Learning English from the News, our podcast about the news headlines.

從新聞中學習英語，這是我們關於新聞標題的播客。

In this programme, is vaping as bad as smoking cigarettes? A new study suggests it might be.

在本節目中，吸食電子煙是否和吸菸一樣糟糕？一項新的研究表明可能是這樣。

Hello. I'm Beth.

你好，我是貝絲我是貝絲

And I'm Neil.

我是尼爾

In this programme, we look at one big news story and the vocabulary in the headlines that will help you understand it.

在本節目中，我們將介紹一則重大新聞，以及有助於您理解新聞的標題詞彙。

You can find all the vocabulary and headlines from this episode as well as a worksheet on our website bbclearningenglish.com.

您可以在我們的網站 bbclearningenglish.com 上找到本集的所有詞彙和標題以及工作表。

So let's hear more about this story.

讓我們來聽聽這個故事。

Information from a new study by

來自

Manchester Metropolitan University, which will be published soon, has found that e-cigarettes and vapes are just as bad for health as cigarettes.

曼徹斯特城市大學即將發表的一項研究發現，電子煙和吸管與香菸一樣有害健康。

Researchers gave volunteers fitness tests which measured things like blood flow to their brains.

研究人員對志願者進行體能測試，測量他們大腦的血流量等。

Results show that long-term users of vapes and e-cigarettes are equally at risk of dementia, heart disease and organ failure as regular cigarette smokers.

研究結果表明，長期吸食蒸汽和電子煙的人與經常吸菸的人一樣，都有患痴呆症、心臟病和器官衰竭的風險。

This is because of damage to artery walls and reduced blood flow.

這是因為動脈壁受損，血流量減少。

Let's have our first headline.

讓我們有第一個標題。

This is from The Mail Online.

本文來自《在線郵報》。

Vaping more dangerous than smoking.

吸食電子煙比吸菸更危險

Bombshell first-of-its-kind study reveals it raises risk of three deadly diseases.

首項爆炸性研究顯示，它會增加罹患三種致命疾病的風險。

And that headline again from The Mail Online.

這又是英國《在線郵報》的標題。

So this headline is about the results of this study on vaping.

所以這個標題是關於這項關於吸食大麻的研究結果的。

Vaping is inhaling an e-liquid that contains nicotine and often has different flavours.

Vaping 就是吸入含有尼古丁的電子液體，通常有不同的味道。

We're interested though in the word bombshell from this headline, which sounds very dramatic, Beth.

我們對標題中的 "重磅炸彈 "一詞很感興趣，這聽起來非常戲劇化，貝絲。

What does it mean?

這意味著什麼？

Well, it is dramatic.

嗯，很有戲劇性。

So if you think about a literal bomb, it blows things up, causes an explosion and it's not usually something good.

所以，如果你想想字面意義上的炸彈，它會炸燬東西，引起爆炸，而且通常不是什麼好事。

Now here bombshell is used metaphorically and it means sudden, shocking and often bad news.

這裡的 "重磅炸彈"（bombshell）是一個比喻，意思是突然的、令人震驚的、通常是壞消息。

This report is a bombshell for people who vape, according to this headline.

根據這個標題，這份報告對於吸食者來說是一個重磅炸彈。

Now bombshell is commonly seen as a noun but in this headline it's used as an adjective, a bombshell study.

現在，"重磅炸彈 "通常被視為名詞，但在這個標題中，它被用作形容詞，即 "重磅炸彈研究"。

So it means the study has revealed bad news.

這意味著研究揭示了一個壞消息。

Yes, and that's bad news for people who vape because the study revealed that vaping increases the risk of three diseases.

是的，這對吸菸者來說是個壞消息，因為研究顯示，吸菸會增加三種疾病的風險。

You'll often hear the word bombshell used in the news.

你經常會在新聞中聽到 "重磅炸彈 "這個詞。

For example, you might see a headline such as celebrity reveals secrets in bombshell interview.

例如，您可能會看到這樣的標題：名人在爆炸性採訪中揭露祕密。

It means something really shocking is about to come out.

這意味著即將有令人震驚的事情發生。

And note that we often use the noun bombshell with the verb drop.

