A fresh trade war between the US and China has just kicked off.

中美之間的新一輪貿易戰剛剛拉開帷幕。

An hour and a half ago, the US went ahead with its promise of 10% tariffs on all Chinese goods headed to the US.

一個半小時前，美國繼續承諾對所有運往美國的中國商品徵收 10%的關稅。

China quickly responded and announced it's to do the same in a tit-for-tat spat that could impact the global economy.

中國迅速做出迴應，宣佈將採取同樣的行動，這場針鋒相對的爭吵可能會影響全球經濟。

China's finance ministry is saying the measures against US goods would take effect next Monday.

中國財政部表示，針對美國商品的措施將於下週一生效。

An extra 10% tax will be added to goods, including crude oil and agricultural machinery.

包括原油和農業機械在內的商品將被額外徵收 10%的稅。

Imports of coal and liquefied natural gas will be hit with 15% tariffs.

煤炭和液化天然氣的進口將被徵收 15%的關稅。

It's also saying it's filing a complaint with the World Trade

它還表示將向世界貿易組織（WTO）提出申訴。

Organization over the action from the US.

組織美國的行動。

In Asia, stock markets were riding high earlier today, with Hong Kong's Hang Seng opening up over 3% higher than Nikkei 225 in Tokyo was up more than 1.5%.

今天早些時候，亞洲股市高歌猛進，香港恆生指數開盤上漲超過 3%，東京日經 225 指數上漲超過 1.5%。

But since the announcement of new tariffs in the US and China, the markets are now muted.

但自從美國和中國宣佈徵收新的關稅後，市場就變得沉默了。

On Wall Street, heavy losses were clawed back on Monday as the news broke that 25% tariffs on Mexico are to be delayed for a month.

在華爾街，由於墨西哥 25% 的關稅將延後一個月的消息傳出，週一華爾街收復了重大損失。

Hours later, a similar deal was announced with Canada after President Trump spoke to Canada's Prime Minister

幾小時後，特朗普總統與加拿大總理通話後，宣佈與加拿大達成類似協議

Justin Trudeau.

賈斯汀-特魯多

And Canada agreed to ensure further security at its border.

加拿大同意進一步確保邊境安全。

Our North America business correspondent, Michelle Fleury, is in the town of Windsor, Ontario, in Canada.

本臺北美商業記者米歇爾-弗勒裡（Michelle Fleury）正在加拿大安大略省溫莎鎮採訪。

It's right by the US border, where she's been getting reaction to all these latest developments.

它就在美國邊境邊上，她一直在那裡瞭解所有這些最新進展的反應。

In response to the threat of tariffs, some Canadian liquor stores have pulled US brands from their shelves.

為了應對關稅威脅，一些加拿大酒類商店已經下架了美國品牌。

Tonight, they are being restocked.

今晚，它們將重新進貨。

The trade war averted for now.

貿易戰暫時得以避免。

But for some, the break may be permanent.

但對有些人來說，這種中斷可能是永久性的。

For me, a line's been crossed.

對我來說，已經越過了底線。

Monica Morelli cancelled subscriptions to Amazon and Netflix, two American companies, because of Trump's trade threats.

由於特朗普的貿易威脅，莫妮卡-莫雷利取消了亞馬遜和 Netflix 這兩家美國公司的訂閱。

She isn't planning to sign back up.

她不打算再報名了。

It's like the whims of someone who changes from day to day.

這就像一個人的奇思妙想，每天都在變化。

It's not acceptable.

這是不能接受的。

And for me, I think it's broken something.

而對我來說，我覺得它打破了一些東西。

I can't trust the US to be the ally anymore.

我再也不相信美國會成為盟友了。

At Laval, they make parts used in other goods.

在拉瓦爾，他們生產用於其他產品的部件。

They were bracing for the worst.

他們在做最壞的打算。

Around 80% of Canada's exports end up in America.

加拿大約 80% 的出口產品最終銷往美國。

Even with the delay, Laval president,

即使延遲了，拉瓦爾大學校長

Jonathan Azzopardi, said questions remain.

喬納森-阿佐帕爾迪說，問題依然存在。

The uncertainty is as bad as the tariffs.

不確定性和關稅一樣糟糕。

This company has been in business for over 50 years.

這家公司已經經營了 50 多年。

That 50 years of success came from both sides working together, creating relationships that took a very long time to create.

這 50 年的成功來自於雙方的共同努力，建立了長期的合作關係。

And now knowing that that relationship was as fragile as it is, and that one person's agenda can change that whole relationship and change the course of a business that's been around for half a century, hurts a lot.

