Vocabulary

  • off balance: In a state of being unsteady or unstable; lacking equilibrium.
  • at a time: Separately; one by one
  • go away: To go on vacation
  • suffer from: To experience pain or distress; to be badly affected by.
  • in reaction to: As a response to something.
  • feel like: To have a desire or inclination for something.
  • cope with: To deal successfully with a difficult situation.
  • used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
  • in the meantime: During the time between two events; meanwhile.
  • thumbs up: A gesture of approval or agreement, indicated by holding a fist with the thumb extended upwards.
  • in the dark: Uninformed about something; unaware.
  • sleep: To have enough beds for
  • easily: Clearly; without doubt; certainly
  • change: To exchange one set of clothes for another
  • sleeping: To have enough beds for
  • study: To focus on learning something usually at school
  • people: Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
  • body: The physical structure of a person or animal.
  • train: Line of people, animals moving the same direction
  • clock: A device that shows the time
  • exciting: To cause a reaction; make active
  • lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
  • tired: Without energy so you want to rest or fall asleep
  • bad: Not good; wrong
  • safe: Highly likely
  • talk: Style of speaking
  • brain: To strike someone forcefully on the head
  • healthy: In good condition physically, or financially; well
  • move: To cause someone to have certain emotions
  • plastic: Stiff but usually flexible man-made material
  • unable: Not being able to do something
  • cycle: Series of regular and repeated actions
  • video: Recording capturing action with sound
  • memory: Ability of the mind to call back past things
  • match: To equal or be as good as something else
  • throw: To use your arm to make something fly in the air
  • hate: To have a very strong feeling of dislike for
  • college: School or educational institution for adults
  • direction: When someone tells people what to do
  • straight: Not having curves, bends, or angles
  • explain: To make clear or easy to understand by describing
  • thumb: To use your thumb to request a ride in a car
  • stress: To emphasize one or more parts of a word, sentence
  • concentrate: To cause to be present in large amount or number
  • deliver: To give birth to a child; help a woman give birth
  • decrease: To reduce the size, amount or number of something
  • approve: To formally accept something or grant permission
  • electrical: Related or connected to electricity
  • depress: To make someone feel sad or miserable
  • shock: The passage of an electricity through the body
  • habit: Loose clothing like a cloak, worn by monks, nuns
  • awful: Very bad; horrible; terrible
  • controlled: To direct or influence the behavior of something
  • suffer: To experience pain, illness, or injury
  • lack: To not have, or not have enough, of something
  • calm: Without wind or storm; quiet; peaceful
  • motor: Concerning cars and vehicles
  • stimulation: Arousal of interest or emotions
  • adapt: To change something for a different function
  • biological: Being related to life and living things
  • emotional: Causing, feeling, or appealing to the emotions
  • basically: Used before you explain something simply, clearly
  • cause: Belief, goal or organization that people support
  • physical: Health check at the doctors' or hospital
  • weird: Odd or unusual; surprising; strange
  • hook: Bent tool used to catch fish or to hang things on
  • objectively: In an open-minded way; without prejudice
  • daytime: The time of day you can see the sun
  • adaptable: Having the ability to change to new conditions
  • symptom: Sign that suggests that there is a problem
  • cope: To deal with something in spite of difficulties
  • versa: used to say that what you have just said is also true in the opposite order
  • magnetic: Having the properties of a magnet; able to attract
  • vice: used as part of the title of particular positions. The person who holds one of these positions is next below in authority to the person who holds the full position and can act for them
  • insomnia: Inability to sleep for many nights
  • groan: To make a deep sound from despair, pain etc.
  • retain: To continue to have or use; keep the quality of
  • drain: Hole or pipe that water, waste etc. flows into
  • legitimate: Being born to legally married parents
  • cortex: The outer part of an organ/structure, e.g. brain
  • apnea: Temporary stoppage of breathing
  • circadian: Concerning biological processes occurring at -hour intervals
  • plasticity: Property of being able to physically bend
  • physiological: Of or relating to functions of the body
  • rotten: Gone bad; broken into pieces through dying
  • overly: To a degree exceeding normal or proper limits
  • info: Shortened form of the word 'information'
  • tweet: Weak chirping sound as of a small bird
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    • adapt

      US /əˈdæpt/

      UK /ə'dæpt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To change something for a different function
      • To change something to fit or suit a new purpose
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To change your behaviour so that it is easier to live in a new place or situation
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • adaptable

      US /əˈdæptəbəl/

      UK /əˈdæptəbl/

      • Adjective
      • Having the ability to change to new conditions
      B1
      More
    • approve

