and so just before I get going,

因此在開始之前，

I wanted to tell you as a South African

我想以南非人的身分，告訴你，

that one of the men who has inspired me most

一位曾經帶給我最多啟發的人

passed away a few hours ago.

數小時前過世了。

Nelson Mandela has come to the end

納爾遜．曼德拉已結束

of his long walk to freedom.

為自由奮戰的漫長旅程。

And so this talk is going to be for him.

因此，這則演說將用來向他致敬。

I grew up in wonder.

我在驚奇中長大。

I grew up amongst those animals.

我在那群動物之中長大。

I grew up in the wild eastern part of South Africa

我在南非東部荒野中的

at a place called Londolozi Game Reserve.

倫多洛里野生動物保護區長大。

It's a place where my family has been

那是我連續四代家族

in the safari business for four generations.

經營野遊旅行事業的地方。

Now for as long as I can remember,

在我記憶所及，

my job has been to take people out into nature,

我的工作一直是帶著人們走進大自然，

and so I think it's a lovely twist of fate today

因此我想今天 是美好的命運轉折

to have the opportunity

讓我有機會

to bring some of my experiences out in nature

把我的經驗帶出自然，

in to this gathering.

在這場聚會中分享。

Africa is a place

非洲是一個

where people still sit under starlit skies

人們仍會坐在星光閃耀的星空下

and around campfires and tell stories,

圍著營火說故事的地方，

and so what I have to share with you today

而今天我必須和大家分享的是

is the simple medicine of a few campfire stories,

一些營火晚會的小妙方，

stories about heroes of heart.

關於英雄精神的故事。

Now my stories are not the stories

現在我要告訴你的不是

that you'll hear on the news,

你會在新聞上聽到的故事。

and while it's true that Africa is a harsh place,

雖然非洲環境嚴峻，

I also know it to be a place

我也知道那是個

where people, animals and ecosystems

人們、動物和生態在其中

teach us about a more interconnected world.

教導我們一個更加相互連結的世界。

When I was nine years old,

在我九歲的時候，

President Mandela came to stay with my family.

曼德拉總統曾暫住我家。

He had just been released from his 27 years of incarceration,

他才剛從 27 年的牢刑中被釋放，

and was in a period of readjustment

正處於重新適應

to his sudden global icon status.

世界精神領袖地位的期間。

Members of the African National Congress

非洲國民大會的議員

thought that in the bush

認為他在叢林中

he would have time to rest and recuperate

能有休養復原的時間，

away from the public eye,

遠離大眾關注，

and it's true that lions tend to be

而且獅子真的能擔任

a very good deterrent to press and paparazzi.

壓制狗仔隊的極佳震懾角色。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

But it was a defining time for me as a young boy.

但對身為青少年的我來說， 這是關鍵的時刻。

I would take him breakfast in bed,

我會拿早餐到他床前，

and then, in an old track suit and slippers,

然後，他會穿上老舊的運動服與便鞋

he would go for a walk around the garden.

在花園中散步。

At night, I would sit with my family

晚上，我會和家人一起圍坐在

around the snowy, bunny-eared TV,

雜訊干擾的天線電視機前，

and watch images of that same

看著和花園裡的同一位

quiet man from the garden

安靜男士在畫面中

surrounded by hundreds and thousands of people

被成千上萬人圍繞著，

as scenes from his release were broadcast nightly.

每夜都會播送他被釋放的場景。

He was bringing peace

他為分裂與暴力的南非

to a divided and violent South Africa,

帶來和平，

one man with an unbelievable sense of his humanity.

一位身懷不可思議特質的男士。

Mandela said often that the gift of prison

曼德拉常說監獄的禮物

was the ability to go within and to think,

就是有深入思考的能力，

to create in himself

把最想奉獻給南非的精神

the things he most wanted for South Africa:

建立在自身上：

peace, reconciliation, harmony.

和平、和解、融洽。

Through this act of immense open-heartedness,

透過這個心胸極為寬大的舉動，

he was to become the embodiment

他已成為

of what in South Africa we call "ubuntu."