現在知道這種關係是如此脆弱，一個人的議程就能改變整個關係，改變一個已經存在了半個世紀的企業的發展進程，這讓我很受傷。

Here in Windsor, Ontario, you can see the American city of Detroit just across the river.

在安大略省溫莎市，您可以看到河對岸的美國城市底特律。

Tonight, the feeling of betrayal by a neighbor replaced by a sense of relief.

今晚，被鄰居背叛的感覺被一種解脫感所取代。

But for how long?

但能持續多久呢？

Michelle Flurry, BBC News, Windsor, Ontario.

Michelle Flurry, BBC News, Windsor, Ontario.

Well, Canada's Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau, tweeted he had a good call with President Trump and will be implementing a $1.3 billion plan, reinforcing the border with new choppers, technology, and personnel, enhanced coordination with our American partners, and increased resources to stop the flow of fentanyl.

加拿大總理賈斯汀-特魯多（Justin Trudeau）在推特上表示，他與特朗普總統進行了一次很好的通話，並將實施一項價值13億美元的計劃，用新的直升機、技術和人員加強邊境，加強與美國合作伙伴的協調，並增加資源以阻止芬太尼的流動。

Nearly 10,000 frontline personnel are and will be working on protecting the border.

近 10,000 名前線人員正在並將繼續保護邊境。

Trudeau also said Canada would appoint a fentanyl czar, list cartels as terrorists, and launch a Canada-US joint strike force to combat organized crime, fentanyl, and money laundering.

特魯多還表示，加拿大將任命一名芬太尼沙皇，將販毒集團列為恐怖分子，並啟動加美聯合打擊部隊，以打擊有組織犯罪、芬太尼和洗錢活動。

Moshe Landa is Senior Lecturer of Economics at Concordia University.

Moshe Landa 是康考迪亞大學經濟學高級講師。

I asked him if Justin Trudeau has done enough to keep the threat of tariffs at bay.

我問他，賈斯汀-特魯多（Justin Trudeau）在遏制關稅威脅方面做得是否足夠。

Probably.

也許吧

When Trump was elected, he had texted out that the tariffs were coming unless Canada controlled fentanyl and immigrants crossing the northern border into the US.

特朗普當選時曾發文稱，除非加拿大控制芬太尼和越過北部邊境進入美國的移民，否則將徵收關稅。

I'm not entirely sure how big a problem those two things are or whether they're more imagined in Trump's mind.

我並不完全確定這兩件事有多大的問題，或者它們是否更多是特朗普心中的想象。

But given that there's now going to be much more enhanced border security to try and stop whatever fentanyl and immigrants are crossing, that was the precondition to make the tariffs go away.

但考慮到現在要加強邊境安全，試圖阻止芬太尼和移民越境，這是取消關稅的前提條件。

So we don't know in 30 days whether he's going to ask for something else or that's going to be the opening part of the negotiation.

是以，我們不知道 30 天后他是否會提出其他要求，或者這將是談判的開場部分。

But allegedly, what Trudeau offered today was what he wanted.

但據稱，特魯多今天提出的是他想要的。

In the meantime, Moshe, what are you hearing about how people are positioning themselves in the light of this potential conflict?

與此同時，摩西，你聽說人們在這場潛在衝突中是如何定位自己的？

Consumers are upset.

消費者感到不安。

They've started boycotts.

他們已經開始抵制。

I'm not sure how long the boycotts are going to last or how much they realize does, in fact, come from the US.

我不知道抵制活動會持續多久，也不知道他們意識到有多少產品確實來自美國。

But consumers don't like the thought.

但消費者並不喜歡這種想法。

And Canadians have a reputation for being kind, hard, and generous people.

加拿大人素以善良、勤勞和慷慨著稱。

But we can also be extremely proud and defensive when our country is under threat.

但是，當我們的國家受到威脅時，我們也會非常自豪和自衛。

Businesses, of course, are very concerned, too.

當然，企業也非常關注。

A lot of our natural resource-based industry is powering the US, literally and figuratively.

我們很多以自然資源為基礎的產業為美國提供了動力，無論是字面意義上還是形象意義上。

And so there have been threats that will turn out the lights in the US if they want to tariff us.

是以，有人威脅說，如果他們想向我們徵收關稅，就會熄滅美國的燈光。

I don't think that that's exactly the best strategy.

我不認為這是最佳策略。

But that just shows the degree to which Canadians are upset, that one man, as you played in an earlier clip, has the capacity to really wreck the Canadian economy.

但這恰恰說明了加拿大人的不滿程度，一個人，正如您在之前的片段中所播放的那樣，有能力真正破壞加拿大的經濟。

So that's the situation in Canada.

