a troublemaker, an irritant,

家鄉的人稱我是擾亂者，

a rebel, an activist,

闖禍精，討厭鬼，

the voice of the people.

反抗者，活動家，

But that wasn't always me.

為民喉舌的人。

Growing up, I had a nickname.

但我並不是一直是這樣的一個人。

They used to call me Softy,

在成長過程中，我有一個暱稱。

meaning the soft, harmless boy.

他們叫我軟仔。

Like every other human being, I avoided trouble.

意思是一個很柔軟，無害的男孩。

In my childhood, they taught me silence.

和其他人一樣， 我盡量避開麻煩。

Don't argue, do as you're told.

小時候，他們教我要沈默。

In Sunday school, they taught me don't confront, don't argue,

不要反嘴，聽話就是。

even if you're right, turn the other cheek.

在星期日的主日學校，他們教我 不要對抗，不要爭論，

This was reinforced by the political climate of the time.

即使你是對的，轉過臉去。

(Laughter)

那時的政治氛圍加強了這一點。

Kenya is a country where you are guilty

（笑聲）

until proven rich.

在肯亞，你是有罪的

(Laughter)

除非你被證明你是有錢人。

Kenya's poor are five times more likely

（笑聲）

to be shot dead by the police who are meant to protect them

比起被罪犯所殺， 肯亞的窮人有五倍的機率

than by criminals.

被應該保護他們的警察所槍殺。

This was reinforced by the political climate of the day.

被應該保護他們的警察所槍殺。

We had a president, Moi, who was a dictator.

這也是被那時的政治氛圍所促成的。

He ruled the country with an iron fist,

我們那時的總統，莫依，是一個獨裁者。

and anyone who dared question his authority

他以鐵腕統治國家。

was arrested, tortured, jailed or even killed.

任何挑戰他的權威的人，

That meant that people were taught to be smart cowards, stay out of trouble.

都被逮捕，折磨，關進監獄， 或者甚至被殺。

Being a coward was not an insult.

因此，人們被教得聰明了， 不要自找麻煩。

Being a coward was a compliment.

懦夫不是恥辱。

We used to be told that a coward goes home to his mother.

懦夫的稱呼是讚嘆。

What that meant: that if you stayed out of trouble you're going to stay alive.

我們被教導 一個懦夫可以回家見到母親。

I used to question this advice,

意思是：如果你不惹麻煩， 你才能活著。

and eight years ago we had an election in Kenya,

我一直懷疑這個忠告。

and the results were violently disputed.

八年前，我們肯亞有一個選舉，

What followed that election was terrible violence, rape,

選舉結果被激烈爭論。

and the killing of over 1,000 people.

選舉後發生很嚴重的暴力，強暴，

My work was to document the violence.

以及有一千多人被殺。

As a photographer, I took thousands of images,

我的工作是紀錄這個暴行。

and after two months,

我是攝影記者， 我照了幾千張相片。

the two politicians came together, had a cup of tea,

兩個月後，

signed a peace agreement, and the country moved on.

兩個政客見面、喝茶，

I was a very disturbed man because I saw the violence firsthand.

簽了一份和平協議書， 國家繼續向前走。

I saw the killings. I saw the displacement.

我那時非常不安， 因為我親眼目睹那些暴行。

I met women who had been raped, and it disturbed me,

我看到人們被殺。 我看到人們流離失所。

but the country never spoke about it.

我與曾被強暴的女人見面， 我覺得非常不安。

We pretended. We all became smart cowards.

但是在這個國家裏沒人敢說話。

We decided to stay out of trouble and not talk about it.

我們假裝。 我們都成為聰明的懦夫。

Ten months later, I quit my job. I said I could not stand it anymore.

我們決定逃避麻煩， 不去談論它。

After quitting my job, I decided to organize my friends

十個月後，我辭掉我的工作。 我說我再也無法忍受下去了。

to speak about the violence in the country,

辭職後，我決定組織我的朋友們，

to speak about the state of the nation,

談論這個國家的暴力，

and June 1, 2009 was the day that we were meant to go to the stadium

來談論這個國家的狀態。

and try and get the president's attention.

2009年6月1日是 我們本來要去體育場，

It's a national holiday,

引起總統的注意的日子

it's broadcast across the country,

那是一個國定假日。

and I showed up at the stadium.

消息已在國內傳播了，

My friends did not show up.

我去了體育場。

I found myself alone,

我的朋友都沒有露面。

and I didn't know what to do.

我獨自一人，

I was scared,

我不知如何是好。

but I knew very well that that particular day,

我很害怕，

I had to make a decision.

但我知道在那一天，

Was I able to live as a coward, like everyone else,

我必須決定。

or was I going to make a stand?

我能夠像個懦夫一樣活著， 和其他人一樣，

And when the president stood up to speak,

還是我要表明我的的立場？

I found myself on my feet shouting at the president,

當總統站起來說話時，

telling him to remember the post-election violence victims,

我發現自己站起來， 對著總統大叫，

to stop the corruption.

提醒他要記得選舉後的暴力犧牲者，

And suddenly, out of nowhere,

要制止貪腐。

the police pounced on me like hungry lions.

突然，不知從哪裡出來，

They held my mouth

像是飢餓的獅子，警察撲向我。

and dragged me out of the stadium,

他們遮住我的嘴，

where they thoroughly beat me up and locked me up in jail.

將我從體育場拖出來。

I spent that night in a cold cement floor in the jail,

然後他們對我施以暴力， 再將我關進監牢。

and that got me thinking.

我在監獄裡的寒冷的水泥地上過了一晚，

What was making me feel this way?

