with the story of Mary,

故事的主人公是 Mary，

a woman from an African village.

一個來自非洲鄉村的女人。

Her first memories

在她的記憶中，從小開始，

are of her family fleeing violent riots

她全家就在躲避暴亂，顛沛流離，

orchestrated by the ruling political party.

而這一切都拜執政黨所賜。

Her brother was murdered by the state-sponsored militia,

她的哥哥被政府資助的民兵組織所殺，

and she was raped more than once

她也被多次強暴，

just because she belonged to the wrong party.

僅僅因為她屬於「不良」黨派。

One morning, a month before the election,

選舉前一個月的某天早上，

Mary's village was called to another intimidation meeting.

Mary 所在的村子裡 上演了一場恐嚇拉票集會。

In this meeting, there is a man standing in front of them,

會上，一個男子站在他們面前，

telling them, "We know who you are,

對大家說：「我們都認識你們，

we know who you will vote for,

都知道你們會把票投給誰，

and if you're not going to drop the right paper,

如果你們不做出『正確』的選擇，

we're going to take revenge."

我們就會打擊報復。」

But for Mary, this meeting is different.

但對 Mary 來說， 這次會議非同尋常，

She feels different.

她的感觸也非同尋常。

This time, she's waiting for this meeting,

這次，她心懷期待，

because this time, she's carrying a small hidden camera in her dress,

因為她衣服裡藏了隱形攝影機，

a camera that nobody else can see.

一只沒人能覺察的攝影機。

Nobody is allowed to film in these meetings.

這些會議嚴禁攝影，

You risk your life if you do.

否則你將有生命危險。

Mary knows that, but she also knows that the only way to stop them

Mary 明白，但她也知道， 只有這樣才能阻止他們的惡行，

and to protect herself and her community

才能保護她自己以及她的村莊。

is to expose their intimidation,

只有把這種恐嚇行為公之於眾，

to make sure they understand somebody is following them,

讓他們知道有人監督，

to break the impunity they feel.

他們不能無法無天。

Mary and her friends were filming for months, undercover,

Mary 和她的朋友們 已經將執政黨的恐嚇行為

the intimidation of the ruling political party.

秘密地拍攝了幾個月。

(Video) ["Filmed with hidden cameras"]

（偷拍影片）

Man: We are now going to speak about the upcoming elections.

男子：「我們要說說接下來的選舉。

Nothing can stop us from doing what we want.

我們勢不可擋，

If we hear you are with [The Opposition]

如果你跟『反對黨』是一夥人，

we will not forgive you.

我們絕不原諒。」

["Militia intimidation rally"]

（民兵拉票會）

[The Party] can torture you at any time.

「組織隨時都可以對你們嚴刑拷打，

The youth can beat you.

年青人不會放過你。」

["Disruption of political meeting"]

（會議被迫中斷）

For those who lie, saying they are back with [The Party],

「那些謊稱要回歸『黨』的人，

your time is running out.

你們的日子到頭了。」

["Party youth militia"]

（青年民兵集會）

Some have died because they rebelled.

「有些反抗的人已經喪命，

Some have lost their homes.

有些人則無家可歸。

If you don't work together with [The Party],

如果不和『黨』合作，

you will lead a very bad life.

你們不會有好下場。」

Oren Yakobovich: These images were broadcast all over the world,

這些畫面現已在全世界播出，

but more importantly,

更重要的是，

they have been broadcast back to the community.

包括當地的人，

The perpetrators saw them too.

包括施暴者自己也看到了。

They understood somebody is following them.

他們發現有人盯著他們。

They got scared. Impunity was broken.

他們會害怕，不敢再無法無天。

Mary and her friends forced the ruling political party

Mary 和她的朋友們迫使執政黨

not to use violence during the election,

在選舉中不得使用暴力，

and saved hundreds of lives.

拯救了許多人的生命。

Mary is just one of hundreds of people

Mary 是我們機構裡

that my organization had helped to document human rights violations

用相機記錄反人權行為的幾百人之一。

using cameras.

我的成長背景本應 讓我走上不同的方向。

My background should have led me to a different direction.

我出生在以色列的右翼家庭，

I was born in Israel to a right-wing family,

自年幼時的印象裡，

and as long as I remember myself,

我一直想要參軍報國，

I wanted to join the Israeli army to serve my country

為這片土地伸張正義。

and prove what I believed was our right for the whole land.

