And by that, I mean

我是大衛•漢森，我建造具有人格的機器人。

that I develop robots that are characters,

而我指的是，

but also robots that will eventually

我研製出的機器人具有個性，

come to empathize with you.

也是個最終

So we're starting with a variety of technologies

會跟你產生共鳴的機器人。

that have converged into these conversational character robots

所以我們從許多不同的科技開始，

that can see faces, make eye contact with you,

這些科技造就了具人格並懂得對話的機器人，

make a full range of facial expressions, understand speech

它們看得到臉，也會跟你有眼神上的交流，

and begin to model how you're feeling

還會做許多種臉部表情，也懂得對話，

and who you are, and build a relationship with you.

並且開始仿傚你的感覺，

I developed a series of technologies

了解你是誰，並與你建立關係。

that allowed the robots to make more realistic facial expressions

我發展了一系列的科技，

than previously achieved, on lower power,

讓機器人做出栩栩如生的臉部表情，

which enabled the walking biped robots, the first androids.

比起先前類似的成果，使用較低的電力，

So, it's a full range of facial expressions

這造就了第一代的人型機器人，兩隻腳的機器人。

simulating all the major muscles in the human face,

這個機器人有著相當多的臉部表情，

running on very small batteries,

仿效著人類臉上的所有主要肌肉，

extremely lightweight.

可以靠很小的電池運作，

The materials that allowed the battery-operated facial expressions

極度輕薄。

is a material that we call Frubber,

讓這電池驅動的臉部表情成真的材料，

and it actually has three major innovations

是我們叫作 Frubber 的材料，

in the material that allow this to happen.

這材料有著三種主要創新，

One is hierarchical pores,

讓這項科技得以實現。

and the other is a macro-molecular nanoscale porosity in the material.

一個是階層式毛孔。

There he's starting to walk.

另一個則是材料中的巨分子奈米孔徑。

This is at the Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology.

這是機器人開始在走路。

I built the head. They built the body.

這地點在韓國高等科學技術學院。

So the goal here is to achieve sentience in machines,

我做了頭部，他們則做了身體。

and not just sentience, but empathy.

我的目標是透過機器表達感覺，

We're working with the Machine Perception Laboratory

不只是感覺，神情上也是。

at the U.C. San Diego.

我們和加州大學聖地牙哥分校 (UCSD)

They have this really remarkable facial expression technology

的機械感知實驗室 (MPL) 合作。

that recognizes facial expressions,

他們具有這項了不起的臉部表情科技，

what facial expressions you're making.

認得各種臉部表情，

It also recognizes where you're looking, your head orientation.

你所作的各種表情。

We're emulating all the major facial expressions,

它還分辨得出你在往哪看，還有你頭的動向。

and then controlling it with the software

我們模仿所有主要的臉部表情，

that we call the Character Engine.

再用「表情引擎」這個軟體

And here is a little bit of the technology that's involved in that.

控制機器人。

In fact, right now -- plug it from here, and then plug it in here,

這是以上這些科技的小小展示。

and now let's see if it gets my facial expressions.

事實上，現在，從這邊插插頭，再從這邊插入，

Okay. So I'm smiling.

現在我們來看看，它是否讀得到我的臉部表情。

(Laughter)

OK. 所以我正在微笑。

Now I'm frowning.

（笑聲）

And this is really heavily backlit.

現在我在皺眉頭。

Okay, here we go.

這裡的背光相當嚴重。

Oh, it's so sad.

好，可以了。

Okay, so you smile, frowning.

噢，它真難過。

So his perception of your emotional states

OK，當你微笑和皺眉頭時。

is very important for machines to effectively become empathetic.

它對你情緒狀態的察覺是很重要的，

Machines are becoming devastatingly capable

這讓機器人可以有效地仿效你的情感。

of things like killing. Right?

機器現在變得具有毀滅性的力量，

Those machines have no place for empathy.

像是殺戮，對吧？

And there is billions of dollars being spent on that.

那些機器沒有情感。

Character robotics could plant the seed

人們卻耗費數十億元在那上頭。

for robots that actually have empathy.

我們可以用情感機器人做個開端，

So, if they achieve human level intelligence

使未來機器人真的能具有同理心。

or, quite possibly, greater than human levels of intelligence,

所以，如果它們有人類般的智慧，

this could be the seeds of hope for our future.

或甚至有可能，比人類的智慧要來得高，

So, we've made 20 robots in the last eight years, during the course of getting my Ph.D.

這有可能是我們未來希望的開端。

And then I started Hanson Robotics,

過去八年，在我攻讀博士期間，我們完成了二十個機器人。

which has been developing these things for mass manufacturing.

接著我創立了漢森機器科學公司，

This is one of our robots

為的是大規模生產研發這些科技。

that we showed at Wired NextFest a couple of years ago.

這是我們生產的機器人中的一個，

And it sees multiple people in a scene,

我們幾年前在連線雜誌 (Wired) 所舉辦的發明大展 (NextFest) 中展示過。

remembers where individual people are,

它能同時辨認許多不同的人，

and looks from person to person, remembering people.

記得每個人所在的位置，

So, we're involving two things.

在人與人間來回注視著，並記得他們。

One, the perception of people,

我們談的有兩件事。

and two, the natural interface,

一個是人的知覺。

the natural form of the interface,

另一個是自然的介面，

so that it's more intuitive for you to interact with the robot.

介面原本應有的樣子，

You start to believe that it's alive and aware.

所以你跟機器人互動是更直觀的。

So one of my favorite projects was bringing all this stuff together

你開始相信機器人是有生命並有意識的。

in an artistic display of an android portrait

所以我最喜歡的主題之一，就是把這些結合起來，

of science-fiction writer Philip K. Dick,

用一種藝術性的展示，

who wrote great works like, "Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?"

秀出科幻小說作家菲利普•狄克筆下的機器人，

which was the basis of the movie "Bladerunner."

他曾寫出像「機器人是否會夢見機器羊？」這樣精采的作品，

In these stories, robots often think

電影「銀翼殺手」就是依此小說擴建而來的。

that they're human, and they sort of come to life.

在這些故事裡，機器人常常會覺得

So we put his writings, letters,

他們是人類。而且他們總是會獲得生命。

his interviews, correspondences,

所以我們把他的作品、信件、

into a huge database of thousands of pages,

他的訪問、書函，

and then used some natural language processing

集結成上千頁的資料庫，

to allow you to actually have a conversation with him.

接著再用一些自然的語言處理，

And it was kind of spooky, because he would say these things

讓你真的可以和他對話。

that just sounded like they really understood you.

這還真的有點嚇人。因為他會說些事，

And this is one of the most exciting projects that we're developing,

就好像它們真的懂你。

which is a little character that's a spokesbot

這正是我們在發展最令人興奮的計畫之一，

for friendly artificial intelligence, friendly machine intelligence.

這是個小角色，一個小機器人，

And we're getting this mass-manufactured.

目的是研發友善的人工智慧，友善的機械智慧。

We specked it out to actually be doable

我們正在大規模生產這個產品。

with a very, very low-cost bill of materials,

我們知道這是真的做得到的，

so that it can become a childhood companion for kids.

用一種相當低成本的材料，

Interfacing with the Internet, it gets smarter over the years.

這就可以成為孩子童年的夥伴。

As artificial intelligence evolves, so does his intelligence.

接上網路，經過歲月，機器人會變得更聰明。

Chris Anderson: Thank you so much. That's incredible.

在人工智慧演化的同時，這機器人的智慧也會演化。

(Applause)

克里斯•安德森：很謝謝你！真的是太了不起了！