這就是加拿大的情況。

But what about China, where 10% tariffs have just been applied to Chinese exports to the US?

但中國呢？中國剛剛對出口到美國的產品徵收了 10%的關稅。

And China has just announced its following suit with a raft of tariffs to be applied to American goods.

而中國剛剛宣佈效仿美國，對美國商品徵收一系列關稅。

Dr. Harry Broadman is a trade expert with Rand Corporation and told me this is just the beginning.

哈里-布羅德曼博士是蘭德公司的貿易專家，他告訴我這僅僅是個開始。

It's just that the latest chapter in our relationship with China, I think, really epitomized by how Trump sees China as a mano-a-mano bargaining situation, just like, frankly, he did with Canada and Mexico.

我認為，特朗普將中國視為一個 "男人對男人 "的討價還價場合，就像他對加拿大和墨西哥一樣，這正是我們與中國關係最新一章的縮影。

And China is very smart.

中國非常聰明。

They've picked US exports that are very sensitive to US firms.

他們選擇了對美國公司非常敏感的美國出口產品。

And you can be sure that those firms are giving an earful to Mr. Trump right now.

可以肯定的是，這些公司現在正對特朗普先生耳提面命。

Yeah, it'd be interesting to see how this plays out.

是啊，看看結果會很有趣。

President Trump is saying he's going to speak to President Xi later this week.

特朗普總統說，他將在本週晚些時候與習主席通話。

He had phone calls with Claudia Scheinbaum yesterday and Justin Trudeau of Canada.

他昨天與克勞迪婭-舍恩鮑姆（Claudia Scheinbaum）和加拿大的賈斯汀-特魯多（Justin Trudeau）通了電話。

That seemed to lead to a good result.

這似乎帶來了一個好結果。

Could we see the same for China?

中國是否也會如此？

Sure, and I believe that Xi is expecting that, because now the cat is out of the bag that this is how Trump wants to use tariffs, as a beginning, perhaps, of a discussion.

當然，我相信習近平也在期待著這一點，因為現在事情已經水落石出，特朗普就是想利用關稅作為討論的開端。

It's quite extraordinary.

這真是非同尋常。

If you're in a real serious trade war, you're not expecting to then get on the phone with the head of state just after you've imposed something.

如果你正處於一場真正嚴重的貿易戰中，你就不會指望在強加了一些東西之後就能與國家元首通電話。

So I think this is quite orchestrated by the way that Trump sees the world and what he wants to use as a bargaining chip.

是以，我認為這是特朗普精心策劃的，是他眼中的世界以及他想用作談判籌碼的東西。

And what's also extraordinary is some of the items that are coming up in the trade war are not necessarily economic merchandise items, but other things like the border.

同樣非同尋常的是，貿易戰中出現的一些項目並不一定是經濟商品項目，而是邊境等其他問題。

And so it's as if that Trump sees tariffs as his only tool in the toolkit to try to change our policy with respect to other countries.

是以，特朗普似乎將關稅視為他試圖改變我們對其他國家政策的唯一工具。

With Canada and Mexico, some might argue it was quite simple to promise to President Trump what he wanted, i.e.

對於加拿大和墨西哥，有些人可能會說，向特朗普總統承諾他想要的東西非常簡單，即

much more security at the border, many more measures to prevent fentanyl crossing across, et cetera, et cetera.

在邊境加強安保，採取更多措施防止芬太尼過境，等等等等。

With China, it's not so simple, is it?

對中國來說，事情沒那麼簡單，不是嗎？

Absolutely not.

絕對不行。

I mean, our supply chains, as everyone knows with China, are quite sophisticated and quite complex in terms of both up and down the supply chain.

我的意思是，眾所周知，中國的供應鏈上下游都相當複雜。

So I think this is not just a question of fixing a border or dealing with a drug problem.

是以，我認為這不僅僅是一個解決邊界問題或處理毒品問題的問題。

Not that those are insignificant, but you have a network of factories and supply chains, ships, trucks, consumers, workers.

這並不是說這些微不足道，而是說你有一個由工廠和供應鏈、輪船、卡車、消費者、工人組成的網絡。

Everybody is affected when you have the two largest economies of the world beginning a trade war.

當世界上最大的兩個經濟體開始貿易戰時，每個人都會受到影響。

Now, whether this trade war actually turns out to be a trade war, and Xi and Trump speak on the phone, which is already planned, who knows?

現在，這場貿易戰是否真的會變成一場貿易戰，習近平和特朗普是否會通電話（這已經是計劃中的事），誰知道呢？

Maybe in the next day or two, Xi will say something that will satisfy Trump.

