but these days, the biggest disruptor didn't come out of Silicon Valley.

矽谷癡迷於搞破壞。

It came out of steel towns in Ohio,

但是，當下最大的破壞者 並不來自矽谷。

rural communities in Pennsylvania,

它來自俄亥俄州的鋼鐵城，

the Panhandle in Florida.

來自賓夕法尼亞州的偏遠社區，

And this last US presidential election

來自佛羅里達的西北角。

was the mother of all disruptions.

最近的美國總統選舉

Once again, politics is personal.

就是所有這些破壞的源頭。

Millions of Americans became activists overnight,

再次重申，政治是個人的。

pouring into the streets in record numbers

數以百萬的美國民眾 在一夜之間化身為激進份子，

in record time.

以破紀錄的規模和速度

(Laughter)

湧上街頭。

The election has done to family holiday dinners

（笑）

what Uber has done to New York City's taxi system.

這場選舉，對於 家庭假日聚餐造成的影響，

Couples have broken up and marriages disrupted.

就像優步對於整個 紐約計程車系統造成的影響。

And the election is doing to my private life

情侶分手，婚姻破裂。

what Amazon is doing to shopping malls.

而這場選舉對於 我個人生活造成的影響，

These days, the ACLU is on the front lines 24/7,

正如同亞馬遜對於賣場造成的影響。

and even if I manage to sneak away for a couple of miles on the treadmill,

最近，美國公民自由聯盟 正全天候、不間斷地堅守前線。

any cardio benefit I get is instantly obliterated

即使我能從那裡溜出來， 在跑步機上跑上幾英里，

when I read another presidential tweet on the headline scroll.

當我翻閱頭條， 閱讀又一條總統的推文時，

Even my secret pleasure

剛才所做的所有有氧運動 瞬間失去了效果。

of studying the Italian painters

甚至我研究義大利畫家的癖好

have been infected by politics.

也被政治所影響。

Now, I study, even stalk, the old masters.

我學習、甚至追蹤這些 古老的大師們。

This is my desk,

這是我的書桌以及

with a postcard exhibition

我的名信片展覽——

of some famous and obscure paintings

包括了一些廣為人知， 和鮮為人知的藝術作品。

mostly from the Italian Renaissance.

大多出自義大利文藝復興時期。

Now, art used to provide me with a necessary break

過去，藝術在我每天 為美國公民自由聯盟工作時，

from the hurly-burly of politics

常常可以讓我從政治的喧擾中，

in my daily work at the ACLU,

得到一絲安寧。

but not anymore.

不過，如今再也不行了。

I was at the Women's March in San Francisco

總統就職後的第二天，

the day after inauguration,

我在舊金山的 女性抗議遊行的隊伍中。

and the crowd was chanting, "This is what democracy looks like."

人群重複地吶喊著： 「這就是現如今民主的樣子！」

"This is what democracy looks like."

「這就是現如今民主的樣子！」

And there I was holding my sign and my umbrella in the rain,

我就在那裡，在雨中 一手舉著標語，一手舉著雨傘。

and I flashed on an old painting

然後我突然想起了很多年前

that first captivated me many years ago.

就令我入迷的一張古老繪畫。

I struggled to remember the different pieces

我努力地回憶原本畫作的幾個部分，

of an actual painting

在畫優秀與糟糕的政府。

of good and bad government.

當時就好像是大師正在奚落我。

It was almost like the old master was taunting me.

「你想知道現如今民主的樣子嗎？」

You want to know what democracy looks like?

「回去好好看看我的壁畫作品吧。」

Go back and look at my frescoes.

於是，我就這麼做了。

And so I did.

在 1339 年，安布羅吉歐·洛倫澤蒂

In 1339, Ambrogio Lorenzetti finished a monumental commission

在西耶納市政廳的理事會大廳裡 完成了一份具有里程碑意義的作品。

in the governing council chamber of Siena's Palazzo Pubblico.

那是一幅向今天的我們述說， 甚至吶喊的巨作。

It's a painting that speaks to us, even screams to us, today.

「藝術，是一個 讓我們了解真相的謊言」，

"Art is a lie that makes us realize truth,"

帕波羅·畢加索曾經這樣說。

Pablo Picasso once said.

當我們追尋關於政府的真相之時，

And as we search for the truth about government,

我們應該讓安布羅吉歐的作品 在我們大眾的眼中，

we should keep Ambrogio's work,

成為一則寓言，而不是一句謊言。

not a lie but an allegory, in our collective mind's eye.

在洛倫澤蒂所處的時期，

During Lorenzetti's time,

義大利城邦的政治合理性

the political legitimacy of Italian city-states

是非常值得懷疑的。

was often on very shaky ground.