那使我開始想。

My friends and family thought I was crazy because of what I did,

是什麼讓我覺得這樣呢？

and the images that I took were disturbing my life.

我的朋友和家人都認為我的行為很瘋狂，

The images that I took were just a number to many Kenyans.

我照的相擾亂了我的生命。

Most Kenyans did not see the violence.

我照的這些照片 對許多肯亞人來說只是一個數字。

It was a story to them.

大多數的肯亞人沒有目睹那些暴力行為。

And so I decided to actually start a street exhibition

對他們而言，只是一個故事。

to show the images of the violence across the country

所以我決定在開始做街頭展覽。

and get people talking about it.

展示國內的暴力相片，

We traveled the country and showed the images,

來引起人們談論。

and this was a journey that has started me to the activist path,

我們在過內各地展示這些相片，

where I decided to become silent no more,

那就是我成為活動家的開始，

to talk about those things.

因為我決定不再沈默，

We traveled, and our general site from our street exhibit

開始要談論這些事。

became for political graffiti about the situation in the country,

我們到各地。我們從街頭展覽，

talking about corruption, bad leadership.

成為有關這個國家的狀況的政治繪圖，

We have even done symbolic burials.

談論有關貪腐，以及很壞的領導。

We have delivered live pigs to Kenya's parliament

我們甚至舉行象徵性的葬禮。

as a symbol of our politicians' greed.

我們將活豬送入肯亞的國會

It has been done in Uganda and other countries,

作為我們的政客的貪婪的象徵。

and what is most powerful is that the images have been picked by the media

這些在烏干達和其他國家都有人做過，

and amplified across the country, across the continent.

最有力的是有些影像被媒體採用，

Where I used to stand up alone seven years ago,

在全國各地廣泛的傳播。

now I belong to a community of many people who stand up with me.

七年前我曾經獨自站立的地方，

I am no longer alone when I stand up to speak about these things.

現在我屬於許多和我志同道合的 團體的一份子。

I belong to a group of young people who are passionate about the country,

當我站著談論這些事時， 我再也不是孤單一個人了。

who want to bring about change,

我屬於一群熱愛這個國家的 年輕人的團體，

and they're no longer afraid, and they're no longer smart cowards.

他們想要帶來改變，

So that was my story.

他們不再害怕， 而且他們不再是聰明的懦夫。

That day in the stadium,

這是我的故事。

I stood up as a smart coward.

那天在體育館，

By that one action, I said goodbye to the 24 years living as a coward.

我以一個聰明的懦夫站起來。

There are two most powerful days in your life:

以那個行動，我告別了24年以來的 懦夫生活。

the day you're born, and the day you discover why.

你的生命中有兩天是最強而有力的：

That day standing up in that stadium shouting at the President,

你出生的那天， 和你發現生命的理由的那天。

I discovered why I was truly born,

在體育館對著總統大叫的那天，

that I would no longer be silent in the face of injustice.

我發現了我出生的真正理由，

Do you know why you were born?

就是面對不正義，我不會再沈默。

Thank you.

你知道你出生的理由嗎？

(Applause)

謝謝！

Tom Rielly: It's an amazing story.

（掌聲）

I just want to ask you a couple quick questions.

湯姆．賴利：這是一個驚人的故事。

So PAWA254:

我想問你幾個問題。

you've created a studio, a place where young people can go

所以，PAWA254

and harness the power of digital media

是你創立的一個工作室， 讓年輕人可以去那裏，

to do some of this action.

利用電子化媒體的力量

What's happening now with PAWA?

來做一些行動。

Boniface Mwangi: So we have this community of filmmakers,

目前PAWA在做什麼？

graffiti artists, musicians, and when there's an issue in the country,

班尼菲斯．馬王吉: 我們有一個 電影製片人，

we come together, we brainstorm, and take up on that issue.

塗鴉藝術家，音樂家的團體。 當這個國家有一個問題，

So our most powerful tool is art,

我們會聚在一起，我們集思廣益， 然後對那個問題採取行動。

because we live in a very busy world where people are so busy in their life,

所以我們最強而有力的工具是藝術。

and they don't have time to read.

因為我們住在一個非常忙碌的世界， 人們在他們的生活裡非常忙碌，

So we package our activism and we package our message in art.

他們沒有時間閱讀。

So from the music, the graffiti, the art, that's what we do.

所以我們以藝術包裝我們的活動， 和我們的訊息。

Can I say one more thing?

所以用音樂，塗鴉，藝術， 那就是我們在做的。

TR: Yeah, of course. (Applause)

班尼菲斯．馬王吉：我可以再說一件事嗎？

BM: In spite of being arrested, beaten up, threatened,

湯姆．賴利: 當然可以。 （掌聲）

the moment I discovered my voice,

班尼菲斯．馬王吉：除了被逮捕、 施暴、威脅、

that I could actually stand up for what I really believed in,

我發現我的聲音，

I'm no longer afraid.

我可以為我相信的站出來的那一刻，

I used to be called softy, but I'm no longer softy,

我就不再害怕。

because I discovered who I really am, as in, that's what I want to do,

我曾被稱為軟仔， 但我不再是個軟仔。

and there's such beauty in doing that.

因為我發現我是誰， 也就是我要做什麼，

There's nothing as powerful as that, knowing that I'm meant to do this,

而且在做那些事的那種美。

because you don't get scared, you just continue living your life.

知道我生來就是注定要做這個， 沒有比那個更有力的了。

Thank you.

因為你不會害怕， 你只是繼續過你的日子。

(Applause)

謝謝。