也許在接下來的一兩天裡，習近平會說一些讓特朗普滿意的話。

I don't think so, but I think that's the theatrics that is going on in the background here.

我不這麼認為，但我認為這就是這裡的背景。

And it really undercuts, I think,

我認為，這確實是一種低估、

Trump's strategy to try to be a strong man relative to other countries around the world using tariffs.

相對於世界上其他國家，特朗普的策略是利用關稅試圖成為一個強者。

Dr. Harry Broadman there, who was a former US Assistant Trade

哈里-布羅德曼博士，曾任美國助理貿

Representative and Chief of Staff in the US Presidents

美國總統代表兼辦公廳主任

Council of Economic Advisers.

經濟顧問委員會。

So interesting to get his take on things.

瞭解他對事情的看法很有意思。

Let's now get an expert view on the market reaction.

現在讓我們聽聽專家對市場反應的看法。

So it's proving to be another roller coaster ride for traders today.

是以，對於交易員來說，今天又是一次雲霄飛車之旅。

As I mentioned earlier, in Asia, shares in Hong Kong were rallying.

正如我之前提到的，在亞洲，香港股市正在反彈。

They opened up over 3%.

開盤價超過 3%。

That was also the case in Japan and other markets in Asia.

日本和亞洲其他市場的情況也是如此。

But now investors are wary again with the trade spat between the US and China gathering speed.

但現在，隨著中美貿易摩擦的加速，投資者又開始警惕起來。

Russ Mould is Investment Director at AJ Bell and shared with me his view.

Russ Mould 是 AJ Bell 的投資總監，他與我分享了他的觀點。

Interesting to see that those rallies we saw in Asia this morning didn't get back all of the ground they lost yesterday, because there's still the 30-day option for Trump to bring tariffs back on Canada and Mexico.

有趣的是，今天上午我們在亞洲看到的反彈並沒有收復昨天的失地，因為特朗普仍有 30 天的時間對加拿大和墨西哥重新徵收關稅。

There were the new tariffs on China, which have now come in.

對中國徵收的新關稅現已生效。

And there were the old ones, which is still there.

還有舊的，現在還在。

And there's still a source of conflict between the two.

而這兩者之間仍然存在衝突。

And now we have the additional complication of China raising the stakes.

現在，我們又多了一個複雜因素，那就是中國提高了賭注。

Now we'll see what comes out of those talks.

我們將拭目以待會談的結果。

Reluctantly looking at President Trump's XFeed, he seems to be linking a trade deal with China to what happens with TikTok in particular.

不情願地看了看特朗普總統的 XFeed，他似乎把與中國的貿易協議與 TikTok 的情況特別聯繫在了一起。

Well, I was just going to say, actually, it's been really interesting in Hong Kong.

我想說的是，香港的情況真的很有趣。

The big winners today are all the tech stocks.

今天的大贏家是所有科技股。

There's conversations about the future of TikTok is likely to be revealed soon, that negotiations are ongoing.

關於 TikTok 未來的對話可能很快就會揭曉，談判正在進行中。

It's, as I said to Harry Broadman, it's such a complicated relationship, isn't it, between the US-China on so many levels.

正如我對哈里-布羅德曼（Harry Broadman）所說，中美之間的關係非常複雜，不是嗎？

Yeah, I mean, the customs duties that America generates overall are now more than double where they were eight years ago when President Trump introduced his first tariffs on Chinese goods, such as washing machines, steel, and aluminium.

是的，我的意思是，現在美國產生的關稅總額是八年前特朗普總統首次對洗衣機、鋼鐵和鋁等中國商品徵收關稅時的兩倍多。

And the Biden administration didn't remove those, and it actually added to them.

拜登政府不僅沒有消除這些問題，反而變本加厲。

So the tensions have been going on now for eight years, and they haven't come down.

是以，緊張局勢已經持續了八年，但仍未緩解。

Technology, national security, intellectual property are all very, very hot issues between the two nations.

技術、國家安全、知識產權都是兩國之間非常、非常熱門的話題。

And whether one phone call can resolve them or not is difficult to tell, but it seems unlikely.

而一個電話是否能解決這些問題還很難說，但似乎不太可能。

It will be interesting to see what happens after the conversation between President

讓我們拭目以待，看看總統和總統夫人之間的對話之後會發生什麼。

Trump and President Xi, which we're told will happen sometime this week.

據悉，特朗普和習主席的會晤將於本週某個時候舉行。

But from China's perspective, its economy is in a tough spot, has been, really, since the pandemic.