西耶納過去是一個共和國，

Siena was a republic,

但是二十年間不停歇的巨大動亂

but there had been enormous unrest

最終導致了這部作品的誕生。

in the two decades leading up to the commission.

在這些寓言人物眼皮下執政的

Siena's political leaders, who would literally govern

西耶納的政治領導人，

under the eyes of these allegorical figures,

是洛倫澤蒂的目標觀眾。

were Lorenzetti's intended audience.

他為被統治者列出了 統治階級應有的責任。

He was cataloging the obligations

如今，你可以花上數年時間 學習領悟這些壁畫。

of the governing to the governed.

的確有一些學者是這麼做的。

Now, you can spend years studying these frescoes.

雖然我根本不能算是位藝術史學家，

Some scholars have.

但是我對於藝術抱有滿腔熱血。

I'm hardly an art historian,

這樣一幅巨作就可以完全地征服我。

but I am passionate about art,

那麼首先，我把關注點 放在了最突出的部分。

and a work this massive can overwhelm me.

這個一個關於優秀政府的寓言。

So first, I focus on the big stuff.

在最中間的那個威嚴的人物 身穿西耶納的顏色。

This is the allegory of good government.

他是共和體的擬人化形象。

The majestic figure here in the middle

洛倫澤蒂把他標註為「群體。」

is dressed in Siena's colors

基本上，他是在告訴西耶納的人民，

and he personifies the republic itself.

他們必須統治他們自己， 而不是一個國王或一個獨裁者。

Lorenzetti labels him "Commune,"

在「群體」周圍的是他的顧問。

and he's basically telling the Sienese

「公正」是被加冕的。

that they, and not a king or a tyrant, must rule themselves.

她正仰望著代表「智慧」的人物。

Now, surrounding Commune are his advisors.

這裡的「智慧」實際上正支撐著 代表「公正」的天秤。

Justice is enthroned.

「和睦」，或者「和諧」

She's looking up at the figure of wisdom,

拿著從「公正」的天秤 垂下來的繩子，

who actually supports her scales of justice.

將自己和人民捆綁在一起。

Concord, or Harmony,

使他們全都在共和體中成為同胞。

holds a string that comes off the scales of justice

最後，我們來看「和平。」

that binds her to the citizens,

她看起來很放鬆，

making them all compatriots in the republic.

就好像她在聽鮑伯·馬利的歌曲。

And finally we see Peace.

當一個優秀的政府統治的時候，

She looks chilled out,

和平絲毫沒有什麼好擔心的。

like she's listening to Bob Marley.

這些是突出的形象和概念，

When good government rules,

但我更喜歡的是細節上的小東西。

Peace doesn't break a sweat.

在另一面牆上，

Now, these are big images and big ideas,

洛倫澤蒂用富有意味的的小細節，

but I really love the small stuff.

描繪了一個優秀的政府

Along another wall,

對於普通百姓真實、 日常的生活所帶來的影響。

Lorenzetti illustrates the effects of good government

在鄉間，山坡被用於景觀和農場。

on the real and everyday lives of ordinary people

在同一個畫面裡，農作物 被播種、收割、研磨、粉碎。

with a series of delicious little details.

莊稼和牲口被帶到集市裡。

In the countryside, the hills are landscaped and farmed.

在城市裡，建築工人在建造塔房；

Crops are being sown, hoed, reaped, milled, plowed,

人們參加法律講演， 可能是一場 14 世紀的 TED 演說；

all in one picture.

（笑）

Crops and livestock are being brought to market.

學生們在盡情玩耍；

In the city, builders raise a tower.

商賈繁榮；

People attend a law lecture, a TED Talk of the 14th century.

令人驚艷的舞者愉悅地當街起舞。

(Laughter)

看顧共和國的是這個 帶翅膀的人物，「安全。」

Schoolchildren play.

他手裡的橫幅寫道，

Tradesmen thrive.

「所有人都應該 無所畏懼地向前走。」

Dancers larger than life dance with joy.

令人驚奇的是這些 800 年前的形象，

And watching over the republic is the winged figure Security,

和如今的我們是如此相似。

whose banner reads,

我們看到了民主是什麼樣子。

"Everyone shall go forth freely without fear."

我們感受到一個好的政府 在生活中對我們的影響。

Now, what's amazing about these images from 800 years ago

就像是洛倫澤蒂在他的生活中那樣。

is that they're familiar to us today.

但是，自從 11 月 9 日起，

We see what democracy looks like.

這個失敗政府的寓言 一直令我久久不能忘懷。

We experience the effects of good government in our lives,

壁畫嚴重受損，

just as Lorenzetti did in his life.

