in all humility,

今天我站在各位的面前，

wanting to share with you

很榮幸地，

my journey of the last six years

想要與你們分享

in the field of service

過去六年來我所經歷

and education.

在服務

And I'm not a trained academic.

以及教育的領域所走過的旅程。

Neither am I a veteran social worker.

我並非受過專業訓練的學術人員，

I was 26 years in the corporate world,

也不是身經百戰的社會工作者。

trying to make organizations profitable.

當時我才26歲，在企業工作，

And then in 2003

努力幫公司賺錢。

I started Parikrma Humanity Foundation

然後，在2003年，

from my kitchen table.

我成立了Parikrma人道基金會，

The first thing that we did was walk through the slums.

一切就從我的廚房桌子上開始。

You know, by the way, there are two million people

我們做的第一件事，是走訪貧民區。

in Bangalore, who live in 800 slums.

對了，你們知道吧，在班加羅爾有800個貧民區，

We couldn't go to all the slums,

住著200萬人。

but we tried to cover as much as we could.

我們沒辦法走訪所有的貧民區，

We walked through these slums,

但是我們盡力而為。

identified houses where children would never go to school.

我們走訪這些貧民區，

We talked to the parents,

找出那些沒有讓孩子去上學的家庭。

tried to convince them about sending their children to school.

我們跟那些父母談，

We played with the children,

努力說服他們讓孩子去上學。

and came back home really tired,

我們和那些孩子們一起玩，

exhausted, but with images

拜訪完回到家，真是累壞了，

of bright faces, twinkling eyes,

累癱了。但是我們都記得

and went to sleep.

孩子們煥發神采的臉龐、閃耀光芒的眼睛，

We were all excited to start,

這樣的影像伴我們入眠。

but the numbers hit us then:

當時我們都熱切地想要開始推動，

200 million children

但任務如此龐大，使我們難以招架。

between four to 14 that

有2億個兒童，

should be going to school, but do not;

年齡在4至14歲之間，

100 million children

本該接受教育，但是卻沒有去上學。

who go to school but cannot read;

有1億個兒童，

125 million who cannot do basic maths.

已經上學，卻沒有學會閱讀，

We also heard that 250 billion Indian rupees

還有1億2千5百萬個兒童不會簡單的數學。

was dedicated for government schooling.

我們還得知，印度政府有兩千五百億盧比

Ninety percent of it was spent on teachers' salary

教育的經費預算，

and administrators' salary.

但其中百分之90都是用來付教師的薪水，

And yet, India has nearly

以及行政人員的薪水。

the highest teacher absenteeism

還有，印度的教師曠職率

in the world,

幾乎是全球

with one out of four teachers

最高的。

not going to school at all the entire academic year.

每四個教師當中，就有一個

Those numbers were absolutely mind-boggling,

一整個學年從未到過學校。

overwhelming, and we were constantly asked,

這樣的數字實在太驚人了，

"When will you start? How many schools will you start?

讓人難以置信。於是一直有人來問我們

How many children will you get?

"你們什麼時候要開始？""會成立幾所學校？"

How are you going to scale?

會收多少個學生？

How are you going to replicate?"

你們會如何推展？

It was very difficult not to get scared, not to get daunted.

你們會如何複製經驗？

But we dug our heels

那時，真的很難不害怕，很難不氣餒。

and said, "We're not in the number game.

但我們堅守初衷，

We want to take one child at a time

告訴自己：我們不以數量或規模為目標。

and take the child right through school,

我們要一個一個地教好孩子，

sent to college,

把孩子送進學校，讓他們接受完整教育，

and get them prepared for better living,

讓他們上大學。

a high value job."

讓他們準備好，去過更好的生活，

So, we started Parikrma.

做有價值的工作。

The first Parikrma school

於是，我們成立了Parikrma，

started in a slum

第一所Parikrma學校是在

where there were 70,000 people

一個貧民區裡成立的

living below the poverty line.

那裡有7萬個居民，

Our first school was

都過著貧窮線以下的生活。

on a rooftop of a building inside the slums,

最初，第一所學校的所在地

a second story building, the only second story building

是在貧民區內一棟建築物的頂樓。

inside the slums.

那是一棟兩層樓建築，也是貧民區裡

And that rooftop did not have

唯一的一棟兩層樓建築。

any ceiling, only half a tin sheet.