      US /əˈpruv/

      UK /əˈpru:v/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To formally accept something or grant permission
      • To have a positive opinion of someone or something
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • at a time

      US /æt e taɪm/

      UK /æt ə taim/

      • Phrase
      • Separately; one by one
      • Simultaneously; together
      A1
      More
    • awful

      US /ˈɔfəl/

      UK /ˈɔ:fl/

      • Adjective
      • Very bad; horrible; terrible
      A2
      More
    • basically

      US /ˈbesɪkəli,-kli/

      UK /ˈbeɪsɪkli/

      • Adverb
      • Used before you explain something simply, clearly
      • In essence; when you consider the most important aspects of something.
      A2
      More
    • biological

      US /ˌbaɪəˈlɑdʒɪkəl/

      UK /ˌbaɪəˈlɒdʒɪkl/

      • Adjective
      • Being related to life and living things
      • A substance, such as a detergent, that contains enzymes.
      B1
      More
    • body

      US /ˈbɑdi/

      UK /ˈbɒdi/

      • Noun
      • The physical structure of a person or animal.
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • The main or central part of something.
      • The weight and texture of a drink (like wine or coffee) in the mouth.
      A2
      More
    • calm

      US /kɑm/

      UK /kɑ:m/

      • Adjective
      • Without wind or storm; quiet; peaceful
      • Relaxed and not worried or angry
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To make or become relaxed and not worried or angry
      A2
      More
    • cause

      US /kɔz/

      UK /kɔ:z/

      • Noun
      • Belief, goal or organization that people support
      • Reason for
      • Transitive Verb
      • To make something happen; create effect or result
      A2
      More
    • college

      US /'kɑːlɪdʒ/

      UK /'kɒlɪdʒ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • School or educational institution for adults
      • A constituent body of a university.
      A2
      More
    • concentrate

      US /ˈkɑnsənˌtret/

      UK /'kɒnsntreɪt/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To cause to be present in large amount or number
      • To pay great attention to a task; focus
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A substance made by removing water or other diluents; a concentrated form of something.
      A2
      More
    • cope

      US /koʊp/

      UK /kəʊp/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To deal with something in spite of difficulties
      A2
      More
    • cope with

      US /kop wɪð/

      UK /kəup wið/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To deal successfully with a difficult situation.
      A1
      More
    • cortex

      US /ˈkɔrˌteks/

      UK /'kɔ:teks/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • The outer part of an organ/structure, e.g. brain
      • The outer layer of the cerebrum (the cerebral cortex), other organs, or a plant.
      C1
      More
    • cycle

      US /ˈsaɪkəl/

      UK /ˈsaɪkl/

      • Noun
      • Series of regular and repeated actions
      • Bicycle, bike
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To go through a series of events repeatedly
      • To ride on a bicycle
      A2
      More
    • daytime

      US /ˈdeˌtaɪm/

      UK /ˈdeɪtaɪm/

      • Noun
      • The time of day you can see the sun
      • Adjective
      • Relating to or happening during the day.
      B1
      More
    • decrease

      US /dɪˈkris/

      UK /dɪˈkri:s/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To reduce the size, amount or number of something
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Amount by which something has been reduced
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • deliver

      US /dɪˈlɪvɚ/

      UK /dɪ'lɪvə(r)/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To give birth to a child; help a woman give birth
      • To save someone from a problem or crisis
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • depress

      US /dɪˈprɛs/

      UK /dɪ'pres/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To make someone feel sad or miserable
      • To push something down
      B2
      More
    • direction

      US /dɪˈrɛkʃən, daɪ-/

      UK /də'rekʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • When someone tells people what to do
      • Describes the way you are going, e.g. North
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • drain

      US /dren/

      UK /dreɪn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Hole or pipe that water, waste etc. flows into
      • Something that depletes resources or energy.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To empty or remove liquid from
      • To use up the energy/ money/power of something
      B1
      More
    • electrical

      US /ɪˈlektrɪkl/

      UK /ɪˈlektrɪkl/

      • Adjective
      • Related or connected to electricity
      • Skilled in working with electricity.
      A2
      More
    • emotional

      US /ɪˈmoʃənəl/

      UK /ɪˈməʊʃənl/

      • Adjective
      • Causing, feeling, or appealing to the emotions
      • Relating to or characterized by emotion
      A2
      More
    • exciting

      US /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/

      UK /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause a reaction; make active
      • To make someone feel happy, interested or eager
      • Adjective
      • Creating interest, happiness or pleasurable fear
      • Full of action, thrills, or creating suspense.
      A2
      More
    • feel like

      US

      UK

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To have a desire or inclination for something.
      • To have a particular quality or sensation; resemble.
      A1
      More
    • go away