在第一次巴勒斯坦起義之後， 我加入了以色列軍，

I joined the Israeli army just after the first intifada,

服役於一個強硬、 堅毅、激進的步兵隊。

the first Palestinian uprising,

我也得到了步兵隊裡最大的槍。

and I served in one of the hard-minded,

很快，我成為了一名軍官,

toughest, aggressive infantry units,

手下也有了幾名士兵。

and I got the biggest gun in my platoon.

再後來，我開始服役於約旦河西岸，

Quite fast, I became an officer

目睹了以下這些畫面。

and got soldiers under my command,

我不喜歡眼前的這一切。

and as time passed, I started serving in the West Bank,

掙扎了一段時間後，

and I saw these images.

我最終辭去西岸的職責，

I didn't like what I saw.

這也讓我不得已入獄。

It took me a while,

其實，

but eventually I refused to serve in the West Bank

（掌聲）

and had to spend time in jail.

其實，我必須承認，監獄並沒那麽糟。

It was a bit —

跟住旅館有點像，只是吃的很爛。

(Applause) —

（笑）

It was not that bad, I have to say.

監禁期間，我一直在思考， 我要人們知道，

It was a bit like being in a hotel, but with very shitty food.

我要人們明白，

(Laughter)

約旦河西岸的真實面貌。

In jail, I kept thinking that I need people to know.

我要他們聽我所聽，

I need people to understand

見我所見，

what the reality in the West Bank looks like.

但我也了解，我們需要巴勒斯坦人民，

I need them to hear what I heard,

那些經歷苦難的人們，

I need them to see what I saw,

能講述他們自己的故事，

but I also understood, we need the Palestinians themselves,

而不是透過置身事外的 記者、或是電影人。

the people that are suffering,

我加入了一個人權機構，

to be able to tell their own stories,

一個叫做 B'Tselem 的以色列組織。

not journalists or filmmakers that are coming outside of the situation.

我們一同分析了西岸局勢，

I joined a human rights organization,

挑選出 100 個身處險境的家庭：

an Israeli human rights organization called B'Tselem.

它們在關卡旁，在軍隊基地邊，

Together, we analyzed the West Bank

緊挨著定居點。

and picked 100 families that are living in the most risky places:

我們為這些家庭提供相機和相關培訓。

close to checkpoints, near army bases,

很快的，我們開始收到 一些令人不安的畫面：

side by side with settlers.

畫面裡，他們受到 士兵和移民者的虐待。

We gave them cameras and training.

我想和大家分享 來自這個項目的兩段影片。

Quite fast, we started getting very disturbing images

兩段都在以色列播放過， 並引起了巨大的爭議。

about how the settlers and the soldiers are abusing them.

我必須提醒大家，

I would like to share with you two clips from this project.

有些人可能會覺得 其中的畫面過於暴力。

Both of them were broadcast in Israel, and it created a massive debate.

第一個畫面中的蒙面人

And I have to warn you,

是猶太移民者。

some of you might find them quite explicit.

攝影機開啟的幾分鐘前，

The masked men you will see in the first clips

他們朝一個正在耕作的 巴勒斯坦家庭靠近，

are Jewish settlers.

告訴他們必須離開，

Minutes before the camera was turned on,

因為這片地是屬於 猶太人的定居點。

they approached a Palestinian family

巴勒斯坦人拒絕了。

that was working their land

我們看看發生了什麽。

and told them that they have to leave the land,

（視頻） 畫面中的蒙面人是猶太移民。

because this land belongs to the Jewish settlers.

他們正向巴勒斯坦家庭逼近。

The Palestinians refused.

（視頻） 這是約旦河西岸的一場示威。

Let's see what happened.

穿綠衣的是巴勒斯坦人。

The masked men that are approaching are Jewish settlers.

他馬上會被逮捕。

They are approaching the Palestinian family.

你可以看到，他被戴上眼罩和手銬。

This is a demonstration in the West Bank.

接下來的幾秒鐘內， 他會為自己的到來而後悔。

The guy in green is Palestinian.

（槍聲）

He will be arrested in a second.