而且頂上沒有天花板，

That was our first school. One hundred sixty-five children.

只有一半覆蓋著一層鐵皮。

Indian academic year begins in June.

那就是我們的第一所學校。有165個學童。

So, June it rains, so many a times

在印度，新學年是從六月開始。

all of us would be huddled under the tin roof,

六月常常在下雨，有很多次

waiting for the rain to stop.

我們擠在鐵皮屋頂下躲雨，

My God! What a bonding exercise that was.

等著雨停。

And all of us

天哪，那真是培養感情的好機會。

that were under that roof are still here together today.

當時一起在屋頂下躲雨的我們，

Then came the second school,

到現在都還在一起。

the third school, the fourth school

後來，我們成立了第二所學校，

and a junior college.

第三所學校，第四所學校，

In six years now,

以及一所專科學校。

we have four schools, one junior college,

至今為止，六年來

1,100 children

我們共成立了四所學校，一所專科學校。

coming from 28 slums

共有一千一百個學童。

and four orphanages.

他們來自28個貧民區，以及

(Applause)

4所孤兒院。

Our dream is very simple:

(鼓掌)

to send each of these kids, get them prepared

我們的夢想非常簡單，

to be educated

就是要讓這些孩子準備好，

but also to live peacefully,

去過他們的人生、接受教育，

contented in this conflict-ridden

而且能夠過著安穩的日子，

chaotic globalized world.

在這個充滿衝突、全球化的混亂世界，

Now, when you talk global

能過得自在滿足。

you have to talk English.

好，說到全球化，

And so all our schools

你必須能夠說英語。

are English medium schools.

因此我們的每一所學校

But they know there is this myth

都是用英語教學。

that children from the slums

大家都以為，

cannot speak English well.

這些來自貧民區的孩子

No one in their family has spoken English.

不太會說英語。

No one in their generation has spoken English.

在這些孩子的家中，沒有人是會說英語的。

But how wrong it is.

在他們的同輩當中，也沒有人在說英語。

Girl: I like adventurous books, and some of my favorites

大家都錯了。

are Alfred Hitchcock and [unclear]

影片：女孩：我喜歡看冒險的書，其中我最喜歡的是

and Hardy Boys.

希區考克，還有［語意不清］

Although they are like

還有哈迪男孩（Hardy Boys）。

in different contexts,

這三個很像，但是

one is magical, the other two are like investigation,

故事的背景不一樣。

I like those books because

其中一個是魔幻故事，另外兩個則是偵探故事。

they have something special in them.

我喜歡這些書是因為

The vocabulary used in those books

他們都有很特別的地方，

and the style of writing.

書裡面用的字彙，

I mean like once I pick up one book

還有寫作的方式，

I cannot put it down until I finish the whole book.

我是說，每次我一拿起書來看，

Even if it takes me four and a half hours,

就欲罷不能，非看完不可。

or three and half hours to finish my book, I do it.

即使要花四個半小時，

Boy: I did good research and I got the information

或三個半小時才看得完。我還是會看。

[on the] world's fastest cars.

男孩：我很會做研究。我找到有關全世界

I like Ducati ZZ143,

跑得最快的車的資料。

because it is the fastest,

我喜歡Ducati ZZ143，

the world's fastest bike,

因為它是跑得最快的，

and I like Pulsar 220 DTSI

全世界最快的摩托車。

because it is India's fastest bike. (Laughter)

我喜歡Passat 220 GTSI，

Shukla Bose: Well, that girl that you saw,

因為它是印度跑最快的摩托車。

her father sells flowers on the roadside.

是的，你們剛剛看到的那個女孩，

And this little boy has been coming to school for five years.

她的爸爸是在街頭賣花。

But isn't it strange that little boys all over the world

而這個小男孩已經上學五年了。

love fast bikes? (Laughter)

不過真奇怪，怎麼全世界的小男生

He hasn't seen one, he hasn't ridden one, of course,

都喜歡跑得快的車？

but he has done a lot of research through Google search.

他從來沒看過車子。當然也從來沒騎過，

You know, when we started with our English medium schools

但是他用Google搜尋，做了很多的研究。

we also decided to adopt

在我們成立學校，用英語教學的同時，

the best curriculum possible,

我們也決定要盡可能採用

the ICSE curriculum.

