fathers are usually known by their sons,

父親通常因其子而聞名，

but I'm one of the few fathers

但我是少數

who is known by his daughter,

因為女兒而聞名的父親，

and I am proud of it.

我深感榮耀。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Malala started her campaign for education

馬拉拉開始為自身的教育而戰

and stood for her rights in 2007,

並為權利挺身而出 是在 2007 年，

and when her efforts were honored in 2011,

她的努力在 2011 年時被表彰，

and she was given the national youth peace prize,

獲頒國家青年和平獎，

and she became a very famous,

她變得家喻戶曉，

very popular young girl of her country.

在國內是非常知名的女孩。

Before that, she was my daughter,

在那之前，她是我的女兒，

but now I am her father.

但現在我是她的父親。

Ladies and gentlemen,

各位先生、女士，

if we glance to human history,

如果我們一瞥人類歷史，

the story of women

女性的故事

is the story of injustice,

是不公正、不平等、

inequality,

暴力與剝削的故事。

violence and exploitation.

在父權社會中，你會看到

You see,

權利從一開始就決定了，

in patriarchal societies,

當一個小女孩出生，

right from the very beginning,

沒有人會慶祝她的誕生。

when a girl is born,

她不受歡迎，

her birth is not celebrated.

父親與兄長也不歡迎她。

She is not welcomed,

鄰居來訪

neither by father nor by mother.

會對母親露出憐憫之情，

The neighborhood comes

沒有人會恭喜她的父親。

and commiserates with the mother,

一位母親如果有女兒

and nobody congratulates the father.

會很不自在。

And a mother is very uncomfortable

當她生了第一個女孩、

for having a girl child.

第一個女兒，她會很難過。

When she gives birth to the first girl child,

當她生了第二個女兒，

first daughter, she is sad.

她會很驚訝，

When she gives birth to the second daughter,

並滿懷期待生個兒子。

she is shocked,

當她生了第三個女兒，

and in the expectation of a son,

她會像犯人一樣感到內疚。

when she gives birth to a third daughter,

不只是母親受苦，

she feels guilty like a criminal.

就連女兒，那個新生的女兒，

Not only the mother suffers,

當她長大之後，

but the daughter, the newly born daughter,

也會受苦。

when she grows old,

到了五歲

she suffers too.

該上學的時候，

At the age of five,

她得留在家裡，

while she should be going to school,

而兄弟則已得到入學許可。

she stays at home

一直到 12 歲，不知怎麼搞的，

and her brothers are admitted in a school.

她就有了幸福人生。

Until the age of 12, somehow,

她能享樂，

she has a good life.

她能和朋友在街上玩耍，

She can have fun.

而且可以上街繞繞，

She can play with her friends in the streets,

就像隻蝴蝶。

and she can move around in the streets

但是當她成為青少女，

like a butterfly.

在她 13 歲時，

But when she enters her teens,

如果沒有男性陪同，

when she becomes 13 years old,

就會被禁止出門。

she is forbidden to go out of her home

她被監禁在家裡。

without a male escort.

她不再是一個獨立個體。

She is confined under the four walls of her home.

她成了他人所謂的名譽，

She is no more a free individual.

屬於她父親的、兄弟的、

She becomes the so-called honor

家人的名譽，

of her father and of her brothers

如果她違背了

and of her family,

所謂的名譽符碼，

and if she transgresses

就可能喪命。

the code of that so-called honor,

很有趣的是這種所謂的

she could even be killed.

名譽符碼，

And it is also interesting that this so-called

那不只是影響了一個女孩的人生，

code of honor,

還影響了家庭中

it does not only affect the life of a girl,

男性成員的人生。

it also affects the life

我認識一個有七姊妹和獨子的家庭，

of the male members of the family.

而那個獨子

I know a family of seven sisters and one brother,

移民去了波斯灣一帶的國家，

and that one brother,

為了賺錢養活七姊妹

he has migrated to the Gulf countries,

和父母，

to earn a living for his seven sisters

因為他覺得

and parents,

如果他的七姊妹學了技能，

because he thinks that it will be humiliating

然後離家賺點家計，

if his seven sisters learn a skill

會很丟臉。

and they go out of the home

因此這個獨子

and earn some livelihood.

犧牲了生活的樂趣

So this brother,

和姊妹的幸福

he sacrifices the joys of his life

是為了所謂的名譽聖壇。

and the happiness of his sisters

還有一個規範

at the altar of so-called honor.

出現在父權社會中，

And there is one more norm

那就是服從。

of the patriarchal societies

一個好女孩應該要是

that is called obedience.

很文靜、很謙卑，

A good girl is supposed to be

而且非常服從。

very quiet, very humble

這是準則。

and very submissive.

模範的好女孩應該非常文靜。

It is the criteria.

她應該要沉默、

The role model good girl should be very quiet.

她應該要接受

She is supposed to be silent

她的父母親

and she is supposed to accept the decisions

與長者所做的決定，

of her father and mother

即使她不喜歡這些決定。

and the decisions of elders,

如果她得嫁給不喜歡的男人，

even if she does not like them.

