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  • I would like to talk to you about a story about a small town kid.

  • I don't know his name, but I do know his story.

  • He lives in a small village in southern Somalia.

  • His village is near Mogadishu.

  • Drought drives the small village into poverty and to the brink of starvation.

  • With nothing left for him there, he leaves for the big city, in this case, Mogadishu, the capital of Somalia.

  • When he arrives, there are no opportunities, no jobs, no way forward.

  • He ends up living in a tent city on the outskirts of Mogadishu.

  • Maybe a year passes, nothing.

  • One day, he's approached by a gentleman who offers to take him to lunch, then to dinner, to breakfast.

  • He meets this dynamic group of people, and they give him a break.

  • He's given a bit of money to buy himself some new clothes, money to send back home to his family

  • He is introduced to this young woman.

  • He eventually gets married.

  • He starts this new life.

  • He has a purpose in life.

  • One beautiful day in Mogadishu, under an azure blue sky, a car bomb goes off.

  • That small town kid with the big city dreams was the suicide bomber,

  • and that dynamic group of people were al Shabaab, a terrorist organization linked to al Qaeda.

  • So how does the story of a small town kid just trying to make it big in the city end up with him blowing himself up?

  • He was waiting.

  • He was waiting for an opportunity, waiting to begin his future, waiting for a way forward, and this was the first thing that came along.

  • This was the first thing that pulled him out of what we call waithood.

  • And his story repeats itself in urban centers around the world.

  • It is the story of the disenfranchised, unemployed urban youth who sparks riots in Johannesburg,

  • sparks riots in London, who reaches out for something other than waithood.

  • For young people, the promise of the city, the big city dream is that of opportunity, of jobs, of wealth,

  • but young people are not sharing in the prosperity of their cities.

  • Often it's youth who suffer from the highest unemployment rates.

  • By 2030, three out of five people living in cities will be under the age of 18.

  • If we do not include young people in the growth of our cities, if we do not provide them opportunities,

  • the story of waithood, the gateway to terrorism, to violence, to gangs, will be the story of cities 2.0.

  • And in my city of birth, Mogadishu, 70 percent of young people suffer from unemployment.

  • 70 percent don't work, don't go to school.

  • They pretty much do nothing.

  • I went back to Mogadishu last month, and I went to visit Madina Hospital, the hospital I was born in.

  • I remember standing in front of that bullet-ridden hospital thinking, what if I had never left?

  • What if I had been forced into that same state of waithood?

  • Would I have become a terrorist?

  • I'm not really sure about the answer.

  • My reason for being in Mogadishu that month was actually to host a youth leadership and entrepreneurship summit.

  • I brought together about 90 young Somali leaders.

  • We sat down and brainstormed on solutions to the biggest challenges facing their city.

  • One of the young men in the room was Aden.

  • He went to university in Mogadishu, graduated.

  • There were no jobs, no opportunities.

  • I remember him telling me, because he was a college graduate, unemployed, frustrated,

  • that he was the perfect target for al Shabaab and other terrorist organizations, to be recruited.

  • They sought people like him out.

  • But his story takes a different route.

  • In Mogadishu, the biggest barrier to getting from point A to point B are the roads.

  • Twenty-three years of civil war have completely destroyed the road system, and a motorbike can be the easiest way to get around.

  • Aden saw an opportunity and seized it.

  • He started a motorbike company.

  • He began renting out motorbikes to local residents who couldn't normally afford them.

  • He bought 10 bikes, with the help of family and friends, and his dream is to eventually expand to several hundred within the next three years.

  • How is this story different?

  • What makes his story different?

  • I believe it is his ability to identify and seize a new opportunity.

  • It's entrepreneurship, and I believe entrepreneurship can be the most powerful tool against waithood.

  • It empowers young people to be the creators of the very economic opportunities they are so desperately seeking.

  • And you can train young people to be entrepreneurs.

  • I want to talk to you about a young man who attended one of my meetings, Mohamed Mohamoud, a florist.

  • He was helping me train some of the young people at the summit in entrepreneurship and how to be innovative and how to create a culture of entrepreneurship.

  • He's actually the first florist Mogadishu has seen in over 22 years, and until recently, until Mohamed came along,

  • if you wanted flowers at your wedding, you used plastic bouquets shipped from abroad.

  • If you asked someone, "When was the last time you saw fresh flowers?"

  • for many who grew up under civil war, the answer would be, "Never."

  • So Mohamed saw an opportunity.

  • He started a landscaping and design floral company.

  • He created a farm right outside of Mogadishu, and started growing tulips and lilies, which he said could survive the harsh Mogadishu climate.

  • And he began delivering flowers to weddings, creating gardens at homes and businesses around the city,

  • and he's now working on creating Mogadishu's first public park in 22 years.

  • There's no public park in Mogadishu.

  • He wants to create a space where families, young people, can come together, and, as he says, smell the proverbial roses.

  • And he doesn't grow roses because they use too much water, by the way.

  • So the first step is to inspire young people, and in that room, Mohamed's presence had a really profound impact on the youth in that room.

  • They had never really thought about starting up a business.

  • They've thought about working for an NGO, working for the government, but his story, his innovation, really had a strong impact on them.

  • He forced them to look at their city as a place of opportunity.

  • He empowered them to believe that they could be entrepreneurs, that they could be change makers.

  • By the end of the day, they were coming up with innovative solutions to some of the biggest challenges facing their city.

  • They came up with entrepreneurial solutions to local problems.

  • So inspiring young people and creating a culture of entrepreneurship is a really great step,

  • but young people need capital to make their ideas a reality.

  • They need expertise and mentorship to guide them in developing and launching their businesses.

  • Connect young people with the resources they need, provide them the support they need to go from ideation to creation,

  • and you will create catalysts for urban growth.

  • For me, entrepreneurship is more than just starting up a business.

  • It's about creating a social impact.

  • Mohamed is not simply selling flowers.

  • I believe he is selling hope.

  • His Peace Park, and that's what he calls it, when it's created, will actually transform the way people see their city.

  • Aden hired street kids to help rent out and maintain those bikes for him.

  • He gave them the opportunity to escape the paralysis of waithood.

  • These young entrepreneurs are having a tremendous impact in their cities.

  • So my suggestion is, turn youth into entrepreneurs, incubate and nurture their inherent innovation,

  • and you will have more stories of flowers and Peace Parks than of car bombs and waithood.

  • Thank you.

I would like to talk to you about a story about a small town kid.

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