and the slogan was From Was to Still.

我知道這場講座是活動的一部分

And I am illustrating Still.

活動標語是「從『曾經』到『延續』」

Which, of course, I am not agreeing with because,

而我是「延續」的長青代表

although I am 94, I am not still working.

當然，我並不同意這個題目

And anybody who asks me, "Are you still doing this or that?"

雖然我已經94歲了，不表示我是「繼續」工作

I don't answer because I'm not doing things still, I'm doing it like I always did.

如果有人問我「你還繼續工作嗎?」

I still have -- or did I use the word still? I didn't mean that.

我並不回答，因為我並不是「延續」我以前做的事，而是我就和以前的我一樣

(Laughter)

我還繼續 -- 我剛剛是用了「繼續」這個詞嗎? 我不是這個意思

I have my file which is called To Do. I have my plans.

(笑聲)

I have my clients. I am doing my work like I always did.

我有我待辦的任務，我有我的計畫

So this takes care of my age.

我有我的客戶。我一如往常地做這份工作。

I want to show you my work so you know what I am doing and why I am here.

這讓我能像以前一樣充滿活力

This was about 1925.

我將呈現我的作品，讓你們了解我的工作以及我到這裡分享的原因

All of these things were made during the last 75 years.

這是發表於1925年

(Laughter)

這些作品都是發表於...過去75年

(Applause)

(笑聲)

But, of course, I'm working since 25,

(掌聲)

doing more or less what you see here. This is Castleton China.

不過當然，我從25歲就開始設計

This was an exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art.

所做的差不多如你們這裡所見到的。這是卡斯爾頓瓷器

This is now for sale at the Metropolitan Museum.

它曾經是現代藝術博物館的展覽品

This is still at the Metropolitan Museum now for sale.

現在則陳列在大都會藝術博物館販售

This is a portrait of my daughter and myself.

它現在還在那裡待價而沽

(Applause)

這是仿擬女兒和我的模樣

These were just some of the things I've made.

(掌聲)

I made hundreds of them for the last 75 years.

這些只是我的作品中的一部分

I call myself a maker of things.

在過去75年，我創作了上百個作品

I don't call myself an industrial designer because I'm other things.

我稱自己為這些作品的「創作者」

Industrial designers want to make novel things.

我不會稱自己為「工藝設計師」，因為我不太一樣

Novelty is a concept of commerce, not an aesthetic concept.

工藝設計師想要做出新奇的東西

The industrial design magazine, I believe, is called "Innovation."

「新奇」是商業的概念，而不是美學的概念

Innovation is not part of the aim of my work.

有本工藝設計的雜誌，我記得是叫作「創新」

Well, makers of things: they make things more beautiful, more elegant,

但創新並非我設計的目的

more comfortable than just the craftsmen do.

所謂創作者，相較於那些工匠的作品，他們創作的東西更漂亮

I have so much to say. I have to think what I am going to say.

更優雅、更舒適

Well, to describe our profession otherwise,

我有好多話想說。我必須要想想我現在要說什麼

we are actually concerned with the playful search for beauty.

換個方式描述我們的專業

That means the playful search for beauty was called the first activity of Man.

我們實際上關心的是，對於美麗事物的玩樂探索

Sarah Smith, who was a mathematics professor at MIT, wrote,

這意味著，對美的玩樂探索，即是人類發展的第一個活動

"The playful search for beauty was Man's first activity --

Sarah Smith，一位麻省理工的數學教授，寫道

that all useful qualities and all material qualities

「人類的第一個活動，就是對於美麗事物的玩耍探索 --

were developed from the playful search for beauty."

任何實用的價值和任何物質的價值

These are tiles. The word, "playful" is a necessary aspect of our work

都是源自於此。」

because, actually, one of our problems is that we have to make,

這些就是設計的基石。這個字，「玩」，是我們這行的必備

produce, lovely things throughout all of life, and this for me is now 75 years.

因為，我們最大的挑戰就是我們必須

So how can you, without drying up,

創作出討人喜愛的東西，費盡畢生心力。而對我來說，「畢生」已經是75年了

make things with the same pleasure, as a gift to others, for so long?