      US /ɡo əˈwe/

      UK /ɡəu əˈwei/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To go on vacation
      • To leave; depart.
      A1
      More
    • groan

      US /groʊn/

      UK /grəʊn/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To make a deep sound from despair, pain etc.
      • Noun
      • Deep sound from the throat from despair, pain etc.
      B1
      More
    • habit

      US /ˈhæbɪt/

      UK /'hæbɪt/

      • Noun
      • Loose clothing like a cloak, worn by monks, nuns
      • Usual way of behaving; something often repeated
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • hook

      US /hʊk/

      UK /hʊk/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Bent tool used to catch fish or to hang things on
      • The start of a story which catches your interest
      • Transitive Verb
      • To make a bent or curved shape
      • To catch your interest completely
      B1
      More
    • in reaction to

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • As a response to something.
      A1
      More
    • in the dark

      US /ɪn ði dɑrk/

      UK /in ðə dɑ:k/

      • Adjective
      • Uninformed about something; unaware.
      • Phrase
      • In a state of secrecy or ignorance.
      • In a place with little or no light.
      A1
      More
    • in the meantime

      US /ɪn ði ˈminˌtaɪm/

      UK /in ðə ˈmi:ntaim/

      • Phrase
      • During the time between two events; meanwhile.
      A1
      More
    • info

      US /ˈɪnfoʊ/

      UK /ˈɪnfəʊ/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Shortened form of the word 'information'
      B2
      More
    • insomnia

      US /ɪnˈsɑ:mniə/

      UK /ɪnˈsɒmniə/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Inability to sleep for many nights
      • A specific instance or occurrence of sleeplessness.
      C1
      More
    • lack

      US /læk/

      UK /læk/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To not have, or not have enough, of something
      • Uncountable Noun
      • The state of not having or not having enough of
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • legitimate

      US /ləˈdʒɪtəmɪt/

      UK /lɪ'dʒɪtɪmət/

      • Adjective
      • Being born to legally married parents
      • Being reasonable and sound
      • Transitive Verb
      • To make acceptable and sound
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • magnetic

      US /mæɡˈnɛtɪk/

      UK /mægˈnetɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Having the properties of a magnet; able to attract
      • Having great power to attract attention, interest
      B2
      More
    • match

      US /mætʃ/

      UK /mætʃ/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To equal or be as good as something else
      • To work well or look good with something else
      • Noun
      • Something that is equal to or the same as another
      • Small stick you strike to light a fire candle etc.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • memory

      US /ˈmɛməri/

      UK /'memərɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Ability of the mind to call back past things
      • Space for the storage of information on a computer
      A2
      More
    • motor

      US /ˈmotɚ/

      UK /ˈməʊtə(r)/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning cars and vehicles
      • Concerned with or involving movement of muscles
      • Noun
      • An engine that drives a car, train etc.
      A2
      More
    • objectively

      US /əbˈdʒɛktɪvlɪ/

      UK /əb'dʒektɪvlɪ/

      • Adverb
      • In an open-minded way; without prejudice
      • In a way that is based on facts and not influenced by personal beliefs or feelings; realistically.
      B1
      More
    • off balance

      US /ɔf ˈbæləns/

      UK /ɔf ˈbæləns/

      • Adjective
      • In a state of being unsteady or unstable; lacking equilibrium.
      • In a state of being disturbed or unsettled; lacking composure or emotional stability.
      B2
      More
    • overly

      US /ˈoʊvərli/

      UK /ˈəʊvəli/

      • Adverb
      • To a degree exceeding normal or proper limits
      B2
      More
    • physical

      US /ˈfɪzɪkəl/

      UK /ˈfɪzɪkl/

      • Countable Noun
      • Health check at the doctors' or hospital
      • Adjective
      • Concerning the body of a person
      • Concerning things that can be seen or touched
      A2
      More
    • physiological

      US /ˌfɪziəˈlɑdʒɪkəl/

      UK /ˌfɪzɪə'lɒdʒɪkl/

      • Adjective
      • Of or relating to functions of the body
      • Consistent with the normal functioning of an organism.
      B1
      More
    • plastic

      US /ˈplæstɪk/

      UK /'plæstɪk/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Stiff but usually flexible man-made material
      • Adjective
      • Being easily formed or shaped
      A2
      More
    • plasticity

      US /plæˈstɪsətɪ/

      UK /plæˈstɪsəti/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Property of being able to physically bend
      • Ability of the brain to adapt and change
      B1
      More
    • retain

