planet.

超級富豪們就像生活在另一個星球上。

Average people need income to pay for basics like housing and food.

普通人需要收入來支付住房和食品等基本生活費用。

But the ultra-wealthy don't.

但超級富豪不會。

They can just live on borrowed cash.

他們可以靠借錢過日子。

Step 1, buy.

第一步，購買。

The ultra-wealthy buy an asset or build a company or inherit a fortune.

超級富豪購買資產、建立公司或繼承財富。

As long as they don't sell, they own no taxes.

只要他們不賣，他們就不用納稅。

They keep their income as low as possible since every dollar they earn can be taxed.

他們的收入越低越好，因為他們賺到的每一美元都可能被徵稅。

Step 2, borrow.

第二步，借。

They borrow against their holdings and the bank gives them a really good deal.

他們以自己持有的資產為抵押進行借貸，銀行給了他們一筆非常划算的交易。

I'll loan you $10 million with only 3% interest.

我借給你1000萬美元，利息只有3%。

But if you take a $10 million salary from your company, you'll owe almost 37% to the IRS.

但如果你從公司領取 1,000 萬美元的薪水，你將欠國稅局近 37% 的稅款。

So the ultra-wealthy use loan money to fund their lifestyles.

超級富豪們用貸款來資助他們的生活方式。

That's how a billionaire can live the most luxurious life imaginable while reporting little to no taxable income.

這就是億萬富翁如何過上可以想象到的最奢華生活，卻幾乎不申報任何應稅收入的原因。

Step 3, die.

第三步，死亡。

When they die, these lucky few often use complicated trusts and philanthropic foundations to avoid the estate tax.

當他們去世時，這些少數幸運兒通常會利用複雜的信託和慈善基金會來規避遺產稅。

And their heirs can inherit stocks and other assets tax-free.

他們的繼承人可以免稅繼承股票和其他資產。

A new generation is ultra-wealthy and the cycle starts all over again.

新一代的超級富豪又開始了新一輪的循環。