我們在南非稱 「烏邦圖」(ubuntu) 的化身。

Ubuntu: I am because of you.

烏邦圖：你造就了我。

Or, people are not people

或是說，沒有其他人，

without other people.

我們就無法成為自己。

It's not a new idea or value

這不是新的想法或價值觀，

but it's one that I certainly think at these times

但卻是我在這些日子裡 深信值得建立的想法或價值觀。

is worth building on.

事實上，在非洲的集體意識中， 有一個說法是

In fact, it is said that in the collective consciousness of Africa,

我們要體認到自我人性 最深切的部分

we get to experience the deepest parts

必須透過與他人互動。

of our own humanity

烏邦圖正是如此。

through our interactions with others.

你為我保留一個空間，

Ubuntu is at play right now.

讓我表達最深切、真實的自我。

You are holding a space for me

沒有你，我只是一個 在空房子裡說話的人，

to express the deepest truth of who I am.

我上星期花了很多時間這麼做，

Without you, I'm just a guy talking to an empty room,

但現在完全不一樣。

and I spent a lot of time last week doing that,

（笑聲）

and it's not the same as this.

如果曼德拉是我國和國際的化身，

(Laughter)

而親自教導我

If Mandela was the national and international embodiment,

這個價值觀的人是這位男士

then the man who taught me the most

索利．梅朗高 (Solly Mhlongo)。

about this value personally was this man,

索利在樹下出生，

Solly Mhlongo.

距離我長大的莫三比亞有 60 公里遠。

Solly was born under a tree

他一向沒什麼錢，

60 kilometers from where I grew up in Mozambique.

但他是

He would never have a lot of money,

我認識最富有的人之一。

but he was to be

索利在成長的過程中要幫忙父親養牛。

one of the richest men I would ever meet.

其實我不知道 從小養牛長大是什麼樣子，

Solly grew up tending to his father's cattle.

但那會造就足智多謀的特質。

Now, I can tell you, I don't know what it is about people who grow up looking after cattle,

他在野遊旅行業 做的第一項工作

but it makes for über-resourcefulness.

是修理越野車。

The first job that he ever got in the safari business

他是在叢林裡的哪個地方學會這件事

was fixing the safari trucks.

我毫無頭緒，但他就是辦得到。

Where he had learned to do that out in the bush

後來他就換到

I have no idea, but he could do it.

棲地團隊。

He then moved across into what we called

這些人負責保護棲地，

the habitat team.

讓它生長良好。

These were the people on the reserve

他修理道路、改善濕地，

who were responsible for its well-being.

和做一些反獵補的工作。

He fixed roads, he mended wetlands,

後來有天我們一起出去，

he did some anti-poaching.

他碰巧看到母豹剛走過的足跡，

And then one day we were out together,

那是條狹小的古道，

and he came across the tracks of where a female leopard had walked.

出於好玩，他回過頭開始跟蹤豹，

And it was an old track,

我告訴你，

but for fun he turned and he began to follow it,

從他跟著腳印的車速就可以知道

and I tell you, I could tell by the speed

這個人是博士級的跟蹤大師。

at which he moved on those pad marks

如果你在棲地以外的地方

that this man was a Ph.D.-level tracker.

開車經過索利，

If you drove past Solly

抬頭看後照鏡，

somewhere out on the reserve,

你會以為他把車停在

you look up in your rearview mirror,

20、50 公尺遠的路上，

you'd see he'd stopped the car

以防萬一你可能需要他幫點忙。

20, 50 meters down the road

我唯一聽過針對他的指控

just in case you need help with something.

是有位客人說：

The only accusation I ever heard leveled at him

「索利，你好用的讓人毛骨悚然。」

was when one of our clients said,

（笑聲）

"Solly, you are pathologically helpful."

當我現始當專業導遊

(Laughter)

帶領人群進入這個環境時，

When I started professionally guiding people

索利是我的雷達。

out into this environment,

我們是工作團隊。

Solly was my tracker.