但讀起來卻像是今天的報紙。

But it is the allegory of bad government

統治壞政府的不是「群眾」，

that has been haunting me since November 9.

而是「獨裁。」

It's badly damaged,

他長著犄角、獠牙、鬥雞眼

but it reads like today's newspapers.

和編成辮子的頭髮。

And ruling over bad government is not the Commune

他很明顯在他的頭髮上 花了不少時間。

but the Tyrant.

（笑）

He has horns, tusks, crossed eyes,

「公正」如今無助地倒在他的腳下，

braided hair.

帶著手銬。

He obviously spends a lot of time on that hair.

她的天秤也被折斷。

(Laughter)

「公正」是「獨裁」的主要對手，

Justice now lies helpless at his feet,

而她被打倒了。

shackled.

如今，在「獨裁」周圍，

Her scales have been severed.

洛倫澤蒂描繪了幾個邪惡形象， 來擬態糟糕的政府。

Justice is the key antagonist to the Tyrant,

「貪婪」是一位緊緊抓住保險箱

and she's been taken out.

和魚鉤的老婦，

Now, surrounding the Tyrant,

拉取著她的財富。

Lorenzetti illustrates the vices that animate bad government.

「自滿」手拿一面鏡子。

Avarice is the old woman clutching the strongbox

洛倫澤蒂警告我們遠離那些 孤芳自賞的領導者，

and a fisherman's hook

他們被自己的自尊和虛榮所驅使。

to pull in her fortune.

在「獨裁」右邊的，是「殘忍」。

Vainglory carries a mirror,

「背叛」一半是山羊，一半是蠍子。

and Lorenzetti warns us against narcissistic leaders

誤導我們產生錯誤的安全感，

who are guided by their own ego and vanity.

並荼毒著共和國。

On the Tyrant's right is Cruelty.

「欺騙」，有著蝙蝠擺動的翅膀。

Treason, half lamb, half scorpion,

在「獨裁」左邊， 你可以看到「分裂。」

lulls us into a false sense of security

她身穿西耶納的顏色。

and then poisons a republic.

「贊同」與「反對」寫在她的身上。

Fraud, with the flighty wings of a bat.

她用木匠的鉅子將身體且分為兩半。

On the Tyrant's left, you see Division.

還有「暴怒」揮舞著暴民的武器——

She's dressed in Siena's colors.

石塊和刀具。

"Si" and "No" are painted on her body.

在壁畫剩下的部分， 洛倫澤蒂向我們展示了

She uses a carpenter's saw to chop her body in half.

一個糟糕的政府所帶來的 不可避免的負面影響。

And Fury wields the weapons of the mob,

我們看到，房間另一邊 被稱頌的社會典範讓我們失望。

the stone and knife.

曾經美麗的城市變得支離破碎；

In the remainder of the fresco, Lorenzetti shows us

鄉下變得貧瘠；

the inevitable effects of bad government.

農場都被荒廢。

The civic ideals celebrated elsewhere in this room have failed us,

很多還燃著熊熊烈火。

and we see it.

在空中的也不再是那個 帶翅膀的「安全」，

The once beautiful city has fallen to pieces,

而是另一個帶翅膀的人物， 「恐懼。」他手中的橫幅寫道：

the countryside barren,

「沒有人可以無畏 死亡恐懼地通過這條路。」

the farms abandoned.

最後的一幅畫面， 也是最重要的一幅，

Many are in flames.

洛倫澤蒂並沒有畫，

And in the sky above is not the winged figure Security,

而是留給了觀者。

but that of Fear, whose banner reads:

如今，洛倫澤蒂作品的觀眾 不是統治者，而是被統治的百姓們，

"None shall pass along this road

站在他寓言前，帶走領悟， 付諸於行動的個人。

without fear of death."

洛倫澤蒂警告我們，必須認出

Now, the final image, the most important one, really,

貪婪、欺騙、分裂， 甚至暴君的陰影，

is one that Lorenzetti did not paint.

當它們籠罩我們的政治領域時。

It is of the viewer.

更加要認清的是大肆宣稱 代表了優秀政府的聲音，

Today, the audience for Lorenzetti's frescoes

且發誓要讓美國重新崛起的 政治領袖所帶來的陰影。

is not the governing but the governed,

我們每個人都必須行動起來。 民主不是旁觀者的運動，

the individual who stands in front of his allegories

抗議的權利；集會的權利；

and walks away with insight,

向政府請願的權利；

who heeds a call to action.