請注意，我們經常將名詞 bombshell 與動詞 drop 搭配使用。

For example, I could say my sister dropped a bombshell last night.

例如，我可以說我姐姐昨晚扔下了一個重磅炸彈。

She told us she's lost her job.

她告訴我們她失業了。

We've had bombshell describes sudden, often bad news.

我們曾有過爆炸性的、突如其來的、往往是壞消息的描述。

For example, the company's bombshell email announced huge job losses.

例如，該公司的爆炸性電子郵件宣佈了鉅額裁員。

This is Learning English from the News, our podcast about the news headlines.

這裡是 "從新聞中學習英語"，我們的播客介紹新聞標題。

Today we're talking about a new study into the health effects of vaping.

今天我們要討論的是一項關於吸菸對健康影響的新研究。

Fifty-three percent of current vapers in the UK, that's around three million people, used to smoke cigarettes.

目前英國有 53% 的吸食者（約 300 萬人）曾經吸食香菸。

Many people have moved to vaping because they believe it's less harmful than smoking.

許多人轉而使用電子煙，因為他們認為電子煙比吸菸危害小。

The UK's National Health Service says that inhaling nicotine vapour from e-cigarettes is substantially less harmful than smoking.

英國國家衛生服務局表示，吸入電子煙中的尼古丁蒸汽比吸菸的危害要小得多。

This new study questions this.

這項新研究對此提出了質疑。

And that's what our next headline is about.

這就是我們下一個標題的內容。

From the Daily Star,

摘自《每日星報》、

Deadly side of vaping revealed as bombshell study blows initial theory out the water.

吸食毒品的致命一面被揭露，重磅研究將最初的理論推翻。

And that headline again from the Daily Star,

又是《每日星報》的標題、

Deadly side of vaping revealed as bombshell study blows initial theory out the water.

吸食毒品的致命一面被揭露，重磅研究將最初的理論推翻。

So firstly, we can see that word bombshell used again in this headline to describe the study.

首先，我們可以看到標題中再次使用了 "重磅炸彈 "一詞來描述這項研究。

It says this study blows initial theory out the water.

它說，這項研究顛覆了最初的理論。

Blow out the water is what we're talking about and it's a very interesting phrase.

我們說的是 "把水吹出來"，這是一個非常有趣的短語。

What does it mean, Beth?

這是什麼意思，貝絲？

Well, this is another expression that is dramatic and related to explosions.

這是另一種戲劇性的表達方式，與爆炸有關。

So imagine a bomb hitting a boat.

想象一下，一枚炸彈擊中了一艘船。

The boat will be blown out the water, completely destroyed.

船會被吹出水面，徹底毀壞。

And we can use this literal meaning to help understand the metaphorical meaning.

我們可以利用這個字面意思來幫助理解隱喻的含義。

Yes, so if you blow something out the water, you completely destroy or defeat it.

是的，如果你把某樣東西炸飛，你就徹底摧毀或打敗了它。

The headline says this study blows initial theory out the water.

標題說，這項研究將最初的理論推翻了。

And the initial theory they're referring to in the headline is that vaping is not as harmful as smoking.

而他們在標題中提到的最初理論是，吸食電子煙並不像吸菸那樣有害。

But this new study destroys this theory.

但這項新研究卻推翻了這一理論。

That's according to this headline.

這個標題是這麼說的。

It blows it out the water.

它讓人大跌眼鏡。

So how else can we use this phrase?

那麼，我們還能如何使用這句話呢？

Well, imagine a court case.

那麼，想象一下法庭案件吧。

Maybe some new evidence shows that the defendant is obviously guilty, so it blows his defence out the water.

也許一些新的證據表明被告明顯有罪，從而使他的辯護不攻自破。

He's going to be found guilty.

他會被判有罪的

Or in sport, if you beat a record by a long way, you've run a minute faster than anyone has before, you could say the previous record was blown out the water.

或者在體育運動中，如果你遠遠地打破了一項紀錄，你比以前任何人都跑快了一分鐘，你就可以說以前的紀錄被打破了。

We've had blow something out the water, destroy something completely.

我們曾經把一些東西炸飛，把一些東西徹底摧毀。

For example, she jumped 30 centimetres higher than anyone ever has.