我們第一組接到的客人

We worked together as a team.

是一群從美國東岸來的慈善家，

And the first guests we ever got

他們在路上對索利說：

were a philanthropy group from your East Coast,

「在我們出去看獅子和豹之前，

and they said to Solly, on the side, they said,

我們想看看你住的地方。」

"Before we even go out to see lions and leopards,

後來我們就帶他們到索利家，

we want to see where you live."

這趟慈善家訪視之旅

So we took them up to his house,

剛好是在索利的老婆

and this visit of the philanthropist to his house

學英文的時候，

coincided with a time when Solly's wife,

她正學到打開門要說：

who was learning English,

「你好，我愛你。

was going through a phase where she would open the door

歡迎光臨，我愛你。」 （笑聲）

by saying, "Hello, I love you.

對我來說，非洲人最美的一面就是

Welcome, I love you." (Laughter)

這個小房子裡

And there was something so beautifully African

住著很大的心。

about it to me, this small house

從索利救我一命的那天開始，

with a huge heart in it.

他就成了我心目中的英雄。

Now on the day that Solly saved my life,

那天很熱，

he was already my hero.

我們發現自己身在河邊，

It was a hot day,

暑氣逼人，我脫下鞋，

and we found ourselves down by the river.

捲起長褲

Because of the heat, I took my shoes off,

走進河水中，

and I rolled up my pants,

索利留在岸邊。

and I walked into the water.

清澈的河水流過沙地，

Solly remained on the bank.

我們轉向往上游走。

The water was clear running over sand,

在前方幾公尺遠處，

and we turned and we began to make our way upstream.

岸邊有棵樹倒向河中，

And a few meters ahead of us,

枝幹接觸水面，

there was a place where a tree had fallen out of the bank,

形成一處陰影。

and its branches were touching the water,

如果你看過恐怖電影，

and it was shadowy.

觀眾會開始七嘴八舌說：

And if had been a horror movie,

「別過去那，別過去那。」 （笑聲）

people in the audience would have started saying,

想當然爾，鱷魚藏在陰影裡。

"Don't go in there. Don't go in there." (Laughter)

當鱷魚攻擊你時， 你會先注意到

And of course, the crocodile was in the shadows.

被兇殘咬下的那一口。

Now the first thing that you notice when a crocodile hits you

嘩！牠咬了我的右腳。

is the ferocity of the bite.

牠拉住我、旋轉。 我舉起雙手，還能抓到樹幹。

Wham! It hits me by my right leg.

牠兇暴地搖晃著我。

It pulls me. It turns. I throw my hand up. I'm able to grab a branch.

面對另一種打算要吃掉你的生物

It's shaking me violently.

有種很奇怪的感覺，

It's a very strange sensation

大概是這種原因讓某些人想吃素。

having another creature try and eat you,

（笑聲）

and there are few things that promote vegetarianism like that.

索利在岸上看到我陷入困境，

(Laughter)

他轉身，開始朝我而來。

Solly on the bank sees that I'm in trouble.

鱷魚再次搖晃我，

He turns. He begins to make his way to me.

牠打算再咬我一口。

The croc again continues to shake me.

我注意到身旁的河水裡有血，

It goes to bite me a second time.

染紅了下游。

I notice a slick of blood in the water around me

牠再次張嘴咬時，我踢牠，

that gets washed downstream.

腳踩進牠的喉嚨裡， 牠把我吐出來。

As it bites the second time, I kick.

我把自己的身體往上拉到樹枝上，

My foot goes down its throat. It spits me out.

離開水面時，我往身後看，

I pull myself up into the branches,

我的膝蓋以下

and as I come out of the water, I look over my shoulder.

慘不忍睹，

My leg from the knee down

骨頭碎了，

is mangled beyond description.

肉被撕裂。

The bone is cracked.

我馬上決定絕不再看第二眼。

The meat is torn up.

我離開水面後，

I make an instant decision that I'll never look at that again.