這些都不僅僅是權利。

Lorenzetti warns us that we must recognize the shadows

面對貪婪、欺騙，和分裂，

of Avarice, Fraud, Division, even Tyranny

這些是責任。

when they float across our political landscape,

我們需要干預；

especially when those shadows are cast

（鼓掌）

by political leaders loudly claiming to be the voice of good government

我們需要干預我們自己的生活，

and promising to make America great again.

這樣才能干預

And we must act.

政治權利不斷不道德地堆積

Democracy must not be a spectator sport.

在那些背叛了 民眾價值觀的政客手中。

The right to protest, the right to assemble freely,

我們，和我們的人民

the right to petition one's government,

必須推舉公義，

these are not just rights.

把和平帶到我們的國家。

In the face of Avarice, Fraud and Division,

我們必須和睦地聚攏在一起，

these are obligations.

我們需要做出選擇。

We have to disrupt --

我們要麼把我們自己畫進

(Applause)

洛倫澤蒂糟糕政府寓言的 恐怖噩夢中，

We have to disrupt our lives

要麼站起來，

so that we can disrupt

混亂、大聲地聚集到街道上。

the amoral accretion of power

這才是現如今民主應該有的樣子。

by those who would betray our values.

謝謝。

We and we the people

（鼓掌）

must raise justice up

克理斯·安德森：首先，喔！

and must bring peace to our nation

很明顯，在場很多人都非常的熱切——

and must come together in concord,

你很熱情地在這裡給大家做了演說。

and we have a choice.

但我敢肯定，在座還會有其他的人

We could either paint ourselves

會這樣說，你看， 川普是被六千三百萬人民選出來的。

into the worst nightmare of Lorenzetti's bad government,

他遠不完美，

or we can stay in the streets,

但是，他正努力地在做他的工作。

disruptive, messy, loud.

你不應該給他一個機會嗎？

That is what democracy looks like.

安東尼·羅梅羅：我想我們需要分辨

Thank you.

他作為總統一職的合理性，

(Applause)

和他的政策的合理性。

Chris Anderson: First of all, wow.

當他如此多的政策，與我們 最基本的價值觀相背離的時候，

Obviously, many people passionately --

比如法律面前人人平等，

you spoke to many people passionately here.

比如我們不應該因我們的 膚色與信仰而被評判，

I'm sure there are other people here

我們需要捍衛這些價值，

who'd say, look, Trump was elected by 63 million people.

即使我們承認

He's far from perfect,

民主制度給我們交出了一位 挑戰這些價值觀的總統。

but he's trying to do what he was elected to do.

克：美國公民自由聯盟， 不只站在左翼陣營，對嗎？

Shouldn't you give him a chance?

你們也會提出其他的觀點。

Anthony Romero: I think we have to recognize

安：嗯，是的，

the legitimacy of him as president

我們常常在某一刻 讓所有人都不高興。

versus the legitimacy of his policies.

可是，這就是我們的工作。

And when so many of the policies are contrary to fundamental values,

我們最近致力於

that we're all equal under the law,

為什麼保守派的安·庫爾特 應該被允許在柏克萊加大演說，

that we're not judged by the color of our skin or the religion we worship,

為什麼極右派的米羅·雅諾波魯斯 也應該享有言論自由。

we have to contest those values

我們甚至還寫了部落格，

even as we recognize and honor the fact

那差點使我們 某些員工的家被人放火。

that our democracy rendered us a president who is championing those values.

真的很不幸，那時我們在探討

CA: And the ACLU isn't just this force on the left, right?

川普作為總統也有言論自由，

You're making other arguments as well.

試圖讓他為在競選和集會中 煽動暴力負起責任，

AR: Well, you know,

是違反憲法，不符合美國國情。

very often we piss everyone off at one point.

當你把這樣的聲明，

That's what we do.

放到一心一意要打倒川普，

And we recently were taking stands

充滿激情泡沫的環境當中，

for why Ann Coulter needs to be able to speak at Berkeley,

會有人產生一種新的想法， 「等一下，每個人都有這些權利，

and why Milo has free speech rights.

包括我們不喜歡的總統。」

And we even wrote a blog

這就是我們的工作了。

that almost burnt the house down among some of our members,

（鼓掌）

unfortunately, when we talked about the fact

安東尼，你給這麼多人 帶來了非常有感染力的演說。

that even Donald Trump has free speech rights as president,

謝謝。非常感謝。

and an effort to hold him accountable

（鼓掌）

for incitement of violence at his marches or his rallies

is unconstitutional and un-American.

And when you put that statement out there

to a very frothy base

that always is very excited for you to fight Donald Trump,

and then you have a new one saying, "Wait, these rights are for everybody,

even the president that we don't like."

And that's our job.

(Applause)

CA: Anthony, you spoke to so many of us so powerfully.

Thank you so much. Thank you.

(Applause)