Name: 進化和自然選擇簡介 (Introduction to Evolution and Natural Selection)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T06:02:51.000Z
Duration: 17 min 39 s
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I think what is probably the most misunderstood concept in

all of science, and as we all know is now turning into one

of the most contentious concepts, maybe not in

science, but in our popular culture, and that's the idea

Whenever we hear this word, I mean, even if we don't hear it

in the biological context, we imagine that something is

And so when people use the word evolution in our everyday

context, they think of this notion of change, that-- this

is going to test my drawing ability-- but you

We've all seen this picture at the natural museum, and he's

walking hunchback like that, and his head's bent down and--

And then they show this picture where he slowly,

slowly becomes more and more upright, and eventually, he

turns into some dude, who's just walking on his way to

And it's some kind of implication that walking

upright is better than not walking upright,

This guy has a tail, so you're going to have to excuse my

drawings skills, but we've all seen this.

If you've ever gone to a natural history museum, and

they'll just make more and more upright apes, and

eventually you get to a human being, and it's this idea that

the apes somehow changed into a human being.

And I've seen this in multiple contexts, even inside of

biology classes and even the scientific community.

They'll say, oh, the ape evolved into the human or the

ape evolved into the pre-human, the guy that almost

stood upright, the guy that was a little bit hunchback, so

he looked a little bit like an ape and a little bit like a

Even though this process did happen, that you did have

creatures that over time accumulated changes that maybe

their ancestors might have looked more like this, and

eventually they looked more like this, there was no active

It's not like the ape said, gee, I would like my kids to

look more like this dude, so somehow, I'm going to get my

DNA to get enough changes to look more like this.

The DNA didn't say, hey, it is better to be walking than to

And so therefore, I'm going to try to somehow spontaneously

It's not like-- you know, some people imagine that maybe

There's a tree, and on that tree, there's a bunch of good

And then maybe you have some type of cow-like creature, or

maybe it's some type of horse-like creature that says,

gee, I would like to get to those apples, and that just

because they want to get there, maybe the next

generation-- they keep trying to raise their neck, and then

after generation after generation, their necks get

That is not what evolution is and that's not what it

implies, although sometimes the everyday notion of the

What evolution is-- and actually, this is the word

that I prefer to use-- it's natural selection.

And literally, what it means is that in any population of

living organisms, you're going to have some variation, and

Variation just means, look, there's just some change.

Some people are tall, some people are short, some people

have blond hair, some people have black hair,

And what natural selection is is this process that sometimes

environmental factors will select for certain variation.

Some variations might not matter at all, but some

One example that's given in every biology book, but it

really is interesting is-- I believe they're called the

And this was in pre-Industrial Revolution England that these

moths-- some of the moths were-- let me see if I can

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進化和自然選擇簡介 (Introduction to Evolution and Natural Selection)

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