例如，她跳得比任何人都高 30 釐米。

It blew the record out the water.

它打破了記錄。

This is Learning English from the News, our podcast about the news headlines.

這裡是 "從新聞中學習英語"，我們的播客介紹新聞標題。

Today we're discussing vaping.

今天我們要討論的是吸食大麻。

So far we've been talking about a study which will be published in March and that is on adults vaping.

到目前為止，我們一直在討論一項將於三月份發表的研究，該研究是關於成人吸食電子煙的。

But now a new UK research project is coming.

但現在，英國的一個新研究項目即將啟動。

It will investigate long-term health effects of vaping on young people's health and wellbeing.

它將調查吸食毒品對青少年健康和幸福的長期影響。

The research will track the health of 100,000 young people aged 8 to 18 over 10 years.

這項研究將在 10 年內跟蹤 10 萬名 8 至 18 歲青少年的健康狀況。

Last year, British National Health Service research found that a quarter of 11 to 15-year-olds have tried vaping and nearly 1 in 10 vape often.

去年，英國國家衛生服務研究發現，四分之一的 11 至 15 歲青少年嘗試過吸食電子煙，近十分之一的青少年經常吸食電子煙。

And there was a press release on this new study from the UK government.

英國政府就這項新研究發佈了新聞稿。

So this is from gov.uk, 10-year study to shed light on youth vaping.

這是英國政府為了解青少年吸菸情況而開展的一項為期 10 年的研究。

And that headline again from gov.uk, 10-year study to shed light on youth vaping.

英國政府的頭條新聞又是 "10 年研究揭示青少年吸菸問題"。

So this headline is about another study, but this one is about vaping and young people.

所以，這個標題是關於另一項研究的，但這項研究是關於吸食大麻和年輕人的。

We're looking at the expression shed light on.

我們看的是 "照亮 "一詞。

Now shed is a word which has lots of meanings, but here it simply means put or throw light onto something.

現在，"棚"（shed）這個詞有很多含義，但在這裡，它的意思很簡單，就是把光線投射到某物上。

And shed light on something is a fixed metaphorical expression.

而 "照亮 "是一個固定的比喻說法。

Yeah, so literally if it's dark and you shine a light, then you can see what's in front of you.

是的，所以從字面上來說，如果一片漆黑，你用燈光照亮，那麼你就能看到你面前的東西。

Something is revealed by the light.

光亮揭示了一些東西。

And metaphorically, when you shed light on something, it has that same sense of something being revealed.

比喻說，當你揭示某件事情時，它也有同樣的揭示意義。

Shedding light on something reveals new information.

揭示事物的真相會帶來新的資訊。

So in the headline, that new information that's being revealed is on vaping and young people's health.

是以，在標題中，透露的新資訊是關於吸菸和年輕人的健康。

Shed light on is used to talk about serious things.

Shed light on 用於談論嚴肅的事情。

So you'll hear it on the news, for example, and it's also used in academic writing.

是以，你會在新聞中聽到它，例如，在學術寫作中也會用到它。

Yes, so studies like this often shed light on something because their whole purpose is to reveal new information.

是的，這樣的研究往往能揭示一些問題，因為它們的目的就是揭示新的資訊。

And if you want to learn more language from the news, we shed light on headlines every week.

如果您想從新聞中學習更多語言，我們每週都會為您提供頭條新聞。

We've had shed light on – reveal information.

我們已經揭示--透露資訊。

For example, scientists hope the study will shed light on the origins of the virus.

例如，科學家們希望這項研究能夠揭示病毒的起源。

And that's it for this episode of Learning English from the News.

本期 "從新聞中學習英語 "節目到此結束。

We'll be back next week with another news story.

下週，我們將為您帶來另一則新聞。

If you've enjoyed this programme, try the worksheet on our website to test what you've learned.

如果您喜歡這個節目，請嘗試我們網站上的工作表來測試您所學到的知識。

Visit bbclearningenglish.com.

請訪問 bbclearningenglish.com。

And don't forget to check us out on social media.

別忘了在社交媒體上關注我們。

Just search BBC Learning English.

只需搜索 BBC Learning English 即可。

Bye for now.

再見。

Goodbye.

再見