But I can't tell you her real name.

我想和你們分享一個女孩的故事，

So let's just call her Hadiza.

但我不能說出她的真名，

Hadiza is 20.

所以我們暫且稱她為哈狄札。

She's shy,

她今年 20 歲，

but she has a beautiful smile that lights up her face.

她很害羞，

But she's in constant pain.

她的笑容看起來很美麗，

And she will likely be on medication for the rest of her life.

但她卻身在痛苦中，

Do you want to know why?

而且她可能終生都需要藥物治療。

Hadiza is a Chibok girl,

你知道為什麼嗎？

and on April 14, 2014, she was kidnapped

哈狄札來自奇博克，

by Boko Haram terrorists.

2014 年 4 月 14 日，

She managed to escape, though,

她被博科聖地恐怖分子綁架。

by jumping off the truck that was carrying the girls.

她試圖要逃跑，

But when she landed, she broke both her legs,

她從載滿女孩的卡車上跳下，

and she had to crawl on her tummy to hide in the bushes.

但在著地時摔斷了雙腿，

She told me she was terrified that Boko Haram would come back for her.

她得爬進草叢裡躲起來。

She was one of 57 girls who would escape by jumping off trucks that day.

她非常害怕恐怖份子會再度找上她，

This story, quite rightly, caused ripples

那天共有 57 個女孩逃出卡車。

around the world.

這個事件很快的，

People like Michelle Obama, Malala and others

引起全球的關注。

lent their voices in protest,

蜜雪兒歐巴馬、馬拉拉以及其他名人，

and at about the same time -- I was living in London at the time --

都站出來發聲。

I was sent from London to Abuja to cover the World Economic Forum

當時我正住在倫敦，

that Nigeria was hosting for the first time.

我被派到阿布加參與

But when we arrived, it was clear that there was only one story in town.

奈及利亞首次主辦的 世界經濟論壇會議。

We put the government under pressure.

當時綁架案在當地受到很大的關注，

We asked tough questions about what they were doing

我們向當地政府施壓。

to bring these girls back.

並詢問他們，

Understandably,

解救人質的進展。

they weren't too happy with our line of questioning,

可以理解的是，

and let's just say we received our fair share of "alternative facts."

他們不喜歡被質問，

(Laughter)

所以我們只得到一些 「小道的事實消息」，

Influential Nigerians were telling us at the time

(笑聲)

that we were naïve,

具有影響力的當地人告訴我們，

we didn't understand the political situation in Nigeria.

我們太天真了。

But they also told us

我們不了解奈及利亞的政治情勢，

that the story of the Chibok girls

但他們也告訴我們。

was a hoax.

奇博克女孩綁架案，

Sadly, this hoax narrative has persisted,

是假的，

and there are still people in Nigeria today

難過的是，這些假謠言仍被流傳著。

who believe that the Chibok girls were never kidnapped.

直到現在，仍有當地人，

Yet I was talking to people like these --

深信奇博克女孩綁架案從未發生過，

devastated parents,

但我採訪過那些受害者，

who told us that on the day Boko Haram kidnapped their daughters,

我採訪過那些絕望的父母，

they ran into the Sambisa Forest after the trucks carrying their daughters.

他們訴說著女兒被綁架的那天，

They were armed with machetes, but they were forced to turn back

他們追著卡車跑進山姆畢沙叢林裡，

because Boko Haram had guns.

他們帶著彎刀衝進叢林裡， 但卻被迫回頭，

For two years, inevitably, the news agenda moved on,

因為恐怖分子持有槍。

and for two years,

這兩年來，此新聞受到的 關注越來越少，

we didn't hear much about the Chibok girls.

過去兩年來，

Everyone presumed they were dead.

我們沒有聽到太多 關於奇博克女孩的消息，

But in April last year,

大家都認為她們死了。

I was able to obtain this video.

但去年四月，

This is a still from the video

我拿到一部影片，

that Boko Haram filmed as a proof of life,

這是擷自影片的畫面，

and through a source, I obtained this video.