      US /rɪˈten/

      UK /rɪ'teɪn/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To continue to have or use; keep the quality of
      • To keep one thing inside another for a time
      A2
      More
    • rotten

      US /ˈrɑtn/

      UK /'rɒtn/

      • Adjective
      • Gone bad; broken into pieces through dying
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • safe

      US /sef/

      UK /seɪf/

      • Adjective
      • Highly likely
      • Being out of danger
      • Countable Noun
      • Metal box with a lock to keep valuable things in
      A2
      More
    • shock

      US /ʃɑ:k/

      UK /ʃɒk/

      • Noun
      • The passage of an electricity through the body
      • Sudden bad feeling caused by something unexpected
      • Transitive Verb
      • To affect someone with an electrical current
      • To cause great surprise, horror, or anger
      A2
      More
    • stimulation

      US /ˌstɪmjʊ'leɪʃn/

      UK /ˌstɪmjʊ'leɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Arousal of interest or emotions
      B1
      More
    • straight

      US /stret/

      UK /streɪt/

      • Adjective
      • Not having curves, bends, or angles
      • Not gay; heterosexual
      • Adverb
      • in a line; immediately; honestly and directly
      • In a straight line; directly.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • stress

      US / strɛs/

      UK /stres/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To emphasize one or more parts of a word, sentence
      • To put pressure on something or someone
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Emphasis on part of a word or sentence
      • Pressure on something or someone
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • suffer

      US / ˈsʌfɚ/

      UK /'sʌfə(r)/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To experience pain, illness, or injury
      • To allow or permit something, especially something unpleasant.
      A2
      More
    • suffer from

      US /ˈsʌfɚ frʌm/

      UK /ˈsʌfə frɔm/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To experience pain or distress; to be badly affected by.
      A1
      More
    • symptom

      US /ˈsɪmtəm, ˈsɪmp-/

      UK /'sɪmptəm/

      • Noun
      • Sign that suggests that there is a problem
      B1
      More
    • thumb

      US /θʌm/

      UK /θʌm/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To use your thumb to request a ride in a car
      • Countable Noun
      • Part of a glove that goes over the thumb
      • The short, thick finger on the side of your hand
      B1
      More
    • thumbs up

      US

      UK

      • Noun
      • A gesture of approval or agreement, indicated by holding a fist with the thumb extended upwards.
      • A positive rating or vote on social media or online platforms.
      • Noun (plural)
      • Multiple gestures of approval or agreement made by extending the thumbs upward.
      A1
      More
    • tired

      US /ˈtaɪərd/

      UK /ˈtaɪəd/

      • Adjective
      • Without energy so you want to rest or fall asleep
      • Transitive Verb
      • To lose, cause to lose energy so you want to rest
      B1
      More
    • tweet

      US /twit/

      UK /twi:t/

      • Noun
      • Weak chirping sound as of a small bird
      • Message sent to Twitter
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To make a weak chirping sound as of a small bird
      B1
      More
    • unable

      US /ʌnˈebəl/

      UK /ʌnˈeɪbl/

      • Adjective
      • Not being able to do something
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • used to

      US /juzd tu/

      UK /ˈju:st tə/

      • Adjective
      • Did regularly before, but don't do now
      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Have done before, but do not do now
      A1
      More
    • versa

      US /'vɜ:sə/

      UK /'vɜ:sə/

      • Adverb
      • used to say that what you have just said is also true in the opposite order
      C1
      More
    • vice

      US /ˌvaɪ.sə/

      UK /ˌvaɪs/

      • Noun
      • used as part of the title of particular positions. The person who holds one of these positions is next below in authority to the person who holds the full position and can act for them
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • a moral fault or weakness in someone's character
      • illegal and immoral activities, especially involving illegal sex, drugs, etc.
      B2
      More
    • video

      US /ˈvɪdiˌo/

      UK /'vɪdɪəʊ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Recording capturing action with sound
      • A recording of moving visual images made digitally or on videotape.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To make a moving film of, with sound
      • To make a video call.
      A2
      More
    • weird

      US /wɪrd/

      UK /wɪəd/

      • Adjective
      • Odd or unusual; surprising; strange
      • Eerily strange or disturbing.
      B1
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    80
    B1US
    #insomnia#brain#sleep#cortex#motor#stimulation

    What Makes Insomniac Brains Different?

    0
    張育崧 posted on 2016/10/23
    Ever wondered why some brains just can't switch off at night? This fascinating video dives into the science behind insomnia, exploring how our brains differ and touching on cutting-edge treatments like transcranial magnetic stimulation. You'll pick up some advanced vocabulary related to sleep research and neuroplasticity, making it a great way to boost your English while learning something new!

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