最好的課程。

And again, there were people who laughed at me

印度中等教育認證(ICSE)課程。

and said, "Don't be crazy

然後，同樣地，有人嘲笑我們，

choosing such a tough curriculum for these students.

告訴我們："你們瘋了嗎？

They'll never be able to cope."

竟然用這麼困難的課程來教這些學生？

Not only do our children cope very well,

他們永遠學不會。"

but they excel in it.

結果，我們的學生不但學得會，

You should just come across to see

還學得非常好。

how well our children do.

你們真該來看看

There is also this myth that

我們的孩子學得有多好。

parents from the slums

本來一般人都以為，

are not interested in their children going to school;

貧民區的父母們

they'd much rather put them to work.

並不熱衷讓他們的孩子去上學，

That's absolute hogwash.

他們寧可叫孩子去工作。

All parents all over the world

那絕對是一派胡言。

want their children to lead a better life than themselves,

全世界的為人父母者，

but they need to believe that change is possible.

都希望孩子能夠過得比自己更好。

Video: (Hindi)

但他們得先相信這種改變是可能做到的。

SB: We have 80 percent attendance

影片：(北印度語)

for all our parents-teachers meeting.

蘇克拉‧波絲：我們學校的親師面談，

Sometimes it's even 100 percent,

出席率有八成，

much more than many privileged schools.

有時候甚至可以達到百分之百，

Fathers have started to attend.

比許多明星學校都要好得多。

It's very interesting. When we started our school

學生的父親開始會來參加，

the parents would give thumbprints in the attendance register.

很有趣。記得學校剛成立時，

Now they have started writing their signature.

家長們在出席登記時是蓋指印，

The children have taught them.

現在，他們開始會簽自己的名字，

It's amazing how much children can teach.

這是孩子教他們的。

We have, a few months ago,

孩子能教的東西之多，實在很驚人。

actually late last year,

幾個月前，

we had a few mothers who came to us and said,

事實上就是去年年底，

"You know, we want to learn how to read and write.

有幾個媽媽來找我們，跟我們說：

Can you teach us?" So, we started an afterschool

"我們想要學習讀書和寫字。"

for our parents, for our mothers.

"可以教我們嗎？" 於是我們成立了課後補習班，

We had 25 mothers who came regularly

招收家長，招收媽媽們，

after school to study.

有25位媽媽固定會來，

We want to continue with this program

在學校放學之後來上課。

and extend it to all our other schools.

我們打算繼續推動這樣的課程，

Ninety-eight percent of our fathers are alcoholics.

並且在我們所有的學校都實施。

So, you can imagine how traumatized

我們學生的父親，有百分之98都有酗酒問題。

and how dysfunctional the houses are where our children come from.

所以你可以想像學生們的家庭環境

We have to send the fathers to de-addiction labs

充滿著怎樣的精神創傷，家庭失去了應有的功能。

and when they come back,

我們得把這些酗酒的父親送去戒酒中心。

most times sober, we have to find a job for them

等他們戒了酒，清醒地回到家，

so that they don't regress.

我們得幫他們找工作，

We have about three fathers who have been trained to cook.

這樣他們才不會重蹈覆轍。

We have taught them nutrition, hygiene.

其中有三位父親，接受了廚藝的訓練。

We have helped them set up the kitchen

我們教他們營養學、衛生知識，

and now they are supplying food to all our children.

還協助他們設立廚房，

They do a very good job because

現在他們負責為學校的孩子供應餐點。

their children are eating their food,

他們做得非常好，因為

but most importantly this is the first time

他們的孩子願意吃他們準備的餐點。

they have got respect,

不過，更重要的是，這是他們第一次

and they feel that they are doing something worthwhile.

獲得敬重，

More than 90 percent of our non-teaching staff

而且他們感到自己做的事有價值。

are all parents and extended families.

在我們學校，教師以外的職員有九成以上

We've started many programs

是學生的父母或親戚。

just to make sure that the child comes to school.

我們開設了許多課程，

Vocational skill program for the older siblings

確保孩子們來上學。

so the younger ones are not stopped from coming to school.

年紀較長的學生可以上職業技能訓練課程，

There is also this myth that children from the slums

這樣他們的弟弟妹妹就不會被阻止來上學。

cannot integrate with mainstream.