或是嫁給老人，

If she is married to a man she doesn't like

她都必須接受，

or if she is married to an old man,

因為她不想被冠上

she has to accept,

不服從者的稱號。

because she does not want to be dubbed

如果他得很早婚，

as disobedient.

她必須接受。

If she is married very early,

否則，她會被稱為不服從者。

she has to accept.

結果會如何？

Otherwise, she will be called disobedient.

一位女詩人說，

And what happens at the end?

她被安排結婚、上床，

In the words of a poetess,

然後生下很多兒子和女兒。

she is wedded, bedded,

很諷刺的情況是

and then she gives birth to more sons and daughters.

這位母親

And it is the irony of the situation

也會教女兒同樣服從的一課，

that this mother,

教兒子同樣名譽的一課。

she teaches the same lesson of obedience

這個惡性循環不斷重覆上演。

to her daughter

各位女士、先生，

and the same lesson of honor to her sons.

這對無數女性的禁錮

And this vicious cycle goes on, goes on.

是可以改變的，

Ladies and gentlemen,

如果我用不同的方式思考，

this plight of millions of women

如果女性和男性用不同的方式思考，

could be changed

如果發展中國家 父權和部落社會的男性和女性

if we think differently,

可以打破

if women and men think differently,

一些家庭和社會的規範，

if men and women in the tribal and patriarchal societies

如果他們可以廢除國內體制中

in the developing countries,

有歧視的法律，

if they can break a few norms

廢除那些違背女性基本人權的法律。

of family and society,

親愛的弟兄姐妹，當馬拉拉出生時，

if they can abolish the discriminatory laws

那是第一次，

of the systems in their states,

相信我，

which go against the basic human rights

老實說，我不喜歡嬰兒，

of the women.

但是當我看進她的眼底，

Dear brothers and sisters, when Malala was born,

相信我，

and for the first time,

我感到無比榮耀。

believe me,

在她出生之前，

I don't like newborn children, to be honest,

我考慮要為她取什麼名字，

but when I went and I looked into her eyes,

我一直很欣賞一位傳奇英雄，

believe me,

為阿富汗自由而戰的鬥士，

I got extremely honored.

她是邁萬德的馬拉拉，

And long before she was born,

我的女兒以她為名。

I thought about her name,

在馬拉拉出生後幾天，

and I was fascinated with a heroic

我的女兒出生後幾天，

legendary freedom fighter in Afghanistan.

我的堂兄來訪

Her name was Malalai of Maiwand,

──那是巧合──

and I named my daughter after her.

他來我家時

A few days after Malala was born,

帶了一份祖譜，

my daughter was born,

那是優薩福扎伊家的祖譜，

my cousin came --

我檢視這份祖譜，

and it was a coincidence --

它回溯了我們 300 年來的祖先。

he came to my home

但是我發現全都是男性，

and he brought a family tree,

我拿起筆，

a family tree of the Yousafzai family,

從我的名字畫出一條線，

and when I looked at the family tree,

寫下「馬拉拉」。

it traced back to 300 years of our ancestors.

當她長大

But when I looked, all were men,

到四歲半的時候，

and I picked my pen,

我准許她到我的學校上學。

drew a line from my name,

你可能會問，我為什麼要提到

and wrote, "Malala."

准許女孩上學？

And when she grow old,

沒錯，我得提出這件事。

when she was four and a half years old,

在加拿大這可能是理所當然的事，

I admitted her in my school.

在美國、在許多已開發國家皆是，

You will be asking, then, why should I mention about

但是在貧窮國家、

the admission of a girl in a school?

在父權社會、部落社會中，

Yes, I must mention it.

對女孩來說是人生中的大事。

It may be taken for granted in Canada,

登記入學意謂著

in America, in many developed countries,

認可她的身分和姓名。

but in poor countries,

准許入學意謂著

in patriarchal societies, in tribal societies,

她進入夢想與渴望的世界，

it's a big event for the life of girl.

在那裡她可以為自己的未來

Enrollment in a school means

挖掘自己的天賦。

recognition of her identity and her name.

我有五位姊妹，

Admission in a school means

沒有一個可以上學，

that she has entered the world of dreams

你會很吃驚，

and aspirations

兩個星期前，

where she can explore her potentials

在我填寫加拿大簽證表格時，

for her future life.

當我填到家庭的部分，

I have five sisters,

我想不出

and none of them could go to school,

其中幾位姊妹的名字。

and you will be astonished,

原因是

two weeks before,

我從來沒有看過她們的名字

when I was filling out the Canadian visa form,

寫在任何文件上。

and I was filling out the family part of the form,

因為這個因素，

I could not recall

我珍視我的女兒。

the surnames of some of my sisters.

我的父親無法給我的姊妹、

And the reason was

他的女兒的東西，

that I have never, never seen the names

我想我必須改變。

of my sisters written on any document.

