Name: 懶惰是大腦的責任？ (Is Your Brain Making You Lazy?)
Uploaded: 2016-09-20T22:00:00.000Z
Duration: 2 min 35 s

基礎被動語態

This episode of Dnews was proudly made possible by the all-new 2015 Subaru Legacy. It’s

這一集 Dnews  很榮幸由2015年全新的  Subaru Legacy 贊助

程度副詞

這不只是轎車，還是Subaru轎車呢

情態副詞

You know those people who claim that they actually ENJOY exercise? Well it turns out,

你有認識誰說自己很「享受」運動嗎？而且後來發現

Hey guys, Tara here for Dnews - and try as we might, some of us just seem predisposed

嗨，大家好，我是Dnews的Tara，有些人似乎更容易

to loving exercise. You get addicted to the endorphins, they say - and even though I personally

愛上運動，他們會說自己腦內啡上癮－ 雖然我本身

can’t understand what that’s like, it turns out there IS a part of our brains dedicated

不了解這是怎樣，但是我們大腦某部分「的確」需要這個東西

to that - and it may explain why some people are more motivated to exercise than others.

這也許能解釋，為什麼有些人比別人更有動力去運動

Scientists at the Seattle Children’s Research Institute have discovered a tiny region of

西雅圖兒童研究機構的科學家發現老鼠腦部有

the brain in mice - called the dorsal medial habenula - that controls their desire to exercise.

一小區域－叫做背內側疆－ 可以控制老鼠運動的慾望

It’s also responsible for mood regulation and motivation, but its similarity to a structure

這個區域也掌管情緒控制和做事情的動力，和人類大腦結構很相似

in human brains - means it could lead to improved treatments for depression, which typically

這個發現有利於提升憂鬱症治療的療效，憂鬱症一般

The link between exercise and depression - has been proven time and time again. “Changes

運動與憂鬱症之間的關連－ 也一再被證明，

in physical activity and the inability to enjoy rewarding or pleasurable experiences,

「動作行為改變，覺得了無生趣、感覺不到快樂

are two of the hallmarks of major depression” - so it makes sense that exercise would be

是憂鬱症主要的兩種徵狀」－所以說運動

one of the more effective treatments for it. But the brain pathways responsible for exercise

為更有效的療法之一是有道理的，但是大腦負責讓人想運動的路徑

motivation haven’t been well understood - until now.

還沒被完全了解－　到目前為止還沒

For their study, a team of researchers examined 3 different groups of mice. The first group,

他們的研究中，一群科學家把老鼠分成三組檢視，第1組

was a control. The second group, was genetically engineered to have their dorsal medial habenula

是控制組，第2群經由基因改造，阻斷他們的背內側疆

blocked - and the third group, were given the option of hyperactivating their dorsal

第3組則給老鼠選擇是否強化他們的背內側疆

Sure enough, the second group, whose brain region was blocked - were much more lethargic

可以知道，第2組腦區域被阻斷的老鼠，比起控制組更為懶散

than the control mice. Meaning even though they were physically capable of running on

這個結果表示，即使老鼠有能力到輪子裡去跑步

their wheel - they just didn’t want to.

On the flip side, the third group of mice - had the option of either activating or suppressing

另一方面，第3組老鼠－  可選擇強化或抑制背內側疆

their dorsal medial habenula, by turning one of two response wheels. Turns out, mice strongly

牠們可以滾動其中一種輪子來做不同選擇，結果顯示

preferred activating that area, as opposed to suppressing it. And that signifies that

比起抑制這個區域，老鼠更加喜歡強化它，這也意味

this part of the brain is strongly tied to rewarding behavior.

大腦這個區域跟獎勵行為有很大關聯

It makes sense that the mice would choose that option, too. After all, nobody WANTS

老鼠會選那邊是有道理的，總之，沒人會「想」

to be depressed or lazy - it’s just something that happens. So you can imagine how useful

變沮喪或懶散－就是這樣啦，所以你可以想像一下這種藥

a drug would be, that specifically targets and activates that area.

會有多大功用，可以針對這個腦區域來加強活化

Depression may be a well-understood disease, but the treatments for it - are still lacking.

大家對憂鬱症已有充分了解，但治療方式－仍舊缺乏

So researchers hope that this discovery - can help develop better therapies for people who

所以，研究人員希望這個發現－　可以發展出更好的治療，給那些

What do you guys think? Aside from the depression aspects, would you take a drug that made you

你們覺得怎麼樣呢？先不論憂鬱症，你會想吃藥來讓自己

more motivated to exercise? Of course you would. Let us know your thoughts in the comments below - and as always,

更有動力去運動嗎？在下面留言，讓大家知道你的想法－　最後，一如往常地