他被橡膠子彈擊中了腳。

Here you see him blindfolded and handcuffed.

他並無大礙。

In a few seconds, he regrets he came to this demonstration.

並不是所有外來移民和士兵都如此。

He's been shot in the foot with a rubber bullet.

我們說的是極小的一部分人， 但他們必須面對審判。

He is okay.

這些影片，以及其他類似的，

Not all the settlers and the soldiers are acting this way.

迫使軍隊和警方介入調查。

We're talking about a tiny minority, but they have to be brought to justice.

當然，它們已經在以色列播出，

These clips, and others like them,

在以色列的公眾面前曝光。

forced the army and the police to start investigations.

這個項目重新定義了

They've been shown in Israel, of course,

受佔領地區的人權鬥爭，

and the Israeli public was exposed to them also.

也讓西岸暴力襲擊得以減少。

This project redefined the struggle for human rights

這個項目的成功讓我思考，

in the occupied territories,

我該怎樣採取同樣的方法， 運用到世界其他區域。

and we managed to reduce the number of violent attacks in the West Bank.

現在，我們願意相信，

The success of this project got me thinking

在擁有了現有科技、

how I can take the same methodology to other places in the world.

智慧型手機和網路之後，

Now, we tend to believe that today,

我們能夠目睹和了解 世界上所發生的一切，

with all of the technology,

人們能夠講述他們的故事。

the smartphones and the Internet,

但這只是片面的。

we are able to see and understand most of what's happening in the world,

至今為止，在現有的科技下，

and people are able to tell their story —

世界上只有少於半數的人

but it's only partly true.

能使用網路，

Still today, with all the technology we have,

還有超過30億，

less than half of the world's population

我再說一次，

has access to the Internet,

還有30億人，

and more than three billion people —

還在審查制度中獲取資訊。

I'm repeating the number —

差不多同時，

three billion people are consuming news that is censored by those in power.

一個叫烏里•菲奇曼的人找到我。

More or less around the same time,

他是一名電影人和活躍分子。

I'm approached by a great guy named Uri Fruchtmann.

我們知道我們目標一致，

He's a filmmaker and an activist.

於是決定共同成立 Videre。

We understood we were thinking along the same lines,

在倫敦組建團隊的時候，

and we decided to establish Videre, our organization, together.

我們秘密走訪了

While building the organization in London,

一些飽受摧殘、

we've been traveling undercover to places

暴力橫行，

where a community was suffering from abuses,

又缺乏曝光的地區。

where mass atrocities were happening,

我們試著了解該如何提供援助。

and there was a lack of reporting.

我們學到了四點：

We tried to understand how we can help.

首先，我們需要與那些

There were four things that I learned.

遭受暴力卻遠離公眾視線的

The first thing is that we have to engage

偏遠村莊建立連繫。

with communities that are living in rural areas,

我們需要和他們合作，

where violations are happening far from the public eye.

需要了解那些不為人知的故事，

We need to partner with them,

並幫助他們記錄下來。

and we need to understand which images are not making it out there

其次，我學到

and help them to document them.

讓他們以安全的方式進行拍攝。

The second thing I learned

安全第一。

is that we have to enable them to film in a safe way.

當我還在西岸工作的時候，

Security has to be the priority.

你能掏出攝影機，

Where I used to work before, in the West Bank,

被槍殺的可能性很小，

one can take a camera out,

但在我們要開展工作的那些地方，

most likely not going to get shot,

要是敢拿出手機你就死定了， 真的死定了。

but in places we wanted to work,

這就是為什麽我決定

just try to pull a phone out, and you're dead — literally dead.

在必要的時候，

This is why we decided

盡可能地

to take the operation undercover

使用隱形相機進行拍攝。

when necessary,

很不幸，我不能給大家展示

and use mostly hidden cameras.

我們正在使用的偷拍相機，

Unfortunately, I can't show you the hidden cameras we're using today —

但這些是我們曾經用使過的機型。

for obvious reasons —

你可以在店裡買到的。

but these are cameras we used before.

如今，我們定製了一款隱形相機，

You can buy them off the shelf.

類似 Mary 身上那樣的，

Today, we're building a custom-made hidden camera,

記錄執政黨

like the one that Mary was wearing

恐嚇脅迫行徑的相機。

in her dress to film the intimidation meeting

這款相機很隱蔽

of the ruling political party.

