and open your hands.

請各位閉上眼睛

Now imagine what you could place in your hands:

把手掌打開

an apple, maybe your wallet.

想想看你手上可以放什麼?

Now open your eyes.

蘋果，還是錢包？

What about a life?

請張開眼睛

What you see here is a premature baby.

如果放個小生命在手上呢

He looks like he's resting peacefully, but in fact he's struggling to stay alive

這是個早產兒

because he can't regulate his own body temperature.

他看似睡的安穩，但其實正掙扎求生

This baby is so tiny he doesn't have

因為他沒辦法控制自己的體溫

enough fat on his body to stay warm.

這個嬰兒還太小

Sadly, 20 million babies like this

沒有足夠的體脂肪保持體溫

are born every year around the world.

令人傷心的是，每年有兩千萬這樣的嬰兒

Four million of these babies die annually.

出生在世界上

But the bigger problem is that the ones who do survive

而當中每年死亡數目是四百萬

grow up with severe, long-term health problems.

更糟的是

The reason is because in the first month of a baby's life,

活下來的嬰兒都有嚴重的後遺症

its only job is to grow.

因為嬰兒出生第一個月

If it's battling hypothermia, its organs can't develop normally,

都該努力成長

resulting in a range of health problems

如果體溫過低，嬰兒就沒辦法正常發育

from diabetes, to heart disease,

造成許多健康問題

to low I.Q.

像是糖尿病，心臟病

Imagine: Many of these problems could be prevented

還有智能不足

if these babies were just kept warm.

這些問題都可以避免

That is the primary function of an incubator.

只要能讓這些嬰兒保持溫暖

But traditional incubators require electricity

保溫箱就是要讓嬰兒保暖

and cost up to 20 thousand dollars.

但傳統保溫箱必須插電

So, you're not going to find them in rural areas of developing countries.

而且要價將近台幣七十萬

As a result, parents resort to local solutions

所以發展中國家的鄉間地區根本找不到保溫箱

like tying hot water bottles around their babies' bodies,

因此早產兒的父母只好用當地的辦法

or placing them under light bulbs like the ones you see here --

像是用熱水瓶繞著嬰兒的身體

methods that are both ineffective and unsafe.

或像圖片這樣，把嬰兒放在燈泡下面

I've seen this firsthand over and over again.

這些方法沒什麼用，又不安全

On one of my first trips to India, I met this young woman, Sevitha,

我親眼證實，好幾次都是這樣

who had just given birth to a tiny premature baby, Rani.

我去印度的時候，遇到這位年輕婦女Sevitha

She took her baby to the nearest village clinic,

她剛生的早產兒名叫Rani

and the doctor advised her to take Rani

她帶Rani到村裡最近的診所

to a city hospital so she could be placed in an incubator.

醫生叫她帶Rani去城裡的醫院

But that hospital was over four hours away,

那裏才有保溫箱

and Sevitha didn't have the means to get there,

但去醫院的路程要四個小時

so her baby died.

Sevitha也沒辦法去

Inspired by this story, and dozens of other similar stories like this,

Rani因此夭折

my team and I realized what was needed was a local solution,

由於這件事和其他許多類似的事

something that could work without electricity,

我們團隊了解，必須想出當地的解決方法

that was simple enough for a mother or a midwife to use,

因地制宜又不用電的方法

given that the majority of births still take place in the home.

又要簡便，讓母親和接生婆都會用

We needed something that was portable,

因為大多數嬰兒還是在家裡出生的

something that could be sterilized and reused across multiple babies

這個解決工具要能帶著走

and something ultra-low-cost,

能消毒後再給其他嬰兒使用

compared to the 20,000 dollars

價格又要壓到最低

that an incubator in the U.S. costs.

起碼要低於

So, this is what we came up with.

台幣七十萬的保溫箱

What you see here looks nothing like an incubator.

而這就是我們的成果

It looks like a small sleeping bag for a baby.

這看起來一點也不像保溫箱

You can open it up completely. It's waterproof.

比較像嬰兒睡袋

There's no seams inside so you can sterilize it very easily.

可以整個打開，這是防水的

But the magic is in this pouch of wax.

裡面沒有接縫，非常容易消毒

This is a phase-change material.

特別的地方在於這一袋蠟

It's a wax-like substance with a melting point

這個袋子裡的物質會改變型態

of human body temperature, 37 degrees Celsius.

像蠟一樣

You can melt this simply using hot water

融點是攝氏37度，相當於人的體溫

and then when it melts it's able to maintain one constant temperature

只要用熱水就可以融解

for four to six hours at a time,

溶解以後就可以保持恆溫

after which you simply reheat the pouch.

每次維持四到六個小時

So, you then place it into this little pocket back here,

凝固後再重新加熱融解就可以了

and it creates a warm micro-environment

把這個袋子放在這後面的小口袋

for the baby.

就能為嬰兒

Looks simple, but we've reiterated this dozens of times

打造溫暖的小天地

by going into the field to talk to doctors, moms and clinicians

看起來簡單，但我們重做了好多次

to ensure that this really meets the needs of the local communities.

徵詢當地醫生和婦女的意見

We plan to launch this product in India in 2010,

確保能滿足當地的需要

and the target price point will be 25 dollars,

產品計劃在2010年於印度上市

less than 0.1 percent of the cost

目標定價台幣875元

of a traditional incubator.

這個價格

Over the next five years we hope to save the lives

不到傳統保溫箱的0.1%

of almost a million babies.

接下來五年，我們希望

But the longer-term social impact is a reduction in population growth.

能拯救一百萬個嬰兒的生命

This seems counterintuitive,

長期來說，更能降低人口成長

but turns out that as infant mortality is reduced,

聽起來好像違背直覺

population sizes also decrease,

但如果嬰兒死亡率降低

because parents don't need to anticipate

人口數也會降低

that their babies are going to die.

因為父母不用怕孩子會夭折

We hope that the Embrace infant warmer

而生太多孩子

and other simple innovations like this

希望這個產品 "溫暖的擁抱"

represent a new trend for the future of technology:

和其他類似的發明

simple, localized, affordable solutions

代表未來科技的新方向

that have the potential to make huge social impact.

簡單，便宜，又符合當地需求

In designing this we followed a few basic principles.

對社會有巨大的影響力

We really tried to understand the end user,

設計這個產品時，我們有幾項原則

in this case, people like Sevitha.

我們努力了解使用者的需求

We tried to understand the root of the problem

也就是Sevitha他們的需求

rather than being biased by what already exists.

我們努力了解問題的根源

And then we thought of the most simple solution we could

不要受現有的東西影響

to address this problem.

並且，我們努力用最簡單的方法

In doing this, I believe we can truly bring technology to the masses.

來解決問題

And we can save millions of lives through the simple warmth of an Embrace.

這樣一來，我相信科技能造福大眾