恐怖分子以此證明女孩們還活著，

But before I could publish it,

我透過關係取得這部影片，

I had to travel to the northeast of Nigeria

但在我發佈影片前。

to talk to the parents, to verify it.

我必須到奈及利亞的東北部，

I didn't have to wait too long for confirmation.

向受害者家長確認影片真實性，

One of the mothers, when she watched the video, told me

我很快就得到了答案。

that if she could have reached into the laptop

其中有一個母親 在看過影片後跟我說，

and pulled our her child from the laptop,

如果她能把手伸進螢幕裡，

she would have done so.

並把她的女兒拉出來，

For those of you who are parents, like myself, in the audience,

她真的很想這麼做。

you can only imagine the anguish

各位，如果你們跟我一樣， 已經為人父母的話，

that that mother felt.

你大概能想像那位母親，

This video would go on to kick-start negotiation talks with Boko Haram.

所承受的極大痛苦，

And a Nigerian senator told me that because of this video

這部影片是與博科聖地談判的開端，

they entered into those talks,

奈及利亞的議員跟我說， 因為這部影片，

because they had long presumed that the Chibok girls were dead.

他們現在才採取行動。

Twenty-one girls were freed in October last year.

因為他們之前認為女孩們早已死亡，

Sadly, nearly 200 of them still remain missing.

去年十月，21 位女孩被釋放了，

I must confess that I have not been a dispassionate observer

不幸的是，大概還有 200 位失蹤的女孩，

covering this story.

我得承認我沒有站在客觀的角度

I am furious when I think about the wasted opportunities

報導此事件，

to rescue these girls.

每當想起有許多機會都被浪費掉時，

I am furious when I think about what the parents have told me,

我就非常地氣憤。

that if these were daughters of the rich and the powerful,

每當想起那些父母說，

they would have been found much earlier.

如果他們是有錢有勢的人，

And I am furious

那些女孩們早就被解救時， 我就很氣憤。

that the hoax narrative,

我也對假新聞

I firmly believe,

感到憤怒。

caused a delay;

我深信著

it was part of the reason for the delay in their return.

那是拖延救援的原因。

This illustrates to me the deadly danger of fake news.

害那些女孩無法提早被救出來，

So what can we do about it?

這讓我了解到假新聞 所造成的真實傷害，

There are some very smart people,

我們能做什麼？

smart engineers at Google and Facebook,

在谷歌及臉書有一群，

who are trying to use technology to stop the spread of fake news.

非常聰明的工程師們，

But beyond that, I think everybody here -- you and I --

試圖用新科技防止假新聞的散佈。

we have a role to play in that.

但除此之外，我想每一個人，

We are the ones who share the content.

包含你和我，

We are the ones who share the stories online.

都要參與其中，

In this day and age, we're all publishers,

我們會分享新聞，

and we have responsibility.

我們會在網路上分享故事，

In my job as a journalist,

在這個時代，我們就是出版者，

I check, I verify.

所以我們應要承擔責任。

I trust my gut, but I ask tough questions.

身為一位記者，

Why is this person telling me this story?

我會檢查、確認。

What do they have to gain by sharing this information?

我相信我的直覺，但我也會質問，

Do they have a hidden agenda?

為什麼這個人要告訴我這個故事？

I really believe that we must all start to ask tougher questions

他們能從分享此資訊中獲得什麼？

of information that we discover online.

他們是不是有別的意圖？

Research shows that some of us don't even read beyond headlines

我相信我們應該要開始質問

before we share stories.

我們在網路上發現的資訊，

Who here has done that?

有研究指出，有些人只看到標題，

I know I have.

就分享資訊。

But what if

在座有人這麼做過嗎？

we stopped taking information that we discover at face value?

我就曾經做過，

What if we stop to think about the consequence

但如果

of the information that we pass on

我們能停止轉發未經證實的消息，

and its potential to incite violence or hatred?

如果我們能仔細思考，

What if we stop to think about the real-life consequences

我們所轉發的訊息，

of the information that we share?

可能會引發暴力或仇恨，

Thank you very much for listening.

如果我們能在分享訊息前仔細思考，

(Applause)

此舉會對真實世界造成什麼樣影響？