一般人認為，出身自貧民區的孩子

Take a look at this little girl

無法融入主流社會。

who was one of the 28 children

來看看這個小女孩，

from all privileged schools,

她跟另外二十七個

best schools in the country

來自全國各地最好的

that was selected for the Duke University

明星學校的學生在一起，

talent identification program

她獲選參加美國杜克大學的

and was sent to IIM Ahmedabad.

資優生鑑定方案，

Video: Girl: Duke IIMA Camp. Whenever we see that IIMA,

並因此前往印度亞美達巴德管理學院。

it was such a pride for us to go to that camp.

影片：女孩：[語意不清] 每次我們看到

Everybody was very friendly,

能夠參加那個營隊是多麼令人驕傲。

especially I got a lot of friends.

我們去到那裡，每個人都很親切，

And I felt that my English has improved a lot

而且我交到很多的好朋友。

going there and chatting with friends.

我覺得去到那裡，跟朋友交談等等，

There they met children who are

使我的英語進步了很多。

with a different standard and

在那裡，我認識

a different mindset, a totally different society.

不同生活水準的人，

I mingled with almost everyone.

有不同的想法。完全不同的社會環境。

They were very friendly.

各種人我都去接觸。

I had very good friends there,

他們非常親切友善。

who are from Delhi, who are from Mumbai.

我在那裡交到很多好朋友。

Even now we are in touch through Facebook.

有的人從德里來，有的人從孟買來。

After this Ahmedabad trip

到現在我們還用Facebook保持聯絡。

I've been like a totally different

在這次的亞美達巴德之行後，

mingling with people and all of those.

我變得跟以前完全不一樣，

Before that I feel like I wasn't like this.

會跟各種各樣的人來往、做朋友。

I don't even mingle, or start speaking with someone so quickly.

我覺得以前的我並不是這樣的，

My accent with English improved a lot.

以前我不會這麼快去認識別人，或主動去攀談。

And I learned football, volleyball,

我的英語口音進步了很多，

Frisbee, lots of games.

我學會了足球、排球、

And I wouldn't want to go to Bangalore. Let me stay here.

飛盤，以及很多的遊戲。

Such beautiful food,

現在我不想回去班加羅爾，我想待在這裡。

I enjoyed it. It was so beautiful.

這裡食物很美味，

I enjoyed eating food like

我很喜歡，真的很棒。

[unclear] would come and ask me,

我喜歡享用食物，因為

"Yes ma'am, what you want?" It was so good to hear!

[語意不清] 會過來問我，

(Laughter)

"小姐，妳想要什麼？" 聽到這種話真好！

(Applause)

(笑聲)

SB: This girl was working as a maid

(鼓掌)

before she came to school.

這個女孩在去上學之前，

And today she wants to be a neurologist.

做著女傭的工作，

Our children are doing brilliantly in sports.

而現在她想要當神經科學家。

They are really excelling.

我們的學生在運動方面表現得很優秀，

There is an inter-school athletic competition

他們真的學得很好。

that is held every year

每一年，班加羅爾會舉辦一次

in Bangalore, where 5,000 children participate

校際的體育競賽，

from 140 best schools in the city.

會有來自全市最好的140所學校的

We've got the best school award for three years successively.

5000個學童參加，

And our children are coming back home

而我們連續三年贏得了最佳學校獎。

with bags full of medals, with lots of admirers and friends.

當比賽結束，我們的學生都帶著

Last year there were a couple of kids

滿滿的獎牌、滿滿的讚譽和友誼回家。

from elite schools that came

去年，有一些菁英學校的學生

to ask for admissions in our school.

來找我們，

We also have our very own dream team.

希望到我們的學校來上學。

Why is this happening? Why this confidence?

我們也有我們自己的夢幻團隊。

Is it the exposure? We have professors

這一切是怎麼來的？自信是怎麼來的？

from MIT, Berkeley, Stanford,

是媒體曝光的關係嗎？我們的師資

Indian Institute of Science

來自麻省理工學院、柏克萊、史丹福、

who come and teach our children lots of scientific formulas,

印度科學院，

experiments, much beyond the classroom.

他們來我們學校，教導孩子科學方程式、

Art, music are considered

作實驗，也不是只在教室裡講課。

therapy and mediums of expression.