我總是賞識

That was the reason that

女兒的聰穎和才智。

I valued my daughter.

我鼓勵她與我同坐，

What my father could not give to my sisters

一起接待我的朋友。

and to his daughters,

我鼓勵她和我一起 參加不同的會議。

I thought I must change it.

這所有的良善價值

I used to appreciate the intelligence

我都嘗試灌輸在她的人格特質中。

and the brilliance of my daughter.

不只是她，不只是馬拉拉。

I encouraged her to sit with me

我將這所有的良善價值 分享給我的學校，

when my friends used to come.

以及女學生和男學生。

I encouraged her to go with me to different meetings.

我以教育來解放人心。

And all these good values,

我教導我的女兒，

I tried to inculcate in her personality.

我教導我的女學生

And this was not only she, only Malala.

捨棄服從的訓誡。

I imparted all these good values

我教導我的男學生

to my school, girl students and boy students as well.

捨棄所謂的偽名譽。

I used education for emancipation.

親愛的弟兄姐妹，

I taught my girls,

我們為女性的更多權利而奮鬥，

I taught my girl students,

我們努力為女性在社會上

to unlearn the lesson of obedience.

爭取更多、更多、更多的空間。

I taught my boy students

但是我們面臨新的現象。

to unlearn the lesson of so-called pseudo-honor.

這會毀滅人權，

Dear brothers and sisters,

尤其是對女權。

we were striving for more rights for women,

那稱為塔利班化。

and we were struggling to have more,

意謂著一個完全否定

more and more space for the women in society.

女性參與

But we came across a new phenomenon.

政治、經濟和社會的任何活動。

It was lethal to human rights

上百所學校消失了。

and particularly to women's rights.

女孩被禁止上學。

It was called Talibanization.

女孩被迫戴著面紗，

It means a complete negation

她們被禁止上市場。

of women's participation

音樂家被禁聲，

in all political, economical and social activities.

女孩被拐賣，

Hundreds of schools were lost.

歌手被謀殺。

Girls were prohibited from going to school.

無數人受苦，

Women were forced to wear veils

卻很少人說出口，

and they were stopped from going to the markets.

最恐怖的是

Musicians were silenced,

你身邊充斥著

girls were flogged

會屠殺、拐賣人口的人，

and singers were killed.

而你為自己的權利發聲。

Millions were suffering,

這是最恐怖的事。

but few spoke,

馬拉拉在 10 歲的時候站出來，

and it was the most scary thing

為自己接受教育的權力

when you have all around such people

挺身而出。

who kill and who flog,

她為英國廣播公司 (BBC) 的 部落格寫日記，

and you speak for your rights.

她自願

It's really the most scary thing.

為紐約時報做紀錄，

At the age of 10,

她也站上每一個有機會說話的講台。

Malala stood, and she stood for the right

她的聲音是最強而有力的聲音。

of education.

那就像漸強音樂一樣 在世界各地傳遞。

She wrote a diary for the BBC blog,

那就是塔利班為什麼

she volunteered herself

無法忍受她的活動，

for the New York Times documentaries,

在 2012 年 10 月 9 日時，

and she spoke from every platform she could.

她被近距離槍擊頭部。

And her voice was the most powerful voice.

那一天對全家和我來說是世界末日。

It spread like a crescendo all around the world.

世界變成一個巨大的黑洞。

And that was the reason the Taliban

當我的女兒

could not tolerate her campaign,

在生死交戰的邊緣，

and on October 9 2012,

我在妻子耳邊低語：

she was shot in the head at point blank range.

「我應該為了發生在

It was a doomsday for my family and for me.

我的女兒和你的女兒身上的事被譴責嗎？」

The world turned into a big black hole.

她突然告訴我：

While my daughter was

「請別責備自己。

on the verge of life and death,

你支持對的理念。

I whispered into the ears of my wife,

你拿自己的生命當賭注，

"Should I be blamed for what happened

為了真理、

to my daughter and your daughter?"

為了和平，

And she abruptly told me,

也為了教育，

"Please don't blame yourself.

而你的女兒受到你的啟發，

You stood for the right cause.

起身與你並肩而戰。

You put your life at stake

你們倆都在正確的道路上，

for the cause of truth,

造物主會保佑她。」

for the cause of peace,

這些話語對我來說意義非凡，

and for the cause of education,

自此之後我就沒再提這個問題。

and your daughter in inspired from you

馬拉拉還在醫院的時候，

and she joined you.

她經歷極劇烈的苦痛，

You both were on the right path

她嚴重頭痛，

and God will protect her."

因為她的顏面神經被切斷了，

These few words meant a lot to me,

我總是看到一片黑影

and I didn't ask this question again.

在妻子的臉上蔓延。

When Malala was in the hospital,

但是我的女兒從不抱怨。

and she was going through the severe pains

她總是告訴我：

and she had had severe headaches

「我很好，即使我有扭曲的笑容

because her facial nerve was cut down,