但從中國的角度來看，中國的經濟正處於一個艱難的境地，實際上，自大流行病以來就一直如此。

The growth is not kicking in.

增長沒有啟動。

There's all sorts of issues impacting the Chinese economy.

有各種各樣的問題影響著中國經濟。

This couldn't come at a worse time, could it?

來得太不是時候了，不是嗎？

No, you could argue from President Trump's perspective, his arguments, therefore, are the ideal time to have it, in that China's economy, as you say, is struggling.

不，你可以從特朗普總統的角度來論證，是以，他的論點是最理想的時機，因為正如你所說，中國經濟正處於掙扎之中。

It's coming out of a real estate bust.

它正處於房地產蕭條期。

Its infrastructure and domestic spending model is struggling to take up the load.

其基礎設施和國內支出模式正在努力承擔起這一重任。

And its other economic engine has been exports to the world, which America is now trying to hem in.

它的另一個經濟引擎是對世界的出口，而美國現在正試圖遏制它。

So from a US perspective, it's a good time to apply pressure.

是以，從美國的角度來看，現在正是施壓的好時機。

From a Chinese perspective, as you say, it's a very, very difficult one for them as they try and get domestic consumption going.

從中國的角度來看，正如你所說，這對他們來說是一個非常、非常困難的問題，因為他們正試圖拉動國內消費。

Russ Mulder from AJ Bell.

來自 AJ Bell 的 Russ Mulder。

Well, let's stay with the China-US relationship.

好吧，讓我們繼續討論中美關係。

China says it is to probe the US tech giant Google over violations of anti-monopoly laws.

中國稱將調查美國科技巨頭谷歌違反反壟斷法的行為。

Beijing's state administration for market regulation is saying the US tech giant was, and this is a quote, suspected of violating the anti-monopoly law of the People's Republic of China.

北京國家市場監管總局稱，這家美國科技巨頭涉嫌違反《中華人民共和國反壟斷法》。

Let's go to our Asia business hub.

讓我們進入亞洲業務中心。

Mariko Oi is there with the details.

大井麻裡子在現場介紹細節。

What can you tell us, Mariko?

你能告訴我們什麼，丸子？

Well, Sally, as you said, the announcement came just as Beijing announced those retaliatory tariffs.

莎莉，正如你所說的，這一聲明是在中國政府宣佈報復性關稅的同時發佈的。

Shortly after that deadline passed, four US tariffs on China passed.

在最後期限過後不久，美國對中國徵收的四項關稅獲得通過。

Of course, Google's search services in China have been blocked since 2010.

當然，谷歌在中國的搜索服務自 2010 年起就被封鎖了。

So many started asking what is actually the target, what kind of business activities are still taking place in China by Google.

於是很多人開始追問，谷歌的目標究竟是什麼，谷歌在中國還在進行什麼樣的商業活動。

For example, its Android operating system reportedly has more than half the smartphone market use by companies like Xiaomi, Envivo, and OPPO.

例如，據報道，其安卓作業系統在小米、Envivo 和 OPPO 等公司的智能手機市場上佔據了一半以上的份額。

So it's still quite a big business for Google.

是以，對谷歌來說，這仍然是一項相當大的業務。

Also, Google still provides apps and games to the Chinese market through partnership with local developers.

此外，谷歌仍通過與在地開發商合作，向中國市場提供應用程序和遊戲。

So those are the business activities that are targeted by this investigation.

是以，這些就是本次調查所針對的商業活動。

But many analysts, as you've just been talking to your guests about it, have been saying that these announcements appear rather symbolic because even some of the products that China imports from the United States that have been hit by these retaliatory tariffs, for example, crude oil, China doesn't import much of it from the United States.

但是，許多分析人士，正如你剛才與嘉賓們談論的那樣，一直在說這些聲明似乎頗具象徵意義，因為即使是中國從美國進口的一些產品，也受到了這些報復性關稅的打擊，例如原油，中國從美國進口的原油並不多。

So all these announcements, while, of course, are very big and sending a clear signal to Washington about Beijing's expression of response to those tariffs, it does seem rather symbolic.

是以，所有這些聲明當然都是非常重大的，並向華盛頓發出了一個明確的信號，表明中國政府對這些關稅的迴應，但這似乎只是象徵性的。

And it seems like quite a similar story when it comes to this Google's case as well.

在谷歌的這個案例中，情況似乎也很相似。

OK, Mariko, for now, thank you.

好了，丸子，謝謝你。

Around the world and across the UK, this is BBC News.

在世界各地和英國各地，這裡是 BBC 新聞。