所以你如何才能避免創意枯竭

The playful is therefore an important part of our quality as designer.

源源不絕地用同樣的熱情創作，每次都像是給心儀的人禮物般，永不疲倦?

Let me tell you some about my life.

所以，玩心是設計者素質高下的要素

As I said, I started to do these things 75 years ago.

我來談談我的人生吧

My first exhibition in the United States

如同我剛剛所說的，我已經從業75年

was at the Sesquicentennial exhibition in 1926 --

我在美國第一次有作品展出

that the Hungarian government sent one of my hand-drawn pieces as part of the exhibit.

是1926年，美國獨立150周年特展 --

My work actually took me through many countries,

匈牙利政府提供了一件我的手繪作品參展

and showed me a great part of the world.

我的作品帶領我環遊各國

This is not that they took me -- the work didn't take me --

讓我見識世界

I made the things particularly because I wanted to use them to see the world.

這不是指它們真的帶領我 -- 我的作品並沒有「帶著」我 --

I was incredibly curious to see the world, and I made all these things,

我創作這些作品，是因為我希望透過它們看看世界

which then finally did take me to see many countries and many cultures.

我對世界充滿好奇，於是我做出這些作品

I started as an apprentice to a Hungarian craftsman,

它們也真的引領我去認識許多國家和文化

and this taught me what the guild system was in Middle Ages.

我剛入行時，是拜一位匈牙利師傅為師

The guild system: that means when I was an apprentice,

這讓我領略到，中世紀時手工業的行規

I had to apprentice myself in order to become a pottery master.

行規指的是，當我還是個學徒

In my shop where I studied, or learned, there was a traditional hierarchy

我必須拜師學藝，以成為一個陶器師傅

of master, journeyman and learned worker, and apprentice,

在我受訓求學的工房，有著傳統的師徒階級制

and I worked as the apprentice.

分作師傅、資深工藝師、學長和學徒

The work as an apprentice was very primitive.

而我當時還只是個學徒

That means I had to actually learn every aspect of making pottery by hand.

一個學徒要做的事情是很原始粗重的

We mashed the clay with our feet when it came from the hillside.

意思是，我必須親手操作每一個製作陶器的流程

After that, it had to be kneaded. It had to then go in, kind of, a mangle.

我們用的黏土來自山上，先經過腳踩

And then finally it was prepared for the throwing.

接著揉捏，然後經過壓榨機處理

And there I really worked as an apprentice.

最後就是拋摔

My master took me to set ovens

這些就是我作為學徒所要做的事

because this was part of oven-making, oven-setting, in the time.

我的師父還會領我去搭建窯爐

And finally, I had received a document

當時這是學徒一定要做的

that I had accomplished my apprenticeship successfully,

最後，我領到一份證書

that I had behaved morally, and this document was given to me

證明我已順利完成我的學徒訓練

by the Guild of Roof-Coverers, Rail-Diggers, Oven-Setters,

並學習不倦、尊師重道，就可以得到這份證書

Chimney Sweeps and Potters.

授予我證書的權威代表，包括鋪設屋頂的工人、鐵路工人、搭建烤爐的工人

(Laughter)

清理煙囪的工人，以及燒陶師傅

I also got at the time a workbook which explained my rights

(笑聲)

and my working conditions, and I still have that workbook.

我當時還收到一本手冊，說明學徒的權利

First I set up a shop in my own garden,

以及工作待遇。這本手冊，直到現在我都還留著

and made pottery which I sold on the marketplace in Budapest.

學徒畢業後，我先在自己的庭院裡設立一個工作室

And there I was sitting, and my then-boyfriend --

然後在布達佩斯販售我的陶藝作品

I didn't mean it was a boyfriend like it is meant today --

我坐在那裡，而我當時的男友 --

but my boyfriend and I sat at the market and sold the pots.

我所說的男友，並不是今天大家所講的那種「男友」 --

My mother thought that this was not very proper,

我的男友和我一起坐在市場攤位，販售陶器

so she sat with us to add propriety to this activity.