索利站在

As I come out of the water,

我和鱷魚之間的深水處。

Solly arrives at a deep section,

他看到我的腳傷，

a channel between us.

知道我和他之間

He knows, he sees the state of my leg,

有一隻鱷魚，

he knows that between him and I

我跟你說，這位男士一秒也沒遲疑，

there is a crocodile,

在水中筆直走向我，

and I can tell you this man doesn't slow down for one second.

水深及腰，

He comes straight into the channel.

他一把抓起我。

He wades in to above his waist.

我還在極易受傷的位置，

He gets to me. He grabs me.

他把我扛上肩。

I'm still in a vulnerable position.

這是索利的另一個特點， 他壯得嚇人。

He picks me and puts me on his shoulder.

他轉身，帶著我走上岸，

This is the other thing about Solly, he's freakishly strong.

放下我後，索利脫掉身上的衣服

He turns. He walks me up the bank.

纏上我的腳，

He lays me down. He pulls his shirt off.

再次扛起我

He wraps it around my leg,

走向車子，

picks me up a second time,

為我做醫療照護。

walks me to a vehicle,

我活下來了。

and he's able to get me to medical attention.

（掌聲）

And I survive.

我不知道你們認識的人之中，有多少位

Now — (Applause)

願意走下深溝，

Now I don't know how many people you know

而且他們知道裡面有隻鱷魚

that go into a deep channel of water

還願意來救你，

that they know has a crocodile in it

但是對索利來說，那就像呼吸一樣自然。

to come and help you,

我在整個非洲的經歷中，

but for Solly, it was as natural as breathing.

他是其中一個驚人例子。

And he is one amazing example

在更聚合型的社會中，

of what I have experienced all over Africa.

我們深刻了解

In a more collective society,

自己的幸福與他人的幸福

we realize from the inside

緊緊地繫在一起。

that our own well-being is deeply tied

分擔危險，分擔苦痛，

to the well-being of others.

共享喜悅，共享榮耀，

Danger is shared. Pain is shared.

分享房子，分享食物。

Joy is shared. Achievement is shared.

烏邦圖要我們打開心胸，

Houses are shared. Food is shared.

樂於分享，

Ubuntu asks us to open our hearts

索利在那天教我的

and to share,

就是這分價值的精髓，

and what Solly taught me that day

他無時無刻展現出

is the essence of this value,

生命力與熱情。

his animated, empathetic action

雖然這個字根與人有關，

in every moment.

我原以為也許烏邦圖只和人有關。

Now although the root word is about people,

後來，我碰到這位年輕女士。

I thought that maybe ubuntu was only about people.

她的名字是艾維斯（貓王）。

And then I met this young lady.

其實索利幫牠取這個名字

Her name was Elvis.

是因為他說牠走路的時候就像是在跳

In fact, Solly gave her the name Elvis

貓王的扭臀舞。

because he said she walked like she was doing

牠出生時雙腳和骨盆嚴重變形，

the Elvis the pelvis dance.

牠從遷徒路途中的保護區 被送到我們這裡，

She was born with very badly deformed back legs and pelvis.

就在我們東邊。

She arrived at our reserve from a reserve

我第一次看到牠時，

east of us on her migratory route.

心想過不了幾天牠就會死了。

When I first saw her,

可是五年之後

I thought she would be dead in a matter of days.

牠就返家過冬了。

And yet, for the next five years

我們會很興奮的深入叢林，

she returned in the winter months.

出現在這條特別的小徑上，

And we would be so excited to be out in the bush

牠看起來就像是一個反向括號，

and to come across this unusual track.

不管我們手邊在忙什麼， 都會放下一切跟著牠，

It looked like an inverted bracket,

接著我們會來到角落，

and we would drop whatever we were doing and we would follow,

牠就在那裡和象群在一起。

and then we would come around the corner,

看到牠的時候，

and there she would be with her herd.

野遊車裡的人們

And that outpouring of emotion

流露出的情感，就是家人的感覺。

from people on our safari trucks

牠提醒了我，

as they saw her, it was this sense of kinship.