可以很好地融入周遭環境。

It's a camera that nobody can see,

拍攝安全比使用隱形相機本身更重要。

that blends into the environment,

在打開錄影機之前， 就得確保拍攝者的安全。

into the surroundings.

為了保障我們合作夥伴的安危，

Now, filming securities go beyond using hidden cameras.

我們致力於了解每個地方、

Being secure starts way before the activist is turning the camera on.

拍攝每張照片的風險，

To keep our partners safe,

在可能出錯的環節做好應急措施，

we work to understand the risk of every location

在展開行動之前，

and of every shot before it's happened,

確保一切就緒。

building a backup plan if something goes wrong,

第三，我學到核實的重要性。

and making sure we have everything in place

你能捕捉到驚心動魄的暴行，

before our operations start.

但如果無法核實真偽， 那它沒有任何意義。

The third thing I learned is the importance of verification.

近來，在敘利亞，又或者加沙 持續的戰爭中，

You can have an amazing shot of atrocity,

我們看到一些擺拍的， 或從其他衝突中挪用的影像。

but if you can't verify it, it's worth nothing.

這些不實信息不光損害了 消息來源的可信度，

Recently, like in the ongoing war in Syria or the war in Gaza,

也影響了其它原本可信可靠的消息源。

we've seen images that are staged or brought from a different conflict.

我們用多種途徑 確保消息能夠得到核實，

This misinformation destroyed the credibility of the source,

素材值得信任。

and it's harmed the credibility of other reliable and trustworthy sources.

這都從我們對合作者的審核開始，

We use a variety of ways to make sure we can verify the information

認識他們，和他們緊密合作。

and we can trust the material.

你該如何拍攝一個場景呢？

It starts with vetting the partners,

你可以拍拍路標、手錶、報紙。

understanding who they are, and working with them very intensively.

我們正在勘查地圖，

How do you film a location?

核對信息，

You film road signs, you film watches,

查詢後備資料。

you film newspapers.

第四點，也是我學到的最多的

We are checking maps, looking at maps,

就是如何利用這些圖像 來創造積極的改變。

double-checking the information,

要想取得效應，

and looking also at the metadata of the material.

關鍵在於如何使用這些材料。

Now, the fourth and the most important thing I learned

今天，我們同幾百名活躍分子一起

is how you use images to create a positive change.

進行秘密拍攝。

To have an effect,

我們一起了解當下處境，

the key thing is how you use the material.

看看還缺少哪些畫面，

Today, we're working with hundreds of activists

誰能改變局面，

filming undercover.

什麽時候發佈這些資料，來推進鬥爭。

We work with them both to understand the situation on the ground

有時，這事關媒體，

and which images are missing to describe it,

主要是當地的媒體， 來提高人們的覺醒。

who are the ones that are influencing the situation,

有時，這事關決策者，

and when to release the material to advance the struggle.

要他們去完善法制。

Sometimes, it's about putting it in the media,

有時，要把這些資料當做證據。

mostly local ones, to create awareness.

但更多時候，

Sometimes it's working with decision makers,

引發社會變革最有效的方法

to change laws.

是從社區內部開展行動。

Sometimes, it's working with lawyers to use as evidence in court.

給大家舉個例子。

But more than often,

Fatuma 是肯亞 某個婦女反暴力組織中的成員，

the most effective way to create a social change

社區中的女性

is to work within the community.

時常在上學和工作途中遭遇騷擾。

I want to give you one example.

她們試圖由內而外改變這種局面。

Fatuma is part of a network of women that are fighting abuses in Kenya.

在接下來的影片中，

Women in her community have been harassed constantly

Fatuma 將帶領我們 同走她上班的路途。

on their way to school and on their way to work.

她為這段偷拍的影片

They are trying to change the behavior of the community from inside.

做了旁白。

In the next clip,

（視頻） 我叫 Fatuma Chiusiku，

Fatuma is taking us with her on her journey to work.

32歲，是一位母親，

Her voice is superimposed on images that she filmed herself

家在 Ziwa La Ng'Ombe。

using hidden cameras.

每天早上，我乘坐小巴，

(Video) Fatuma Chiusiku: My name is Fatuma Chiusiku.

11號小巴。