我母親認為這不太妥當

(Laughter)

所以她也來和我們坐在一起，讓這一切「妥當」一點

However, after a while there was a new factory being built in Budapest,

(笑聲)

a pottery factory, a large one.

好景不常，沒多久布達佩斯就出現了一座新的工廠

And I visited it with several ladies, and asked all sorts of questions of the director.

一座陶器工廠，好大一座

Then the director asked me, why do you ask all these questions?

我和幾個女孩子一起去參觀，纏著工廠的主任問個不停

I said, I also have a pottery.

那個主任就反問我，為什麼對這些事情這麼好奇?

So he asked me, could he please visit me, and then finally he did,

我回答，因為我也有座工房

and explained to me that what I did now in my shop was an anachronism,

他詢問我是否能拜訪我的工作室，他也真的來了

that the industrial revolution had broken out,

並且向我解釋，說像我這樣的工作模式已經落伍了

and that I rather should join the factory.

工業時代已經來臨

There he made an art department for me where I worked for several months.

我應該要加入工廠的行列

However, everybody in the factory spent his time at the art department.

於是他為我創立了一個藝術部門，我也在那裡工作了幾個月

The director there said there were several women casting

然而，工廠內的每個人都開始花時間在藝術組的任務上

and producing my designs now in molds, and this was sold also to America.

主任說，有幾個女工在...鑄造

I remember that it was quite successful.

鑄模來製造我的設計作品，並銷到美國

However, the director, the chemist, model maker -- everybody --

我記得在當時還蠻成功的

concerned himself much more with the art department --

可是，無論是主任、化學研究員、製模工人等 -- 工廠裡的每個人 --

that means, with my work -- than making toilets,

都以為自己是藝術組的一員 --

so finally they got a letter from the center, from the bank who owned the factory,

以為我設計的作品也是他們的作品 -- 而自己不再是製造馬桶的成員

saying, make toilet-setting behind the art department, and that was my end.

後來他們就收到總部寄來的消息，是擁有公司所有權的銀行寄發的

So this gave me the possibility because now I was a journeyman,

內容說到，把藝術組歸到馬桶裝設組的管理麾下，於是這也成為我這份工作的句點。

and journeymen also take their satchel and go to see the world.

這樣讓我在成為資深工藝師之後，

So as a journeyman, I put an ad into the paper that I had studied,

有機會帶著行囊去巡訪世界。

that I was a down-to-earth potter's journeyman

我在報上登了一則廣告，簡介我的資深工藝師身分、學歷

and I was looking for a job as a journeyman.

說明我是一個穩紮穩打的陶藝師

And I got several answers, and I accepted the one

希望尋找一份資深工藝師的職務

which was farthest from home and practically, I thought, halfway to America.

我得到一些回音，並且接受了其中一個工作

And that was in Hamburg.

它的位置距離我家最遠，而且在我心目中，那幾乎是從家裡到美國路途的一半

Then I first took this job in Hamburg, at an art pottery

它位於德國漢堡

where everything was done on the wheel,

我在這間位於漢堡的陶藝工房工作

and so I worked in a shop where there were several potters.

在這裡，所有的作品都是在轆轤上操作

And the first day, I was coming to take my place at the turntable --

我與其他幾個工藝師一起工作

there were three or four turntables -- and one of them, behind where I was sitting,

上工第一天，我正要選擇要使用的轆轤 --

was a hunchback, a deaf-mute hunchback, who smelled very bad.

總共大概有三到四個 --發現其中一個陶藝師在我身後

So I doused him in cologne every day, which he thought was very nice,

他是個駝子，既聾又啞，還散發濃濃臭味

and therefore he brought bread and butter every day,

於是我每天朝他噴灑古龍水，他也感到很開心

which I had to eat out of courtesy.

作為回報，他每天買了麵包和奶油來

The first day I came to work in this shop

我也很禮貌地吃了

there was on my wheel a surprise for me.

我工作的第一天

My colleagues had thoughtfully put on the wheel where I was supposed to work

有個驚喜在我的轤轆上等著我

a very nicely modeled natural man's organs.

我的同事們在我要用來工作的轤轆上，貼心地擺上

(Laughter)

一個非常逼真的陽具模型

After I brushed them off with a hand motion, they were very --

(笑聲)

I finally was now accepted, and worked there for some six months.

在我手一揮把它拍開後，他們感到非常 --

This was my first job.

我終於被他們接納，在那裡工作了約六個月

If I go on like this, you will be here till midnight.

這就是我的第一份工作

(Laughter)

如果我繼續用這樣的進度講故事，你們到半夜都走不了

(Applause)

(笑聲)

So I will try speed it up a little

(掌聲)

(Laughter)

所以我會試著加快一點

Moderator: Eva, we have about five minutes.

(笑聲)

(Laughter)

主持人：Eva，我們大概只剩五分鐘

Eva Zeisel: Are you sure?

(笑聲)

Moderator: Yes, I am sure.

Eva Zeisel: 你是認真的嗎?

EZ: Well, if you are sure,

主持人：對，我很確定

I have to tell you that within five minutes I will talk very fast.

EZ：好吧，如果你確定的話

And actually, my work took me to many countries

我必須告訴你們，在接下來的五分鐘我會講得非常快

because I used my work to fill my curiosity.

事實上，我的工作讓我造訪了許多國家

And among other things, other countries I worked, was in the Soviet Union,

我藉由工作滿足我的好奇心

where I worked from '32 to '37 -- actually, to '36.

在這些作品、這些旅居過的國家中，我曾在蘇聯工作

I was finally there, although I had nothing to do -- I was a foreign expert.

從1932到1937年 -- 應該是1936年

I became art director of the china and glass industry,

我終於到了蘇聯，雖然我也沒有特殊的期待或目的 -- 我算是外國專家

and eventually under Stalin's purges -- at the beginning of Stalin's purges,

在那裡擔任陶瓷和玻璃工業的藝術總監

I didn't know that hundreds of thousands of innocent people were arrested.

後來在史達林的整肅之下 -- 史達林剛開始實施整肅運動時

So I was arrested quite early in Stalin's purges,

我並不知道成千上萬的無辜民眾被銬上手撩

and spent 16 months in a Russian prison.

所以在大整肅期間，我是最早被逮捕的其中一人

The accusation was that I had successfully prepared an Attentat on Stalin's life.

在俄國監獄蹲了16個月

This was a very dangerous accusation.

我的罪名是，預謀行刺史達林

And if this is the end of my five minutes, I want to tell you that

這是很嚴重的指控

I actually did survive, which was a surprise.

如果這是我演講的最後5分鐘，我想要分享這件事

But since I survived and I'm here,

我很訝異自己後來竟大難不死

and since this is the end of the five minutes, I will --

不過既然我度過這個難關，來到了這裡

Moderator: Tell me when your last trip to Russia was.

既然這是最後五分鐘，我要 --

Weren't you there recently?

主持人：請告訴我們妳最近一次到俄國是什麼時候

EZ: Oh, this summer, in fact,

好像最近才去過?

the Lomonosov factory was bought by an American company, invited me.

EZ：噢事實上，是今年夏天

They found out that I had worked in '33 at this factory,

羅蒙諾索夫工廠被一間美商買下，他們邀請我過去

and they came to my studio in Rockland County,

他們得知我曾於1933年在羅蒙諾索夫工作過

and brought the 15 of their artists to visit me here.

他們來到我在羅克蘭縣的工作室

And they invited myself to come to the Russian factory last summer,

帶著他們的15位藝術家來拜訪我

in July, to make some dishes, design some dishes.

並邀請我於隔年夏天去參訪他們

And since I don't like to travel alone, they also invited my daughter,

七月份的時候，去設計一些杯盤餐具

son-in-law and granddaughter,

因為我不愛一個人旅行，所以他們也一併邀請我的女兒

so we had a lovely trip to see Russia today,

女婿和孫女

which is not a very pleasant and happy view.

所以我們全家有個愉快的旅程，看到了今日的俄國

Here I am now, if this is the end? Thank you.

那不是一個快樂和諧的景象

(Applause)

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